Contents
b1. Natural Sciences
b1.1 Mathematics
b1.2 Computer and
information sciences
b1.3 Physical
sciences
b1.4 Chemical sciences
b1.5 Earth and
related environmental sciences
b1.6 Biological sciences
b1.7 Other
natural sciences
b2. Engineering and Technology
b2.1 Civil engineering
b2.2 Electrical engineering, electronic
engineering, information engineering
b2.3 Mechanical engineering
b2.4 Chemical engineering
b2.5 Materials
engineering
b2.6 Medical
engineering
b2.7 Environmental engineering
b2.8 Environmental
biotechnology
b2.9 Industrial Biotechnology
b2.10 Nano-technology
b2.11 Other
engineering and technologies
b3. Medical and Health Sciences
b3.1 Basic medicine
b3.2 Clinical
medicine
b3.3 Health sciences
b3.4 Health
biotechnologies
b3.5
Other
medical sciences
b4. Agricultural Sciences
b4.1 Agriculture,
forestry and fisheries
b4.2 Animal and dairy
science
b4.3 Veterinary science
b4.4 Agricultural biotechnologies
b4.5 Other
agricultural sciences
b5. Social Sciences
b5.1
Psychology
b5.2 Economics and
business
b5.3 Educational
sciences
b5.4 Sociology
b5.5 Law
b5.6 Political
Science
b5.7 Social and
economic geography
b5.8 Media and
communications
b5.9 Other social sciences
b15.1.1.1.
On one interpretation of positioning tasks
solution. /N. Nikvashvili, I. Khatiskatsi/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.87-89.- rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
Considered is an algorithm of arbitrary positioning
tasks solution with participation of arbitrary surfaces, where due perfection
of three graphical tasks is possible to solve task on construction of common
points of line and surface (including straight line and plane), two surfaces
(including two planes, plane and surface). Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.1.1.2.
Plotting linear surfaces by application of additional projecting. /N. Nikvashvili,
I. Khatiskatsi/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.99-102.-
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Solved is the task of plotting of intersection line
for one group of surfaces – for linear surfaces with one guide and vertex. This
group includes cylinders (prisms), cones (pyramids). This problem is performed
on the example of intersections of prism and cylinder. The simplification of
solution is reached due additional skew-angle projection in the Ď1,
in direction of non-intrinsic vertex Π1 on its guide –
circumference a1 with the
same circumference coincide the additional skew-angle projections of
intersection line of given surfaces. The horizontal projection of desired line
of intersection is produced by return of additional projection points of
intersection lines on initial horizontal projections of prism elements. Fig. 1,
Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.1.1.3.
Mathematical methods as an important tool for strategic analysis and some
practical aspects of their use in the economy.
/I. Amanatashvili, T. Diasamidze, N. Elashvili,
D. Shanidze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). -
pp. 31-39. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
At the present stage of development of society, great
importance is attached to improving the processes of economic research. In
today's economy of our country, when a reasonable approach to the management
and regulation of economic activities of a modern science-based company, it is
imperative that these issues become even more necessary. On the basis of this
approach it is possible to ensure the reconstruction and development of our
national economy. This work is devoted to the study, decision-making and
presentation of the importance of economic and mathematical methods and
techniques and their application in practice. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.1.1.4.
Geometric constructions on a plane solution of one problem by method of loci. /L. Asatiani/. Transport
and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 98-101. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Upon solving the parallelogram construction problem
the method of loci reduced to finding any two lines or curves, at the
intersection of which a point is found that meets the conditions set put in the
problem is used. The set of such points represents a definite line that will be
the locus. For solving this problem, we used two known loci. The solution of
the problem shows that by knowing the method of loci the problems are easily
and gracefully solved. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.5.
One characteristic problem for equation of oscillations taking place in
magnetohydraulic pusher. /S. Bitsadze, R. Bitsadze/.
Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 147-b151. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The work studies a characteristic problem for equation
of oscillations, which is received by mathematical modelling of processes
taking place in magnetohydraulic
pusher of a specific design. The solution is written in an explicit form, and
its domain of existence is established. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.6.
Initial problem for the equation describing processes taking place in
magnetohydraulic pusher. /S.Bitsadze, R.Bitsadze/. Transport
and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 152-157. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The work studies an initial problem for the nonlinear
hyperbolic equation, which is received by mathematical modeling of processes
taking place in magnetohydraulic
pusher of specific design. The uniqueness of solution, which is written in an
explicit form, and range of definitions for solution is established is shown.
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.1.7.
Construction of circle tangent to three circles by Gergonne method. /S.
Bitsadze, R. Bitsadze, M. Barbakadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). - pp. 158-163. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Circle tangent to three circles is constructed by the
Gergonne method in the work. The definitions and theorems used during
application of the Gergonne method are given. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.8.
Nonlinear mathematical model of
bilateral assimilation. /T. Chilachava/. Computer Sciences and Telecommunications.
– 2014. – #1(41). – pp. 62-68. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
A new nonlinear
mathematical model describing assimilation of the people (population) spea0king
a less widespread language with two states speaking two different widespread
languages is offered. In the model three subjects are considered: the
population and government institutions with the widespread first language,
influencing by means of state and administrative resources the third population
with some less widespread language for the purpose of their assimilation; the
population and government institutions with the widespread second language,
influencing by means of state and administrative resources the third population
with some less widespread language for the purpose of their assimilation; the
third population (probably small state education, an autonomy), exposed to
bilateral assimilation from two powerful states. In that specific case, a
natural zero increase of the population of these three subjects, Cauchy's
problem for nonlinear system of the differential equations is analytically
solved. Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.1.1.9.
On testing the hypothesis of equality of two Bernoulli regression functions. /E.
Nadaraya, P. Babilua, G. Sokhadze/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy
of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.–
pp. 18-26. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
The limiting distribution of an integral square
deviation between two kernel type estimators of Bernoulli regression functions
is established in the case of two independent samples. The criterion of testing
is constructed for both simple and composite hypotheses of equality of two
Bernoulli regression functions. The question of consistency is studied. The
asymptotics of behavior of the power of test is investigated for some close
alternatives. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.1.1.10.
Problem of elasticity and plasticity for a plate with a shape of n-angle
weakened by n-holes. /Z. Abashidze/. Bulletin of the Georgian National
Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.–
pp. 27-31. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
A homogeneous, isotropic plate with a shape of
rectilinear n-angle weakened by n-cyclic symmetric holes is considered. The
plate is in a stressed state; a region of plasticity contains only contours of
holes and does not spread inside of the plate. A problem of elasticity and
plasticity for this plate is reduced to a boundary problem of linear
relationship for a unit circle with sectionally constant coefficients. The
equation of unknown contours of holes is presented; the solution of this
problem is obtained. Fig.1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.1.1.11.
Clark’s representation of Wiener functionals and hedging of the barrier option.
/O. Glonti, O. Purtukhia/. Bulletin of the Georgian
National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 32-39. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
For one functional of Wiener process, which in case of
Bachelier’s model of financial market is the payoff of Knock-out Barrier
Option, the Clark’s integral representation with explicit form of integrand is
obtained. This functional represents the product of European Call Option payoff
and indicator of some event. It is impossible to use directly the Clark-Ocone’s
formula because the indicator of event is Malliavin differentiable if and only
if probability of this event is equal to zero or one. We use our integral
representation of functionals of Wiener process, which slightly generalizes the
ClarkOcone’s formula, and obtain the explicit form of integrand. This integrand
is the optimal hedging strategy replicating the Knock-out Barrier Option in
case of Bachelier’s model. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.12.
Nonlocal contact problem for two-dimensional linear elliptic equations. /D.
Gordeziani, I. Meladze/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences.
– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp.
40-46. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
A nonlocal contact boundary problem for
two-dimensional linear elliptic equations is stated and investigated. The
uniqueness of the solution is proved. The iteration process is constructed,
which allows one not only to prove the existence of a regular solution of the
problem, but also to develop an approximate algorithm of its solution. The
solution of a nonlocal contact problem is reduced to the solution of classical
boundary value problems, in particular to the solution of Dirichlet problems.
Fig.1, Ref. 22.
Auth.
b15.1.1.13.
Calculation of Hurst exponent for dynamics of cost of the company.
/N. Bichenov/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.42 - 45. –
rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper describes an algorithm for a new statistical
method - R/S analysis described by Harold Hurst. Given method allows to
determine whether the time series is random or persistent, that is, whether it
has a long-term memory. The algorithm of R/S analysis is used for the time
series of stock prices; the conclusion about the nature of their persistence is
drawn. It is the most important factor when we examine such phenomena as, for
example, the stock exchange or currency, for which a clear fallacy of Gaussian
approach is confirmed by numerous studies. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.1.14.
Picking up stock shares by means of Hurst exponent and fractal analysis of the
stock market. /L. Gurgenidze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. –
#1(19). – pp.46 - 49. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
This article describes estimation of stock shares
within Hurst exponent. It gives us opportunity to define the value of stock
shares. The Hurst exponent occurs in several areas of applied mathematics,
including fractals and chaos theory, spectral analysis. A practical example of
estimation stock shares is solved in this article. We use VTB bank stock shares
to prove this. Fig. 3, Ref. 2.
Auth.
15.1.1.15.
Mathematic model and argumentation theory with multiagent-based architecture
for pattern recognition. /Z. Bosikashvili, G. Archvadze/.
Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.187-196. – eng.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
When agents communicate they do not necessarily use
the same vocabulary or ontology. For them to interact successfully they must
find correspondences between the terms used in their ontologies. The paper
describes the work fior constructing a formal framework for reaching agents’
consensus on the terminology they use to communicate. Each agent can decide
according to its interests whether to accept or refuse the candidate
correspondence. The authors are trying to construct a pattern recognition model
and how to use different ways to recognize patterns. Fig. 3, Tab. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.1.16.
The distribution of the centroid
devalution. /K.
Shvangiradze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 24-27. – geo.; abs.: geo, eng.,
rus.
For
distributing the centroid devaluation a theorem is given; according to which
where the experiment’s casual errors are independent and correspond to the same
normal distribution with the zero average value of s2
variance
then all the values of Aj are independent and correspond to aj
normal
distribution. To prove said theorem the well-known theorem is used saying that
in case the variates are independent and correspond to a standard normal
distribution, then any orthogonal transformation of these values will be
possible, the transformed values will be independent and correspond to the
standard normal distribution. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.1.17.
The intervals of confidence for
parameters. /K.
Shvangiradze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 28-31. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
It is shown that the theorem proven in the article
above concerning the probability distribution of estimations enables to receive
the interval of confidence acceptable only to the sum where s-‘s meaning is
already known, which is rare in practice. It is given that when s-‘s meaning is
unknown, the Student’s distribution can be used to construct the interval of
confidence. Thus, 
value has the standard normal distribution, while the
independent from it value 
has 
distribution
with the k freedom degree. The given P probability is found by the Student’s
schedule for such t=t(P, k) where P{|T|>t}=P. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.1.18.
Possibilities of drawing and creation
of sounds by mathematical modeling in the Mathcad environment. /N.
Kopaliani, V. Gogisvanidze, R. Filia, D. Dzadzamia, V. Gogisvanidze/.
Periodical Scientific Journal “Novation”. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 56-61. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Simple examples of the opportunities of drawing and
creation of sounds by mathematical modeling in the MathCad environment are
reviewed. For this purpose the image processing and signal processing theories
are used. The MathCad opportunities have a great practical value and wide
application in many engineering problems, including the mathematical modeling
of problems of vibration monitoring and diagnostics of technical conditions of
power equipment. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.19.
On the method of mathematical modeling
of the floating wave damper’s action. /T. Gvelesiani, Z. Tsikhelashvili, G. Berdzenashvili, Kh. Iremashvili/. V
International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water
Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. -
July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 40-44. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The method of mathematical modeling of the floating
(at the near shore sea shelf) wave damper device (proposed by the author of the
work), based on the usage of the 2D hydrodynamic problem solution obtained
formerly by T. Gvelesiani is proposed. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.1.20.
Variational problems in economic systems with distributed parameters.
/N. Narimanashvili/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.38-41. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
A mathematical model of simple, closed economic system
with distributed parameters is considered. On the basis of variation principle
the problem of price determination and maximal profit is formulated. The
problem solution ways are shown taking into account the market conditions, on
which basis recommendations on selection of the optimal strategy of planning
are elaborated. Fig. 3, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b1.2 Computer and information sciences
b15.1.2.1. Using
Lee metrics for designing invariant systems. /N. Ugrelidze, M. Sordia, T. Kvikvinia/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp.15-21. - geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
Invariant
systems’ design issues using the Lee metrics are considered. Invariance
conditions for codes and signal-codes’ systems are formulated. Several
corresponding examples are illustrated for convolutional codes with alphabetic
redundancy. Fig. 4, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.1.2.2. Optimal
encoding of the Georgian alphabet letters. /N. Ugrelidze, V. Zurabishvili, D. Gordzamashvili/. Transactions
of Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp.22-26. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
optimal encoding of the Georgian alphabet with efficiency of 99% is considered.
The code satisfies the condition of code prefix, which in turn determines the
simplicity of constructing a decoder and the code can be recommended for
sending short text messages at high speed. Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.2.3. Bayesian
networks and mathematical review of related hypotheses. /A.
Prangishvili, N. Namicheishvili/. Computer Sciences and Telecommunications. –
2015. – #1(45). – pp. 3-29. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article contains a
description of the approach to Bayesian Networks as a method of descriptive
analysis of the subject area. The concepts of the introduced graph theory are
necessary for further consideration of the results. The Bayesian network is
defined as an oriented acyclic graph, whose nodes correspond to the notions of
the subject area, and arcs (ribs) - to directly stochastic relations between
them. Relative to the Bayesian network the hypothesis of conditional
independence, factorization and separation are formulated for a probability distribution
on the set of values of nodes. The equivalence of these hypotheses is proved.
This allows using a single hypothesis, which imposes restrictions on a set of
parameters of probabilistic distribution of nodes in the network. These limits
correspond to the conditional independence between nodes that are
interconnected in a network by means of the routes. The routes pass through the
sets sharing these nodes. Fig. 2, Ref. 22.
Auth.
b15.1.2.4. New
codes with alphabetic redundancy. /T. Kvikvinia, E. Urushadze/. Computer
Sciences and Telecommunications. – 2014. – #4(44). – pp. 44-52. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with distance
invariant codes with alphabetic redundancy. In particular, software was
developed by the authors for computer searching of new codes. Convolutional
codes were designed for binary symmetric channels. Also ternary signal-code
systems using simplex signals are designee. All results are given in tables. It
is shown that the given quaternary codes could be used both for the binary
symmetric channels and for Gaussian channels with binary and quaternary phase
modulated signals. Fig. 5, Tab. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.1.2.5. Continuous
nonlinear mathematical and computer model of information warfare with
participation of authoritative interstate institutions. /T.
Chilachava, A. Chakhvadze/. Computer Sciences and Telecommunications. – 2014. –
#4(44). – pp. 53-74. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
A new nonlinear mathematical and computer model of
information warfare with the participation of interstate authoritative
institutes is offered. The model is described by Cauchy's problem for nonlinear
non-homogeneous system of the differential equations. Confronting sides extend
provocative statements, and the third side (the peacekeeping international
organizations) extends soothing statements; the peacekeeping institutions call
upon the sides to terminate the information warfare. In the specific case of
information warfare "aggressor-victim", exact analytical solutions
are produced for the third peacekeeping side, while the functions defining the
number of the provocative statements of the sides satisfy the Cauchy's problems
for Riccati certain equations that are solved by a numerical method. For the
general case computer modeling is carried out and it is shown that irrespective
of high aggression of the confronting sides, the interstate authoritative institutions
are still capable extinguishing the information warfare even when efforts of
international organizations are not sufficient for the purpose. Fig. 13, Tab.
2, Ref. 26.
Auth.
b15.1.2.6. Construction of management information systems of distributed business
processes based on petri networks and object-role modeling. /G.
Gogichaishvili, G. Surguladze, N. Topuria, B. Urushadze/. Bulletin of the
Georgian National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1. – pp. 58-64. – eng.; abs.:eng.,
geo.
The model of the service organs optimum number of
client-server architecture based on Markovian processes and algorithmic schemes
of its solution are worked out. On the ground of certain facts the Object Role
Model (ORM) is created. The concept of the distributed databases creation for
various financial structures based on Service-Oriented Architecture is offered.
The forms of web application on Ms Visual Studio.NET platform by NORMA software
and Ms SQL Server package are realized. The issues of modeling for business
processes of corporate systems, automatization of designing the database
structures and the consumers’ interfaces are considered. Tab.1, Fig. 2, Ref.
12.
Auth.
b15.1.2.7. 10
most affordable business activities on the Internet. /N.
Shakaia/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 109-112. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The
article aims to inform customers about such issues as sales of advertisements,
online counseling and role of drop shipping, internet marketing, freelance
services, info-business, reselling and partnership. Ref .3.
Auth.
b15.1.2.8. Gamification:
offer your customers to play. /N. Shakaia/. Novation.
– 2015. – #15. – pp. 113-117. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Definition
of gamification allows us to better understand the game content with customers,
which method or methods are best to accurately observe the objectives and
business needs. The gamification technique/method is a database of known
techniques and computer games online. To achieve gamification in the Internet
business the player must solve the problem quickly and get the reward. The
gamification algorithm is designed for all who manage companies in business; to
create a script of the game, a two-tier structure of the system exists in
gamification, which helps players achieve the goal. The article defines
gamification as an information system for the player, which can be represented
in a structure, scenario, technique, etc. Ref .4.
Auth.
b15.1.2.9. What
should be considered when building a website? /N.
Lomidze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 118-121. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
To create
a site, you must first desire and aspire, then create a web space and locate a
file therein. It is hard to say what criteria a good site should meet to sell a
business idea. The article describes briefly and succinctly the steps that
accompany the website creation, management, efficiency, safety, cost,
attractiveness and comfort. The goal is to help those people who want to create
their own website, take into account the difficulties and benefits that
accompany the creation of the site, to give the idea of creating in the right direction that would introduce users
to the site with a good user interface. Ref 3.
Auth.
b15.1.2.10. Online
shop: deliverer of orders. /N. Lomidze/. Novation. – 2015. –
#15. – pp. 122-125. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Online-shop
along with other features has an order delivery function; the financial
opportunities, loss and profit mainly fall on the online shop. The courier
service is the fastest way to get money from orders. An ancillary service to
the courier is self-shipment, which is a good way to save money. The purpose of
the paper is to provide consumers with a variety of ways and methods of
shipment. Ref 4.
Auth.
b15.1.2.11. Organization
of “news” on site. /N. Lomidze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 126-129.
– geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
section "News" is for the companies engaged in active foreign
activities to attract new suppliers and discuss key technologies. The “News”
category is a wide range of information about the events, which can be used in
the coverage of various issues. Based on the article, when creating the section
"News", at least one publication a week should appear to contribute
to the existence of the site, otherwise the progress of the site will be
hindered; your duty is to assess the need for such a section and then organize
the publication. Ref 3.
Auth.
b15.1.2.12. How
to keep up with the competitor’s site? /N. Lomidze/. Novation.
– 2015. – #15. – pp. 130-133. – geo.; abs.: eng., rus.
To get
more information about the competitors’ resources, the monitoring with them
must be brought into line with the level, so that no change would escape your
attention. For this there is a Similar Web, which searches for and displays the
like sites, through which you can identify your direct competitors. SEM ru
analyzes the competitors' sites, the words acceptable to them, the most popular
pages, allows you simultaneously compare 5 sites and get a full report on them.
Based on the above, the data obtained from observation of competitors give you
not only knowledge, but also as a strategy how to manage your work in the
future. Ref 3.
Auth.
b15.1.3.1.
Adaptive usage of main resources in MIMO-cognitive radio networks.
/Sh. Kvirkvelia, T. Kortua, J. Beridze/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 26-30. –
eng.; abs.: rus.
Cognitive radio is a novel approach that basically
improves the utilization efficiency of the radio spectrum. MIMO cognitive
network means:
a more efficient usage of the available frequency
spectrum; more robust wireless end-to-end connections without sacrificing the
real-time capability; improved mobility by means of autonomous, intelligent
adaptation to the environment. Fig. 3, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.3.2.
A method of measurement of the geometric and optical parameters of lenses by
using a microscope. /D. Shalamberidze, D. Zardiashvili, I. Kordzakhia, G.
Abramishvili, I. Avaliani/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 41-43. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with a method of measurement of the
geometric and optical parameters of lenses by using a microscope. The radii of
the lens curvature and the refractive index of the optical material were
calculated by measuring the distances from the front and back surfaces of the
lens to the point of the image with the help of an optical microscope. Fig. 2,
Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.1.3.3.
Determination of the coefficient of unsteady flow hydraulic resistange in main
pipelines. /D. Namgaladze. G. Mandaria/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. –
pp. 59-61. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Non-stationary hydrodynamic processes belong to
complicated physical events during which hydrodynamic parameters (rate and
pressure) change in time and space. The unsteady flow hydraulic coefficient is
often determined experimentally. Nowadays, the main reason for this fact is
that there is no complete and quite convincing theory. The experimental
determination of the unsteady flow parameters with real objects is discussed in
this work. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.3.4.
Static analysis of a double-chamber tunnel built using cut and cover
construction. /L. Japaridze/. Bulletin of the Georgian National
Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.
– pp. 47-50. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
The worldwide shortage of life and transport spaces
makes it necessary to utilize underground space of the cities by construction
of tunnels and near surface facilities using the so-called cut and cover
method. Calculation of such structures is a responsible task. Now there are
lots of numerical computer programs that are used in designing of the
underground constructions. However, the numerical methods sometimes yield
results that can vary significantly from those obtained with classical methods.
Therefore, in some cases classical methods of forces and displacements are
recommended to be used in the structural analysis of cut and cover tunnel
structures. The concept is right not only for cut and cover, but for other
types of tunnels and underground facilities. Tasks, which can be solved
analytically, must be worked out by classical computer methods. The qualified
specialists must use numerical methods in parallel with analytical methods, if
possible. Such approach can be useful for facilitation of the work, testing the
calculation results in order to avoid potential errors. It is often difficult
to find the appropriate analytical apparatus for solving typical schemes of
such structures. The analytical apparatus for static analysis of one or
two-span frame of the tunnel structures using methods of forces and
displacements is elaborated and presented in the paper. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.3.5.
Classical motion of a relativistic test particle in the static cylindrically
symmetric metric. /M. Yavari/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy
of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.–
pp. 51-57. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
In the paper, the gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic
fields are discussed in the threading formalism. The motion of a relativistic
test particle in the static cylindrically symmetric metric is studied by
applying the Hamilton-Jacobi method. In threading formalism the
gravitoelectromagnetic force in this spacetime is also calculated. Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.1.3.6.
Comparative analysis of geometric descriptions of coils of ATLAS detector.
/A. Sharmazanashvili, N. Tsutskiridze, A. Surmava, B. Kekelia/. Automated
Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp. 13-22. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Simulation of physics experiments at CERN (European
Organization for Nuclear Research) is underway in parallel with real
experiments. There are strict requirements to reach the adequacy of data coming
from detectors and event’s generator. In most of cases there are discrepancies
and there are several options from where they might be coming. Differences may
be caused by geometric inaccurateness of models. So, development of methods and
tools for creation of precise geometry models of ATLAS Detector is an urgent
task. For this purpose a special “Simulation Loop” method has been developed.
The Simulation Loop permits to carry out investigation of various geometries
and discover existing inaccuracies. Investigation of model of COIL geometry was
carried out using the Simulation Loop. As a result, volumetric and weight
inaccuracies were found. The received results were considered by a simulation
group at CERN. As a result, discrepancies were reduced. Fig. 7, Tab. 1, Ref.
13.
Auth.
b15.1.3.7.
Fractal representation of fluid flow into porous media.
/D. Janelidze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.148-155. –
eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper discusses fluid flow into the porous media.
With conjunction of diffusion equation, according to Darcy’s law and
conservation of mass equation, and Pore-Solid Fractal model, a new model is
created that explains fractal look on fluid flow in porous media. The new
fractalization coefficient is proposed. This approach is inverse perspective of
fluid flow into ground, where a new property of homogenous liquid is got from
characteristics of ground. Fig. 5, Tab. 1, Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.1.3.8.
Research of the Dirikhl problem solving
for heat exchange processes in a disperse layer in case of the dynamic mode,
taking into account light emission. /T. Modebadze/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 81-86. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
An operator
method of solving a system of differential equations of heat exchange
for Dirikhl’s problem in case of dynamic process is given. The problem
solving is proved. It is shown under what conditions this solution exists,
and to what class of functions the solution belongs. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.3.9.
Stability of plates with disconinuous
parameters. /G. Kipiani, V. Mikadze, L.
Nikolaishvili/. V International Scientific and Technical Conference.
Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and
Construction. Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 293-300. – eng.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
For
analysis of plates having cuts and breaks, design formulae that gives the
possibility to describe all singularities of stability components variables in
adjacent of discontinuities, reflect variation and distribution of forces and
moments in loading process, are obtained. New tasks of the plates with cuts and
ribs for calculation of the stability under various types and various
conditions of contour loadings are solved. Fig. 3, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.1.4.1.
Concentration distribution in the diffusion layer in the overlimiting mode of
electrodialysis. /Sh. Rukhadze, M. Apridonidze, K. Kevanishvili/.
GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 81-85. – geo.; abs.: rus.
For single-component solutions for the conditions of a
perfectly selective cation-exchange membrane in relation to electrodialysis,
obtained was a numerical solution to the problem of formation of ion fluxes in
the diffusion boundary layer. The solution was formulated on the basis of
Nernst–Planck equations under a nonlinear character of the concentration change
with dissociation products of water – hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. In the
overlimiting mode of electrodialysis, the dependences of transfer numbers for
the ions involved in mass transfer on the current density and the changes in
local transfer numbers by the thickness of the diffusion layer were obtained.
Fig. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.4.2.
Thermogravimetric study of complex compounds of silver (I) with tertiary
arsines. /M. Kikalishvili/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 67-69. –
rus.; abs.: eng.
Behavior of silver (I) tetra (triphenylarsine)
perchlorate under heating conditions was studied by means of the
thermogravimetric analysis. As it is found, upon heating the ligand brokes
initially from the compound. The final product of thermal decomposition is
silver. Fig. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.1.4.3.
Thermodynamic analysis of interaction of B2O3 with
carbon. /J. Bagdavadze, K. Ukleba, Z. Tsikaridze/. Bulletin of
the Georgian National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1. – pp. 65-67. – eng.; abs.:eng.,
geo.
The work presents full thermodynamic analysis (FTA) of
the B-O-C system at atmospheric pressure and in vacuum for the reaction 2B2O3
+ 7C = B4C+6CO. The main results of FTA are plotted in graphs.
Comparative analysis of the obtained results shows that carbon reduction of
B2O3 occurs at much higher temperature at atmospheric pressure than similar
processes conducted in vacuum. Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.1.4.4.
New formulas of spectral-line excitation profiles for coherent anti-Stokes
Raman scattering by molecules in solutions. /M. Zakaraia, G.
Chonishvili/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. –
Vol. 8, #1. – pp. 72-77. – eng.;
abs.:eng., geo.
The inhomogeneity of the surrounding of scattering
molecules significantly affects the intensity distribution in coherent
anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectra and excitation profiles. A
theoretical expression is obtained that describes the excitation profile of an
arbitrary relationship,s
of the vibronic levels of the excited electronic state and parameter Gbetween the
relaxation constant characterizing the inhomogeneity of the environment. The
possible influence of inhomogeneity on the CARS spectral lines is also
discussed in the paper. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.1.4.5.
Synthesis of some derivatives of
N-(1-Adamantyl)Carbonyl-N’-Benzyliden-oPhenylendiamine. /Sh.
Samsonia, D. Zurabishvili, T. Bukia, G. Buzaladze, M. Lomidze, E.
Elizbarashvili, U. Kazmaier/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of
Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.
– pp. 78–84. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-o-phenylenediamine and
4-methoxy-2-aminophenyl-N-(1-adamantyl)carboxamide are synthesized.
Condensation reaction of the synthesized compounds with aldehydes of salicyl-,
5-bromo salicyl- and 3,5-dibromo salicylic is studied. As a result
N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-,
N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxy-5- bromobenzylidene)-, N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dibromo
benzylidene)-, 4-methoxy-N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-,4-methoxy-N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxy-5-bromobenzylidene)-,
4-methoxy-N-(1-adamantyl)carbonyl-N’-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dibromobenzylidene)-ophenylenediamines
are obtained. Structures of the compounds are confirmed by IR, UV and NMR
spectra. Fig. 2, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b1.5 Earth and related environmental sciences
b15.1.5.1. Assessment of the geothermal potential of
West Georgia. /G. Melikadze, N. Kapanadze, G.
Kobzev, T. Jimsheladze, A. Sborshchikovi/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp.
123-128. – eng.
The geothermal potential of West Georgia is assessed.
Fig. 4, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Ed.
b15.1.5.2.
Security of cloud computing. /G. Nachkebia/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 106-110. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
Cloud services are one of the powerful and growing
directions of the development of modern information and communication
technologies. The article deals with the issues concerning the securities of
cloud computing. The issues concerning its physical security and legal side are
discussed. The issues of maintenance of network security are discussed on the
example of “Amazon”, one of the leader companies of cloud computing. Fig. 2,
Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.5.3.
Mathematical modeling of the shore
structure located at river channel for scouring deposition of sediment or small
landslide masses. /A.
Akhmedov, Kh. Iremashvili/. V International Scientific and Technical Conference.
Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and
Construction. Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 9-12. – rus.; abs.:geo., eng,
rus.
Cheap and simple transversal spur type river shore
structure having holes for scouring deposition of sediment or small landslide
masses at specific parts of the river channel is proposed. Mathematical
modeling of the characteristics of this structure action is developed. Fig. 3,
Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.5.4.
River flow velocities’ distribution at
the transversal coast-protecting structure zone. /T. Gvelesiani, Kh. Iremashvili, A. Akhmedov, G.
Berdzenashvili/. V International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern
Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction.
Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 45-48. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
solution of the boundary value problem on the 3D ununiformed fluid motion in a
river channel has been obtained formerly by T. Gvelesiani. This solution is
used to plot for a concrete example the field of velocities at the
cost-protecting transversal spur zone. Fig. 4, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.5.5.
On prediction and prevention of debris
flow’s catastrophic impacts on hydraulic projects in mountain areas. /T. Gvelesiani, G. Jinjikhashvili, G.
Berdzenashvili, T. Stepania, G. Aronia/. V International Scientific and
Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
49-54. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Topicality and research novelty of the problem on
prediction and prevention of debris flow’s negative environmental impact in
mountainous regions as well as its great social, ecological and economic
importance are specified. Fig. 3, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.5.6.
Evaluation of the Black Sea
wáter quality within Georgia. /R. Diakonidze, E. Shengelia, G. Chakhaia, L. Tsulukidze, Z.
Varazashvili, T. Supatashvili/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 69-72. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article is dedicated to the evaluation of the
Black Sea water quality and protection of its ecological safety. It is true
that one year research is not enough to evaluate the Black Sea water quality
(laboratory researches are under way), but results of laboratory researches
allow focus on the general approximate evaluation of laboratory research
results at this stage. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.1.5.7. Global warming and the Black Sea level
regime. /I.
Iordanishvili, M. Vartanov, K. Iordanishvili, D. Potskhveria/. V International
Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
102-114. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The results of analytical and in situ study of the Black Sea level regime on the Kolkheti coastal
area are given. The Black Sea basin development factors and conditions and the
level regime on the Kolkheti Lowland are presented and discussed. Fig. 7, Tab.
4, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.1.5.8.
Influence of hydrogeological conditions
on the dynamic of ground water and preserving ecological stability. /L. Maisaya, Kh. Kiknadze, A. Gogiashvili/. V
International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water
Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 166-168. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article considers the influence of hydrogeological
conditions on the dynamic of ground water and preserving the ecological
stability. The irrigation regime of ground water as a type of technogenic
regime, also the causative factors of hydrogeological conditions are discussed
. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.5.9.
Analysis of the basic data of wind and
wave regimes in the Poti Black Ssea region. /I. Saghinadze, J. Kadaria, M. Kodua/. V
International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water
Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 244-248. – rus.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper presents the basic long-term observations
and measurements of wind and wave regimes of the Poti Black Sea region.
Analyzed is the impact of these factors on raising the sea water level and
coastal currents. Tab. 5, Fig. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.5.10.
Determination of physical-chemical
parameters of the River Duruji debris flow colloidal sediment and using it for
agricultural purpose. /T. Supatashvili/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 255-260. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article considers a research of physical and
chemical parameters of the River Duruji colloidal sediment and of an experiment
carried out by using said sediment. On the basis of the received results the
conclusions and recommendation are presented. Fig. 1, Tab. 4, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.5.11.
Mountain reservoir impact assessment
criteria. /J. Panchulidze, G.
Metreveli/. V International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems
of Water Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction.
Tbilisi. – July 16-19.
– 2015. – pp. 288-292. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The features of an artificial reservoir – mountain
reservoir - created in the vertical changeability zone of geographical
elements: intensive sedimentation, significant impact on climate, sea coastal
sustainability and the surrounding areas infrastructure security are discussed
in the article. The main problem of the hydropower, coastal protection and
population security is found to be the reservoir clogging as a result of
intensive silting. The assessment of the inert material, or the “silting
prism”, accumulated in the reservoirs and the river above it as a mineral
wealth and the activation of a permanent conveyor
"reservoir-seashore-user" for its utilization would be a solution to
the problem. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.1.5.12.
The evaluation and forecast of
erosion-debris flow processes formed as a result of an ecocide taking place in
Borjomi Valley in 2008. /G. Chakhaia, Z. Varazashvili, L. Tsulukidze, R. Diakonidze, I.
Khubulava, T. Supatashvili, G. Omsarashvili/. V International Scientific and
Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 301-305. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In the Borjomi Valley, as a result of field
reconnaissance exploration, in the Nagvarevi Ghele, near the village of Data,
the debris flow phenomena provoked by negative results of ecocide (fire) was
fixed. By using the globally tested methodologies, the quantitative
characteristics of the erosion-debris flow processes and a forfescat to assess
the risks of geodynamic processes running in Borjomi valley (the Nagvarevi Ghele
catchment basin) were made. Fig. 2, Tab. 3, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.1.5.13.
State of geological hazards and risks
increasing trends in Georgia. /E. Tsereteli, M. Gaprindashvili, G. Gaprindashvili, O. Kurtsikidze, Ts.
Donadze, T. Nanobashvili/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 306-317. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Areas affected by multi-spectrum elemental geological
processes are of large scale in Georgia, associated with frequent
repeatability, large economic losses and high risk of hazard. Around 70% of
country’s territory is within the range of risk of hazard. According to
economic losses and human casualties, landslide – gravitational and mudflow
phenomenon of exceptional heterogeneous character, through increasing in time
interval is considered in the highest register. A complete understanding of
hazardous risk of landslide – gravitational and mudflow processes in Georgia,
allows currently developed special zoning maps in accordance with damage and
hazardous risks. The principle of zoning is based on constantly determining
(basic) process defining deterministic substrate, such as geological features
of the environment, lithology, and energy potential of the relief,
hydrogeological conditions and its sensitivity to these processes. The
Combination of time-variable, process provoking stochastic factors in
non-stationary mode, determining recovery of geological environment from the
established state of homeostasis and leading tension of physical fields to
critical threshold, leads to the dynamics of landslide-gravitational mudflow
processes from baseline conditions to the extreme. These types of maps
represents basic ground for the assessment of the area, various directions of
the economy and engineering activities and carrying out geo-monitoring studies
of a regional nature. However, as landslide-gravitational mudflow processes
represents ongoing drastically changing phenomenon through space and time in
non-stationary dynamic mode, it is necessary, periodically (at least once every
10 years) to update these types of maps. for aforementioned reason, will serve
received information, on the basis of permanently conducted regional
geo-monitoring studies. Fig. 2, Tab. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.1.5.14. Scientific basis of modern environmental
monitoring. /Z.
Charbadze/. V International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern
Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and
Construction. Tbilisi. – July
16-19. – 2015. – pp. 318-321. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article presents information on the major
scientific problem of monitoring. Its importance concerning the process change
objectives, forecasting and management of these processes in the environment is
defined. The anthropogenic understanding of monitoring, its global and regional
challenges are specified focus is made on its three levels: ecological and
hygienic monitoring, geosystem or natural economic and the biospheric. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.1.5.15.
Analysis and prospects of modern
anti-debris flow measures. /I. Khubulava/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental Protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 327-331. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
paper gives the general classification of anti-debris flow measures, considering
their purpose and conditions of use. Analysis of the data obtained from the
laboratory and theoretical studies of modern standard structures built on the
principle of streamlining is made. The prospects of their introduction are also
evaluated. Fig. 5, Tab. 1, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.1.6.1.
Biological method of plant protection from root rot. /Sh.
Kanchaveli/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 80-83. – rus.; abs.: eng.
Plant root rot is one of the main diseases that stand
out for its harm. The method of biological protection is one of the most
effective among the root rot control measures. For biological protection,
fungus antagonists, fungus – hyperparasites and cross plant protection can be
used. The fingal genus Trichoderma
was tested from fungus antagonists (T.viride,
T.harzianum, T.koningi) and biocatena – a biopreparation of local
production was prepared on their strains. The latter was introduced into the
root in the form of a spore suspension and a good result was gained. From fungus
hyperparasites, P.oligandrum was
tested, beet seeds were treated before sowing by its spore suspension. This
caused not only the restriction of phytopatogens in the rhisosphere, but also
the improvement of the germination ability. During cross plant protection,
young plants which were weakened by nonvirulant strains got diseased that
caused the activation of natural immunity of the plant. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.6.2.
Asai – a berry crops with safe, antioxidant high nutritional value.
/M. Garuchava/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 91-94. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
paper indicates that in order to avoid possible world hunger the humanity needs
to search for new different plant and animal cultures and create innovative
technology on this basis. Chemical, biochemists and microbiological composition
of Asai berry crop are discussed. Its content of nutrients and nutritional
value are discussed. In comparison with other crops, Asai has unique
antioxidant properties and is the best antioxidant berry crop. Fig. 1, Tab. 2,
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.1.6.3.
Results of faunistic study of Georgian freshwater hairworms (Nematomorpha:
Gordiida). /N. Kintsurashvili, A. Schmidt-Rhaesa/. Actual
Problems of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014.
– V. XII. – pp. 132-138. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
This study encompasses the results of faunistic
investigations of Georgian freshwater hairworms using light and scanning
electron microscopy from the following regions: Imereti, Ajara,
Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park and Tbilisi. We have identified six new
species: Gordius aquaticus, Linneaus,
1758. Chordodes anthophorus,
Kirjanova, 1950. Spinochordodes sp.
[Gorgadze, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Kintsurashvili, 2008]; Gordionus violaceus, Baird,1853 [Gorgadze, Schmidt-Rhaesa,
Kintsurashvili, 2012]; Gordionus
lineatus, Leidy,1851., Chordodesparabipilus,
[Kintsurashvili, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Gorgadze, 2011]. Genus Gordionus is registered for the first time for Georgian fauna; Chordodes parabipilus is a new species.
We plan to extend our faunistic studies of freshwater hairworms in other
regions of Georgia. Fig. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.6.4.
Efficacy of Steinernema carpocapsae
in the biological control of Mesembrina
meridionalis (Muscidae). /M. Lortkipanidze, O. Gorgadze, M.
Kuchava, M. Kokhia, N. Gratiashvili, N. Gabroshvili/. Actual Problems of
Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – V. XII. –
pp. 139-143. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
This paper presents the results of using
entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema
carpocapsae for biological control of cattle fly Mesembrina meridionalis under field conditions. In the experiment
were used fly larvae and pupae (50-50) colonized in 2 kg cattle dung. For
infestation of insects the nematode suspension with certain concentration – the
titre of 10 000 IJs/ml was prepared. Three test samples were taken, to each
dung sample was added - 70, 50, 25 ml from the mentioned suspension.
Appropriately, in test sample 1 the number of nematodes made 350 per 1 g dung,
in test sample 2 - 250 and in test sample 3 - 125. Thus, we can conclude that
no less than 350 nematodes should be used for biological control of cattle fly
larvae and pupae. Fig. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.6.5.
Investigation of DNA synthesis intensity among the functionally distinguished
flight muscles in the process of locust development. /G.
Papidze, Ts. Sumbadze, N. Gachechiladze, O. Akhmetelashvili/. Bulletin of the
Georgian National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 118–121. – eng.; abs.:eng.,
geo.
DNA synthesis intensity (3H-thymidine was
used as a marker) among functionally different monofunctional (MOF) and
bifunctional (BIF) flight muscles (dorsal longitudinal 112, tergosternal 113, tergocoxal
119,120) in the process of locust development (the 5th age larva, one-day and
mature imago) was investigated. It was determined that the intensity of DNA
synthesis in the locust functionally different MOF and BIF flight muscles of
one-day imago is several times higher than that of the 5th age larva and mature
imago. In MOF muscle 112 of one-day imago as well as in the case of mature
locust the level of DNA synthesis was low. The difference among DNA synthesis
in other muscles (113, 119,120), as well as in the case of MOF and BIF muscles
of the 5th age larva was not observed. The sufficient difference among DNA
synthesis in MOF and BIF muscles in the process of locust development was not
observed. Tab. 1, Fig. 1. Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.1.6.6.
Carnivorous plants, feeding, digestion
and trapping mechanisms. /N. Gvinianidze/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 77-80. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper
deals with the behavior of the carnivorous plants in all aspects ranging from
trapping the victim to its digestion. Some representatives of carnivorous
plants capture their prey by means of passive traps. Such traps are deep and
have the form of a bowl. When an insect touches the trap, it is stuck and
cannot escape. This time the plant begins the secretion of digestive enzymes.
This causes the death of the insect and the digestion process begins. In such
cases trapping mechanisms are covered with adhesive substances. From chemical
point of view they are carbohydrates. These substances are produced in gland-tipped
hairs on the leaves of carnivorous plants. In case of active traps an insect is
stuck to the leaf and then is wrapped in special hairs. The catching mechanism
uses the principle of a trap. In all cases, the plant attracts insects through
polysaccharide mucus or nectar. These substances are produced either in a trap
or in glands that are located around it. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.6.7.
Results of field research in the Black
Sea coastline within the borders of Georgia in April 2015. /A. Gavardashvili/. V International Scientific
and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
23-29. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The field-precognitive research was carried out on the
Black Sea coastline of 110 km length within the boarder of Georgia on April
21-30, 2015 in order to assess the modern ecological problems. The sea water
samples were taken from the 35 points chosen from Sarpi to Ganmukhuri area. The
coordinates were determined using the GPS and the water (t1) and air
temperatures (t2 ) were measured, which relative values vary from 0,74
to 1,00; acidity (PH) was 8,11–8,69 and salinity of the water (TDS) was within
3,84–13,50. Fig. 3, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.6.8.
Introduction of modern risk
methodologies for provision of security measures for population located in
disaster areas in case of failures of high earthen dams. /G. Gavardashvili, B. Ayub, K. Bziava/. V
International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water
Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. –
July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 30-39. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
main goal of the research is the development and introduction of a regional
strategy and action plan for managing risks due to natural and human-caused
hazards (including terrorism) for South Caucasus regions including Armenia,
Azerbaijan and Georgia, taking into consideration the Hyogo international
strategy (Hyogo Declaration and Hyogo Framework for Action) for 2005-2015 years
(18-22 January, 2005, Kobe, Hyogo prefecture, Japan) to reduce disaster risk.
The main attention is given towards use a formal risk analysis framework, such
as the Critical Asset and Portfolio Risk Analysis (CAPRA) method, to examine
human-caused threats, such as terrorism events, and natural hazards, such as
flooding due to dam failures, with a focus on potential failure modes due to
deterioration. Three case studies of dams in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia
will be developed including the use of monitoring systems and the statistical
analysis of collected data. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.6.9.
The green covering arrangement on the
roofs of buildings and constructions of Georgian cities and towns to improve
the ecological situation. /Z. Ezugbaia, I. Iremashvili, N. Mskhiladze, Sh. Cheishvili/. V
International Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water
Management, Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. –
July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 73-85. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The issues related to the innovation technology of
green covering arrangement on the roofs of buildings and constructions are
overviewed. The green coverage kinds (types) and the detailed data of the
construction are given. The appropriate conclusion, given in the work, shows
that this kind of coverings is better than the traditional roofs. Fig. 20, Tab.
1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.6.10.
Phytochemical study of the leaves of lylac (Syringa
Vulgaris L.) growing in Georgia. / N. Bikashvili, A.
Bozhadze, M. Jokhadze, D. Chincharadze, D. Berashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.35-36. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Lilac (Syringa) is perennial, shrub or small
tree in the olive family (Oleaceae); Syringa is a genus of 30 currently
recognized species. Siring vulgaris L. Is
a most widely used belong other species of Syringa.
The purpose of research was phytochemical study of leaves of S. vulgaris growing in Georgia. Based on
phytochemical researches were identified 25 phenolic compounds (among them 16
flavonoids and 9 phenolic acids); Linoleic and palmatin acids were identified
in chloroformic fraction; homoprotokatekhis acid and limonene - in butanolic
fraction; 2-methoxy -4 vinylphenol, silicium 2- methylcinnamon acid ester,
2,5-dimethyl-3 furan carboxylic hydrazide, 9-butyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro
anthracene, sitosterol, tyrosol, dihydrocoumarin, methylbenzaldehyde in the
ethyl acetate fraction. Some analytical characteristics of syringe leaves were
determined: humidity (10-12%), ash (7-11%), extractive compounds (25-28%),
tannins (10-14%), flavonoids (1%). Tab. 2, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.1.6.11.
Microbiological examination of medical waste in obstetric and gynecological
department. /D. Kobeshavidze, D. Chikviladze, Kh. Gachechiladze,
M. Mikeladze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.99 – 102. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
article presents the data of microbiological examination of medical waste
samples taken in the obstetric and gynecological departments. Examination was
carried out during 2014 year. Microorganisms, which in some cases were isolated
from disinfected medical waste, showed poly-resistance to antibiotics,
stability to disinfectants and were more virulent in comparison to
microorganisms which had been isolated before disinfection. All this indicate
the possibly of their nosocomial origin. Thereby, permanent microbiological
examination of medical waste samples, which were in direct contact with
patient’s excreta, may be regarded as one of the methods of detection of
hospital strains. Tab. 2, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.6.12.
Spleen cell specificity of gnotobionts in regard to age.
/B. Kochlamazashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.106 – 109. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Immuno-morphologic
investigation with morphometry of cyto-architecture of spleen of regular
(conventional) and Germfree (gnotobionts) white rats of different age was
performed. The results of study showed that generally spleen lymphoid tissue of
gnotobionts unlike conventional ones do not reduce during aging. In follicles,
despite of simplifying anti- genic loading, has been increased (in comparison
with the control) phagocytic activity, enhancing with the aging process. Has
been indicated aging increasing of T-lymphocytes’ number on the background of
unchanged number (comparing with the control, not depending on age) of B-cells.
So, concerning the age-related changes it can be said that lymphopoietic
potential of gnotobionts’ spleen depends not on the “external” environmental
antigenic stimuli, but on the influence of “internal” (deposition,
hemokatharsysis) factors, creating “local” conditions for antigenic stimulation
of the organ. Tab. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.1.6.13.
In
vitro antifungal activity of
several species of the genus Allium L.
growing in Georgia. /M.
Maisashvili, J. Kuchukhidze, D. Chincharadze, M. Jokhadze, A. Favel/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v.
XLVIII. - pp.115 – 117. – eng.; abs.: geo.
The
genus Allium contains 500 species. 38
species grow in Georgia. This genus is a rich source of steroidal saponins. Which
are characterized by a wide range of their biological actions. In vitro antifungal activities of pure
compounds, as well as crude extract were evaluated. Among pure compounds a
spirostanol saponin aginoside – (25R), 5a-spirostan – 2á, 3â,
6â – triol 3-0-â-D- glucopyranosyl – (1®2)-[B-D-xylopyranosyl-(
1®3)] – â-D- glucopyranosyl- (1®4)- â -D-galactopyranoside, had a
higher antifungal active on the most yeast tested (with a MCF from 6.25 to 12.5
mg/ml). Among crude extracts the most active was the sum of steroidal saponins
from Allium rotundum (MCF < 12.5
mg/ml). Tab. 1, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.1.6.14.
Validation of the HPLC quantitative
analysis method of aginoside in the flowers of Allium Rotundum. /M. Maisashvili, M. Jokhadze, D. Chincharadze, L.
Zardiashvili, J. Kuchukhidze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.117 – 119. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
According
to the modern requirement of validation we have established all the parameters
for the LC assay method we have developed. These parameters include –
specificity, linearity, precision, repeatability, detection limit,
quantification limit. The validation of the listed studies has shown us that
the presented method is repeatable, precise and fast. It also allows the
precise assay of aginoside in the presence of other steroidal saponins a
feature important for the standardization of sum preparations. Tab. 4, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b2.
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
b2.1 Civil engineering (Construction)
b15.2.1.1. Renovation
of the architectural – planning structures of public centres of Baku. /I. Isbatov/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. –
2015. – #1(495). – pp.58-62. – rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
The
Centre of Baku, which is the administrative centre of the Republic of
Azerbaijan performs the functions of inter-settlement services and is organized
taking into account the population’s urging towards the city centre (downtown).
Along with the main city centre, the system of city centre of Baku includes
specialized centres, residential areas, places of work and rest. The functional
content of Baku community centres is multifunctional and specialized.
Versatility is common to all centres providing comprehensive service of
different territorial units of the city - planning and residential areas,
places of work and rest. The most multifunctional is the centre of Baku. At the
same time, therapeutic, sports, educational and other centres are being formed
in Baku. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.1.2. The
role of deployment of oil‐extracting
areas in the development of industrial and residential areas in Azerbaijan. /A. Azizov/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. –
2015. – #1(495). – pp. 63-66. – rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
The
oil bearing areas, as complex territorial and industrial sections, have been
formed under specific urban development, economic and cultural conditions so
that their logistical degree, residential districts, the number of residents,
the area, etc. are different. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.1.3.Logistic systems of passengers’ transportation. /T.Gorshkovi,
N.Butkhuzi/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.73-79. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The article considers the structure of logistic systems
of passengers’ transportation and the functional meaning of management at both
the macro and micro level. A scheme of the quality of transport service’s
perimeters is introduced. The principles, which are needed for design of
logistical systems for passengers’ transportation and for its creation, are
presented. A group of factors defining the relocation of population by
transport is considered. An information model that provides differentiation of
passengers’ demands under the impact of external factors is proposed. Tab. 1,
Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.1.4. Methods of increasing visualization of a drawing (I). /T.
Beridze, N. Nozadze, M. Dzidziguri/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.90-94. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The modern engineer-designer uses various types of
graphic images. Perspective image fully reflects the visual impressions that
observer gets in real conditions. To achieve this, one of the key issues is
correct selection of a point of view for constructing the perspective image.
Fig. 9, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.1.5. Methods of increasing visualization of a drawing (II). /T.
Beridze, N. Nozadze, M. Dzidziguri/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.135-140. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
At the initial stage of designing for the purpose of
improved understanding of the drawing the perspective and axonometric images
are used together with working drawings. The perspective images of figures
allow to verify in the process of designing the planned composition in accordance
of scale, constituents and other requirements. Fig. 5, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.1.6. Selection of road transport using generalized optimization parameters. /D.
Pridonashvili, R. Tedoradze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.95-98. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
To evaluate the vehicle effectiveness, the article
presents the methods based on generalized technical parameters of optimization,
the so-called performance efficiency factor. The latter provides for the basic
vehicle's performance figures: the average speed and fuel consumption. A
recommendation on the assessment and selection of different vehicles by
comparing their performance efficiency factor is presented. The proposed
methods are specified. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.1.7. Differentiating the technical readiness coefficient of vehicles
according to output. /V.
Lekiashvili, N. Baratashvili/. Transport
and Machinebuilding. – 2014. –
#3(31). – pp.122-126. – geo.;
abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The efficiency of motor road transport rolling stock
largely depends on the reliability of management principles and methods of
improvement. This is the prime characteristic of the complex indicator of
reliability - the coefficient of technical readiness. It fully reflects the
level of reliability of the vehicle and assesses the magnitude of the idle
running caused by technical problems. Based on this position, its optimization
should be carried out given the target function of reduction, which is possible
by respective differentiating of the mentioned coefficient throughout the
operational period. The method is based on the analysis and assessment of the
vehicle reliability indicator, which is a necessary condition for the
improvement of efficiency. Fig. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.1.8. Braking of the car by anti-blocking system of wheels.
/V. Kharitonashvili, N. Chichinadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.176-180. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The anti-blocking ABS system is not a system of
automatic braking of the car; its task is to ensure the efficiency of braking
and safety. Perfect as the ABS system may be, the guarantor of active traffic
safety of the car is still the driver, who is obliged to consider road
situations and real structural possibilities of the car. The duty and
responsibility for timely braking of the car is conferred on the driver. When
studying a road and transport incident, the examination should take into
account both the technical condition of the ABS system and paving and the
psychophysiological condition of the driver. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.1.9. On the car maneuver parameter determination. /V.
Kharitonashvili, N. Chichinadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2015. – #1(32). – pp. 77-84. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
An option of traffic accident study
associated with the driver’s technical possibility to avoid the accident is
considered. Tab. 1., Fig. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.1.10. Structure of municipal economy. /V. Kiria/. Gaenati
Herald. – 2015. – vol. II, #4.
– pp. 10-17. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Municipal economy is the complex of enterprises,
organizations and economies, which operates at the territories of cities and
urban-type settlements and satisfies vital material-and-cultural and household
requirements of humans, who are resident at these territories. During operation
the facilities of municipal economy are grouped from the viewpoint of
periodicity of rendered services, administrative and territorial features and
operations management. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.1.11. Unmanned ground vehicles modeling and control.
/B. Meparishvili, G. Janelidze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). –
pp.23-29. – eng.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The main goal of the paper is the elaboration of new
scientific approaches based on collective behavior of social systems.
Irrespective of the fact that many target evolutionary algorithms, the modern
decision-making procedures are based on multi-agent modeling methods, the
approaches developed by the authors can be considered as a new engineering
calculation paradigm that is based on the entropy and synergy methods
characteristic of dynamic systems. If a complex system is considered as an
interactive, multi-agent heterogeneous chaotic system with a multidimensional,
complex hierarchical structure, than its modeling will represent the most
complicated problem. This is conditioned by existence of both the nonlinear and
fuzzy factor, which is correspondingly associated with a rather high degree of
behavioral freedom of social systems. Ref.5.
Auth.
b15.2.1.12. Analysis
of buildings for dynamic oscillations taking into account the linear
strengthening of material. /T.
Batsikadze, D. Tabatadze, V. Sokhadze/. V International Scientific and
Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
17-22. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng, rus.
The
issue of research of the strained state of buildings that within each storey
are working on shear is considered. The oscillations result from the impulse
displacement of ground, while the load-bearing elements of structures could
undergo elastic-plastic displacements. As for the force-displacement relation,
it is presented as bi-linear, i.e. the material of load bearing structures is
linearly strengthening. The results of two- and sixteen-storey buildings
analysis are presented. It is indicated that on a bi-linear diagram the smooth
transition from one line to another significantly improves the convergence of
iteration process of simultaneous equations solution. Fig. 4, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.1.13. Maximum
molecular water-absorbing capacity as a soil classification indicator. /L. Itriashvili, E. Khosroshvili/. V International
Scientific and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management,
Environmental Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19.
– 2015. – pp. 115-118. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Soil classification on the basis of the granulometric
content is discussed. The discrepancy of this classification with field and
laboratory conditions is shown. The classification is proposed based on the
existing data analysis, which for its part is based on soil gradation according
to the maximum molecular water-absorbing capacity. Tab. 1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.2.1.14. Calculating
the systematic horizontal drainage under condition of unsteady movement of
ground water. /Sh. Kupreishvili, P.
Sichinava, Z. Lobghanidze, K. Dadiani, N. Beraia/. V International Scientific
and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
Protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
136-139. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
It has been established that calculation of a distance
between drains must be carried out taking into account the unsteady regime of
ground water. The water balance equation calculated upon location on the
waterproof drain layer is proposed. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b2.2
Electrical engineering; information engineering
b15.2.2.1.
Modern systems of automation for refrigeration equipment. /K.
Partskhaladze, G. Kvirikashvili, G. Khachapuridze/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). – pp. 15-21. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
At present, the technical improvement of refrigeration
and air conditioning systems passes through the application of the latest
achievements in the field of automatic control. Automatics in refrigeration
perform the functions of alarm, control, protection, regulation and management.
For this, electronic blocks - controllers, which manage the process according
to the given algorithm, gave been developed and applied. The latest system in
this area receives information from multiple controllers on the monitoring
server. It keeps logs of the measured parameters, performs signal processing
and provides a connection to the system via a modem, local area network or over
the Internet. The maintenance of such systems requires special training of
staff. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.2.2.
Development of universal system block of automatic regulation for
refrigerator trucks. /G.
Khachapuridze, K. Partskhaladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). – pp. 22-30. – geo.; abs.: geo ., eng., rus.
It is known that some refrigeration units manufactured
before 2000, which is the majority of truck refrigerators operating exploited
in Georgia, are not equipped with automatic temperature control systems in the
cargo section. This conditions increased energy consumption. The proposed
automatic temperature control block, developed on the basis of temperature
controller ELIWEL 974 provides for a positive effect. Fig. 2, Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.2.2.3.
The issues of information security in automated personnel management systems.
/N. Chaduneli/. GEN. – 2014. –
#2. – pp. 41-44. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the information security of
automated personnel management systems. The problem of guaranteeing such
security is analyzed on the basis of a specific character of processing of
personal data and a technique of selection of appropriate measures and means.
The legal base and standards concerning the information security in the sphere
of interest are discussed. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.2.2.4.
The impact of the pulse-width modulation frequency on the operation and dynamic
properties of the transistor converter. /N. Kvrivishvili/. GEN.
– 2014. – #2. – pp. 21-25. –
eng.; abs.: rus.
By
a definite example, the development of a mathematical model of the pulse device
approximating the reality by means of frequency links is shown. The emphasis is
made on understanding and judgment of the physical essence of dynamic
properties and the operation of the modeled pulse device. Without their clear
understanding, the objective analysis is impossible. The dependence of the
target signal on the frequency of the operating signal was established by the
construction of frequency characteristics of the device. The results of this
work can be used in designing the control circuits of direct current electric
drives, and also various pulse devices. Fig. 5, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.5.
The problem of the communication service quality in modern telecommunications. /R.
Svanidze, M. Chkhaidze, Z. Gudzuadze/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 45-50. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the quality of communication
service in modern telecommunication networks. The state of art in Georgia is
discussed. There are considered the issues of monitoring and supervision, the
organizations involved, a scheme of
assessment of the communication quality, approaches to the improvement of the
communication quality, the ETSI (European Telecommunications Standardization
Institute) model of assessment of the communication service quality, the
Service Layer Agreement (SLA), etc. A system for monitoring the
telecommunication quality in Georgia was developed, a typical testing complex
for mobile communication was composed, etc. The expected results of the
monitoring of the communication service in Georgia, in case such monitoring
would take place, are assessed. Fig.4, Tab. 1, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.2.2.6.
Determination of the power of distortion on the basis of the results of
expansion of voltage and current curves into fourier series. /T.
Museliani, I. Katamadze, M. Bakhtadze/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 19-24. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Based on the theory of electric circuits, an
expression for calculation of the power of distortion in electric circuits
without preliminary determination of total, active and reactive power was
derived. This expression allows determining the power of distortion by the
results of expansion of voltage and current oscillograms into Fourier series.
It makes possible to analyze the processes proceeding in electric circuits.
Fig. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.2.7.
Some technological characteristics of a new coated arc-welding electrode.
/M. Khutsishvili, A. Sulamanidze, G. Dadianidze, O. Nikolava/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 39-43. – geo.; abs.: eng.
New coated electrodes for manual arc welding are
characterized of good technological indices. When the non-melted tip of the new
coated electrode comes in contact with the basic metal, the loop is readily
closed, and the arc is generated, the second initiation of the arc is expected.
The slag formed during welding guarantees proper formation of the weld and is
easily removed after cooling. The burning-out and splashing losses suit the
requirements. There are not observed cracks, peeling or surface pores in the
weld. Fig. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.2.8.
Designing of the system board on the
basis of an asynchronous serial bus. /A. Benashvili, G. Benashvili, S. Sulkhanishvili/. GEN. – 2015. – #1. –
pp. 57-60. – eng.; abs.: rus.
The paper deals with the issues regarding the
modification of the design of the system board based on an asynchronous serial
bus. Particularly, the usage of an asynchronous serial bus instead of a
synchronous parallel one is proposed. This modification simplifies the design
of the motherboard, increases its speed and significantly decreases the
consumed power. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.2.9.
A new approach to the problem of the semantic theory of information. /G.
Lezhava, I. Kamkamidze, Z.
Berikishvili, A. Vardosanidze, E. Mkrtichian, T. Dalaqishvili/. GEN. – 2015. –
#1. – pp. 114-119. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the processor of an inductive
inference as a receiver of information. The possibility of creation and
development of the bases of the semantic theory of information is shown. In
particular, the new description obtained with the help of sensors according to
its content can be attributed to some class fixed in memory, or a new class can
be created. The calculation of the quantity of the information of the new
description obtained with the help of sensors is possible as well. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.2.10.
Designing of a new tweakable block cipher by using the modified hill’s
algorithm. /L. Julakidze, Z. Kochladze, T. Kaishauri/. GEN. –
2015. – #1. – pp. 50-56. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
A
new method of ciphering is proposed. The method was developed by using the
Hill’s method. A new tweakable block cipher was designed. The algorithm is
cryptoresistant to all currently available methods of cryptoanalysis. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.2.11.
Questions of planning of information
infrastructure in the modern organizations. /I. Kartvelishvili, T. Todua/. Computer
Sciences and Telecommunications. – 2014. – #4(44). – pp. 11-14. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The paper presents
methods for creation of information infrastructure and the necessary hardware
and software tools for this. The paper discusses the role of a local computer
network in creation and normal functioning of informational infrastructure.
Also discusses the methods and means for information processing and its
security. Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.12.
Aspects of creation of secure channel
of communication on the basis of the virtual private network (VPN). /I. Kartvelishvili, T. Todua/. Computer
Sciences and Telecommunications. – 2014. – #4(44). – pp. 15-20. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
Information
technologies play a crucial role in effective functioning and control for any
companies. In the conditions of operational accessibility of necessary
information it is possible adequate evaluation of current situation and making
timely decision. At the same time, information must be available only to those
to whom it is intended and unavailable - to all remaining. After that the
different companies and organizations has started actively using computers in
their activities, arose a need that these computers were integrated in a united
network for fast information transfer and effective interconnection. This
connection must be reliable and secure. Proceeding from all the
above-mentioned, organizations became interested in possibility of using of
Internet channels. However, the principles of building of the Internet give the
chance to malefactors, to steal and distort information purposely. Corporate
and broadcasting networks which are based on TCP/IP protocols and are
constructed on standard Internet applications (E-mail, Web, FTP), have no
warranty from invasion of unauthorized persons. In article the technology of
creation of the virtual private networks (VPN) which is one of the optimum
variants for creation of secure channel of communication is considered. Fig. 1,
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.13.
Econometric modeling of long-term optimal
regulation of electricity transmission tariff. /D. Japaridze, N. Kikabidze/. Computer Sciences and
Telecommunications. – 2014. – #2(42). – pp. 21-38. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The article presents
formulation of long-term, optimal criteria for regulating transmission tariff
of electricity, based on analysis of the world long-term experience. The criteria
determine transmission tariff in reflected conditions long-term internal rate
of return on invested capital, which is foreseen in the tariff established by
regulating authorities for the electricity transmission licensee energy
companies, and it includes all the factors reflected on the entire income of
the energy company and amount of electricity supplied to the consumers. Based
on the criteria is developed a methodology, determining marginal planning
indices of economic parameters defining amount of needed income of energy
company and amount of electricity supplied to the consumers and econometric
modeling of electricity transmission long-term optimal regulating tariff. The
proposed methodology is tested on the example of Georgian power system. Research
evidence shows that electricity transmission tariffs in Georgia are set
unfairly. In fact, the tariff is likely to be more than twice the current rate
and for the 5-year period Tariff for electricity transmission shall be between
1.05 ÷ 1 tetri / kW. Fig. 3, Tab. 9, Ref. 27.
Auth.
b15.2.2.14.
Construction of electronic election
system with multimedia databases and client-server architecture. /G. Surguladze, N. Topuria, G. Basiladze, N.Kiviladze, M. Neparidze/. Computer
Sciences and Telecommunications. – 2014. – #2(42). – pp. 39-86. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
Proposed is the
electronic voting system as a complex and large system of modeling,
object-oriented software design and implementation issues in process. The
problem-solving experience from overseas, the existing methods, architecture,
principles and models, which are necessary for the successful introduction of
an electronic voting system, are analyzed. The concept of building a state
level safe network and its architecture are proposed. The necessary relational
multimedia data bases are designed for the electronic voting system. In this
point of view the usage of categorical modeling methods in design and object -
oriented CASE - technologies are reviewed. Logically whole client - server
architecture and physically separated relational database system is developed,
based on object-role modeling principles and appropriate graph-analytical
tools. The principles of safe and reliable network operations in the proposed
electronic voting system are reviewed for modern communication base facilities.
The experimental pilot software versions of the multimedia electronic voting
system is implemented on the basis of new information technologies, such as
Visual Studio.Net, SQL Server, ORM / ERM, VPN technologies and software
packages, used new technologies: Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) and
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), and Metro Style App. Fig. 25, Tab. 1,
Ref. 19.
Auth.
b15.2.2.15.
The main means of communication on the internet public relations.
/A. Prangishvili, S. Kvirikashvili, O. Namicheishvili/. Automated Control
Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.
7-12. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Widespread communication tools in the history of the development
of the modern world Internet constitutes a communication method. Interaction
with mass media and the Internet is as important as its traditional
relationship and being almost the same scheme. The following factors may
contribute to the development of the Union: rising awareness, disposal of
materials on its website, on the created by the publication of the article,
which will lead the firm's attention, and the idea of the product. Finally, it
can be said that the above-mentioned means of effective measures Relations
Society, which is so widely practiced in the leading countries and in our
country is a modern means of communication. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.16.
Nonstandard block-structured symmetrical crypto algorithm.
/V. Kutsiava, A. Kutsiava, G. Gogoladze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.30-37. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The paper describes nonstandard block-structured
symmetrical crypto algorithm for data encoding, where original method of
generating and encoding procedure for the value of the secret key is used. The
secret key with the random value is the multiplicity of serial decimal digits.
This key is formed as a result of performing certain procedures entailed in the
algorithm by the legal subscribers of the corporate network and its value is
not known by service personnel. This algorithm enables to encode open text
composed from any number of symbols presented by decimal system of ASCII or
EBCDIC code. None of the real values of the parameters used in encoding procedures
are transmitted through connection line of the corporate network. Presented
algorithms are characterized by high crypto durability and speed. Tab. 4, Ref.
3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.17.
Design and technological bases of
robotization of sewing and shoe production. /T.
Uriadmkopheli/. Novation. – 2015. –
#15. – pp. 175-178. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The work
is devoted to the development of design and technological bases of robotization
of sewing and shoemak production. It is shown that the preparation of production
for robotization is connected with the following problems: 1) optimization and
development of engineering requirements to technological processes, 2) the
technological analysis of the objects of robotization, 3) preparation of
technical means (machinery and equipment) for imnplementing the robotization
processes, 4) assessment of quality of performance of technological operations
and transitions under conditions of robotization of production. Recommendations
for practical realization of the riobotization of sewing and shoemaking
production are formed. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.2.18.
Modeling of real time at management of business processes.
/T. Sukhiashvili/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.56 - 59. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Automation of management of business processes demands
creation of the distributed, multilevel systems which function in real time.
Therefore, when developing similar systems significantly representation of
temporary restrictions and the situation changes of individual objects in time.
At interaction in parallel of the proceeding processes, for development of
systems of desirable productivity, it is also necessary to provide temporary
restrictions between them. The temporary chart is applied to their modeling in
the unified language (UML 2). In article development of the temporary chart for
the different cases created in system and on their basis of means of the
analysis of system on the basis of UML technology is considered. Fig. 3, Ref.
2.
Auth.
b15.2.2.19.
Management of web services coordination via business-process execution
language. /E. Turkia, D. Kaliashvili/. Automated Control
Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). –
pp.60 - 64. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article presents modeling and implementation of software
via modern approaches of information technology. Discussed topics include
design of software by service-oriented architecture, business-process
automation through web-services, process modeling and Web services coordination
management using business processes Execution language. Business Process
Execution Language implements the execution of scenarios that are modeled in
the Business Process management notation. Practical examples of workflow and
court fee payment services in the court system are presented as scenarios. On
the basis of those services, remote objects modeling fragments in the
horizontal and vertical informational connection case using web services and
business process execution language are offered. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.2.20.
Operating performance of the project management.
/G. Nareshelashvili, T. Sherozia, I. Nacvlishvil/. Automated Control Systems. –
2015. – #1(19). – pp.65-68. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with the duration of the project
operational task. The main indicator is the project completion time. In cases
where the project predictable completion time will vary predictably, origins
need for operational management to complete the unfinished project. Realization
of this action require a certain expense or raises the optimal exposure to the
optimal activity. for the effectiveness criteria is used financial features,
which are dependent on duration of the project and expenses of the work. The
client must take into account the activity of the performer managers and their
salary should be coordinated with the client's interests. Such mechanism is
used as a material stimulation in the determined systems that operate in the
external and internal parameters in full awareness condition. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.2.21.
Review of used modulation equipment in wireless networks and authentication
mechanisms. /G. Gamdlishvili, V. Adamia/. Automated Control
Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). –
pp.69-73. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article presents flexible mechanisms of wireless
network communication, on which basis it is possible to use radio frequencies
as transmission media at the physical layer. Also given is how radio frequency
may carry data and which technologies are used. Several options of such
technology are presented. A number of wireless standards and their
corresponding radio frequencies are given. Also considered are the
authentication mechanisms. As a result, it is possible to build an efficient
wireless network as a platform of efficient, fast and reliable information
exchange. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.2.22.
Modern information security technologies in automated control systems.
/S. Pochovyan, O. Gabedava/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.79-82. – rus.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The modern information security technologies in
automated control systems required for efficient functioning of a company are
considered. The cloud computing information technology, the intrusion detection
and intrusion prevention systems, the client-server technology, the main task
of protecting information for the execution of business processes in the
company, as well as the structure of the automated control system of
information security of automated information management system are described.
Fig. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.2.23.
Micro controller in automatic plant watering system.
/O. Kartvelishvili/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.89-96. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The present document is dedicated to the development
of the micro controller based plant watering system. The system is opening
water valves with certain time intervals for certain periods in order to supply
plants with the necessary water quantity. Watering mode is depending on many
parameters, such as soil humidity, air temperature and water pressure in the
pipeline. After analysis of existing literature, we determined the exact
dependence of the watering mode on the mentioned parameters. The
microcontroller Atmega 128 is used
for processing the information received from sensors and for forming control
signals. It is connected to different external devices. The microcontroller
operation algorithm was developed and program in C language was written. Fig.
2, Ref. 18.
Auth.
b15.2.2.24.
Mobile microprocessor devices for the measurement of soil moisture and
temperature. /Z. Azmaifarashvili, S. Kolomikovi, V. Padiurashvili,
Z. Djoxaridze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.97-100. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
A device for measuring soil moisture and temperature
is considered. For farmers it is very important to know the humidity, acidity,
alkalinity and temperature of the soil of their land to enhance the growth and
fertility of plants. The microprocessor "thermohygrometer", an
algorithm, a block diagram, wiring mobile microprocessor as well as its
strengths and opportunities are presented so that the farmers could in any
weather determine the humidity and temperature of the soil. The device has
software as a memory chip storing all the information prior to taking the new data.
Fig. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.2.25.
Improvements of analytical automated tools for analysis of correlated risk
processes. /E. Turkia, N. Morozi/. Automated Control Systems. –
2015. – #1(19). – pp.105-110. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper presents research of existing in the
organization different risk type correlation accounting and monitoring
processes. Out of main risk types special attention is paid to operational
risk. By studying this risk different dependent risk subtypes are identified.
The functional model of risk analysis system is described, which introduces new
automated tools to measure and monitor correlated risks. The result of incident
and correlated risk measurement provides data source for risk realization forecast,
which makes possible to use forecasting methods. Usually, this type of analysis
in operational risk management models losses using Monte-Carlo method,
empirical distribution, Poisson, Weibull, Gamma, negative binomial, and other
distributions. This approach makes it possible to minimize the unexpected
events and provides for high efficiency in decision-making under uncertainty.
Fig. 5, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.2.26.
IP-fragmentation of packages and its implementation where the incoming ICMP
protocol is prohibited. /N. Bzhalava, L. Cholikidze, K.
Ovsianikov/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.183-186. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article shows criteria of fragmentation of packages
that are larger than the allowable MTU, its inevitability at the overloaded
network, the basic principles of fragmentation and a procedure for realization
both in a router and in a source device, in particular sequence of division and
the subsequent restoration of the broken pieces of packet by destination
device; the negative side of fragmentation by a router is shown. The mechanism
of PMTUD and the role of ICMP protocol in the process of fragmentation are
described in detail;. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.1.
The effective coefficient of stress concentration effect on the carrying
capacity of the shafts by the probabilistic assessment method. /N.
Bardzimashvili, G. Chelidze,
T. Shukakidze /. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp. 46-50.- geo.; abs.:
geo., rus., eng.
The work is devoted to the problem of the reliability
of shafts that are responsible elements of mechanical devices. It is proved
that the factors affecting the reliability of the shafts have the same physical
nature and dimension, which is determined by the corresponding formulas. The
effective coefficient of stresses and their distribution density are presented
as formulas. Fig. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.3.2.
Dynamic analysis of spherical crank-slider
mechanism with clearances applied as a cone crusher drive. /A. Talakvadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.67-72.- geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The work presents the advantages of application of a
spherical crank-slider mechanism with clearances applied as a cone crusher
drive in comparison with other drives and gives a brief analysis of dynamic
research. Also considered are the current dynamic processes in spherical
mechanisms that take place in the kinematic pairs with clearances. Fig. 2, Ref.
2.
Auth.
b15.2.3.3.
On the optimization of production process capability of multiple-head machine
tools and machining complexes. /N.Chholariya, T.
Mchedlishvili, V. Iobadze, Z. Gviniashvili, M. Kashibadze/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2014. –
#3(31). – pp.80-86.- rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
In modern mechanical engineering widely applied are
machine tools and machining complexes designated for the implementation of
multiple-head processing. In connection with the above of much importance are
the problems of optimization according to the performance criteria of
industrial processes interrelated with the reliability indices of cutting tools
as well as mechanisms and devices of operating equipment. The issues associated
with the basic regularities and optimization calculations of machine processes
are considered. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.3.4.
Development of optimal technology for swing joint of tools with one rigid
connection. /T.
Chkhaidze, G. Tsirekidze, T. Beridze, M. Dzidziguri/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2014. –
#3(31). – pp.115-121.- rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
Techology questions of perfecting assembly of swing
joint of tools with one rigid connection of tools, ensuring stable quality and
durability (patent No. 1332637, issued 22.04.1987, USSR) are considered. The
advantage is theoretically grounded using the theory of elasticity and wear.
The mathematical theory of elasticity upon resistance to rolling of two bodies
developed by N.I. Muskhelishvili is used. Fig. 4, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.3.5.
Determining the critical angle of slope upon slipping down of a self-loading
skidder and the soil hardness coefficient. /N.
Chelidze-Tkeshelashvili, G. Darakhvelidze, D.Mosulishvili, Z.Balamtsarishvili,
R. Tkemaladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.141-150.- geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Experimental researches to determine the topsoil
reaction force to the movable parts of the skidder and the traction coefficient
of the track and the corresponding results are considered. Fig. 4, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.3.6.
Determining the front resistance upon movement of a self-loading skidder. /N.
Chelidze-Tkeshelashvili, G.Darakhvelidze, D. Mosulishvili, Z. Balamtsarishvili,
R.Tkemaladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.151-158. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The process of track formation made by a self-loading
skidder, the track depth and resistance to tracking are studied. Tables and
diagrams illustrating changes in the soil hardness coefficient and the frontal
resistance forces depending on the track depth upon the loaded And unloaded
state of the tractor are compiled. Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.3.7.
The realization of inverse transforming mechanism in screen printing devices. /J. Uplisashvili, N. Natbiladze, G. Khatiashvili/.
Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). – pp. 85-88. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The utility model belongs to the field of polygraphic
industry, to screen printing devices in particular. The presented mechanism
provides an uneven movement of two props under conditions of one cycle. In
particular, it quickly moves when in non-operating condition, while its
pressure period during the printing process is sluggish. Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.8.
The ream cutter mechanism. /J. Uplisashvili, N. Natbiladze, G.
Khatiashvili/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). – pp. 89-92. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The designed utility model belongs to the branch of
polygraphic industry and can be used for cutting reams or cardboard or other or
any other non-metal materials. Its technical result lies in the simplification
of a design, cutting maintenance costs and a wide range of regulation of
cutting knife movements. Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.9.
Basics of rotoplaners’ circular feed drive design. /O.
Rukhadze/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). – pp. 164-172. – rus.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article briefly describes the design of a circular
drive of rotoplaners. Based on research and design projects, the alternating
cutting forces on a spindle assembly were fixed and a circular feed drive
facilitating machining of the heated bimetal blanks under the optimal cutting
conditions was designed. As a result of the drive study, the twisting rigidity
of the mechanism and the measures of its increase are determined. Tab. 1, Fig.
4, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.3.10. Design and investigation of the metalwork and foundations
for bridge mechanisms. /G. Purtskhvanidze, R.
Chabukiani, T. Uriadmkopeli, I. Purtseladze/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 48-51. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the design of the foundation
for the agricultural bridge mechanism and of the metalwork of the horizontal
truss for this mechanism. The materials and metalwork which would provide safe
and efficient operation of the bridge mechanism during its service are
discussed. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.11. Characteristics of the power sources of bridge mechanism
drives and selection of the best version. /G.
Purtskhvanidze, R. Chabukiani, I.Purtseladze/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 52-54. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the power sources of the drives
of agricultural bridge mechanisms. Both renewable and non-renewable power
sources are considered. The basic diagram and the operation of the bridge
mechanism drive are given. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.12.
Quantitative evaluation of the abrasive wear of a hydraulic turbine and the measures
of its control by the example of Racha hydro. /I.
Lomidze, G. Khelidze, A. Kantaria/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 44-47. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the quantitative evaluation of
the abrasive wear by the example of the Francis turbine of Racha Hydro
constructed on the River Ritseula (Georgia). The turbine operated for 1,248
hours under the conditions of high concentration (0.788 g/l), hardness (more
than 4 units of Mohs’ scratch hardness) and
content (55%) of solid particles in the water. Based on the instrumental
measurements and casts taken, the loss in weight of the metal in the areas
subjected to abrasive wear was determined. It made up 31.0 kg at the front
cover, 9.23 kg at the back cover and 3.99 kg at the guide vanes, which gave 44.22
kg in total. Comparing the obtained results with the literature data on the
results of investigations of the abrasive wear of hydraulic turbines of a
number of hydraulic power stations, it was established that the turbine of
Racha Hydro worked in a hazardous area from the wear standpoint (in accordance
with the head and the concentration of solid particles). These circumstances
determined putting the turbine under repair after half a year of its operation.
Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.3.13. Investigation of the
mechanical-technological parameters of the technological module of the bridge
mechanism. /G. Purtskhvanidze, I. Purtseladze/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 25-28. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with
the investigation of basic mechanical-technological parameters of the
technological module of the bridge mechanism and the basics of design of the
corresponding units. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.3.14.
Automatic machine for processing
rod-shaped billets. /N. Sakhanberidze/. Novation. –
2015. – #15. – pp. 62-68. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In modern metallurgical factories,
laboriousness of preparatory operations and dimensional treatment depends on
the existence of a reserve of billets. Material saving, an increase in
productivity, the machined surface quality, the cutting-down of size processing
and reuse of waste are achievable by the improvement of preparatory operations.
This is especially important for production of titanium, high-temperature,
corrosion-resistant and other special steels and alloys. The work, given the
above-mentioned conditions, justifies advantages of the designed automatic
rod-shaped billet processing machine against the machines working by
traditional methods and presents its kinematic scheme.
Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.15.
Processing of glass-reinforced sheet
thermoplastics. /N. Kheladze, Tc. Geguchadze, D.
Kiria/. Novation. – 2015. – #15.
– pp. 69-72. – rus.; abs.: rus., eng., geo.
The work
studies some stages of processing glass-reinforced sheet thermoplastics-cutting,
heating, stamping and mechanic processing. Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.16.
Research and development of
installations for unloading bulk cargo. /K.
Zhumadilov, E. Musaev, A. Yussupov/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 204-209. – rus.; abs.: rus., eng., geo.
The article deals with a study of dumpers for unloading bulk cargo. The
advantages and disadvantages of existing designs are analyzed a better design
of the car dumper developed by the author is proposed. Fig. 4. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.3.17.
A pure plastic bending of circular
plates. /V. Sokhadze/. Transactions
of Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp. 9-14. - geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Based
on application of the elastic-plastic bending theory of a thin plate, any contour-supported
thin plate under action of uniformly distributed load p has been studied. For simplicity, the bending problem of
asymmetrically loaded circular plates, whose solution is reduced to an
integration of ordinary differential equation is considered. The circumstance
that on bending of a circular plate the state on the entire area is pure
plastic should also be taken into account. The pure plastic bending of simply
contour-fixed and contour-supported plates, on which acts the uniformly
distributed on the entire area load p or
the load p uniformly distributed on
the radius d circle area. The values
of critical load are obtained. The load, during which the pure plastic state is
established in the centre of the plate and on the whole plate, is taken as the
critical load. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b2.4. Chemical engineering and
technologies
b15.2.4.1. High–temperature
oxidation kinetics of the chromium–aluminium stainless steel. /O. Mikadze, I. Nakhutsrishvili, N. Maisuradze, G.
Mikadze/. Transactions of Technical University of Georgia. –
2015. – #1(495). – pp.47-50. - geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
complex parabolic law was found to be the most suitable for describing the
high–temperature oxidation behavior of chromium–aluminum stainless steel
containing cerium and zirconium. On the basis of the oxide growth equation, the
linear and parabolic constants were calculated and high–temperature theoretical
curves that can predict the tendency of a real process were constructed. Fig.
2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.4.2. Physical
and chemical forecast of glass formation from some compositions of the quinary
borosilicate systems. /A. Sarukhanishvili, V.
Gordeladze, N. Andguladze, L. Ebanoidze/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp. 51-57. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The
study suggests how the tendency of glass formation from Na2CO3 –
SrCo3 – BaCo3 –
H3BO3 – SiO2 system
compositions can be detected by the chemical and physical indicators. Relying
on the structural and kinetic theories of the process, the relevant approach to
glass formation was defined and tested. The make-up of the compositions was
theoretically determined by taking the invariant points of the simple systems
included in the quinary one as the reference point. The results of the analysis
of the glass-formation trend of the compositions based on the physical and
chemical indicators correspond to the experimentally obtained ones. Tab. 2,
Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.4.3. A measuring device for chemical
micro concentrations in natural waters. /V.Padiurashvili, T.
Dzagania, R. Semionov, K. Makhashvili, A. Dolidze, N. Iashvili/. GEN. – 2014. –
#3. – pp. 58-60. – geo.; abs.: eng.
There are the methods of determination of the
coagulant in drinking water and appropriate devices that are just for measuring
the big doses of the coagulant (or flocculent), i.e. for determination of
significant changes in the electroconductivity of drinking water. A new method
of determining the micro-concentration of the coagulant in drinking water and
the design of the device are offered. The operation of the device is described.
Fig.1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.4.4.
Development of the
technology of recovery of heavy metals from the waste waters of the galvanic
process. /Ts. Kurtskhalia, N. Enukidze, Z. Simonia, M.
Nadirashvili, N. Chkhaidze, G. Pavliashvili, K. Makhashvili/. GEN. – 2014. –
#4. – pp.62-67. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with
the recovery of heavy metals from the waste waters of the galvanic process. For
this purpose, electrodialysis with ion-exchange membranes and cavitation were
used. The developed technology provides: 1. Concentration of metals from the
waste waters, the concentrate volume being not more than 7-10% of the water
under treatment. 2. Recovery of metals from the concentrate as hydroxides,
which represent raw materials for pigment production; their purity degree is
90-97%. The proposed technology is practically waste-free. Fig. 1, Tab. 6, Ref.
1.
Auth.
b15.2.4.5. Optimization
of the process of obtaining barium using a laboratory device of periodical
action. /V. Rukhadze, I. Kamushadze, M. Kukhalashvili/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 192-195. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Based on
the findings of the previous studies the main levels of the factors were
selected. As a result of checking the playback of the experiments (G Table
0.96 > G0,58) dispersion (S2 Exp. = 0.55) and realized
matrix were calculated. The coefficients of the regression equation have been
calculated. The analysis of the regression coefficients shows that production
of barium carbonate significantly depends on the duration of the process. The
obtained regression equation was checked using Fisher criteria. The adequacy of
the model of the abovementioned process was indicated. Tab. 2, Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.2.4.6. The
feature of dyeing modified and unmodified wool by natural pigments. /L.Khvadagiani, K.Goginovi, M.
Sharabidze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 196-199. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The features of dyeing
modified and unmodified wool by natural pigments are studied. During the dyeing
was revealed that color tone, intensity and resistance of colorings to washing,
wet and dry friction depend on pH of the environment, temperature and time of
dyeing. The analysis of results of dyeing with red and yellow pigments showed
that for receiving intensity and saturated coloring dyeing should be carried
out in the alkaline environment, at the room temperature within 2 hours. Thus,
intensity of coloring and quality of dyeing of the modified wool is better than
at not modified fiber. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.5.1.
Sandy-polymeric composites development prospects. /J.Gagoshidze,
Z.Bogvelishvili/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). –
pp.159-163. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Production of sand-polymeric materials makes it
possible not only to re-enable commercialization of a large amount of plastic
waste, but also to renounce the use of scarce cement today. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.5.2.
Study on the fabric surface coated with a bio-composition. /O.
Pailodze, O. Metreveli/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 123-127. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with medicinal tissues coated with
bio-compositions. It was revealed that, when the 10% bio-composition was used,
the pores were not completely closed. It is important, because, if the pores
are completely closed, the greenhouse effect could take place, which will
promote the development of undesirable microorganisms under the tissue. The
discrete distribution of the bio-composition on the tissue surface makes the
tissue. Fig. 9, Tab. 2, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.5.3.
Cleaning of the surface, layers and bottom of water bodies polluted with
petroleum and petroleum products. /Z. Molodinashvili, N.
Khetsuriani, Q. Goderdzishvili, E. Usharauli, E. Topuria, I. Mchedlishvili,
M.Chkhaidze/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 55-57. – eng.; abs.: rus.
The paper deals with the development of the technology
of simultaneous cleaning of the surface, layers and bottom of water bodies
polluted with petroleum and petroleum products, and the obtaining and
investigation of a new polymeric composite matrix. For water treatment, a polyacrylamide
gel fraction was used. With its help, the sorption of 85% of the petroleum
substrate during 168 hours was performed. Fig. 1, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.2.5.4.
The effect of thickness correlation of weld parts on the spot location. /A.
Sulamanidze, M. Kapanadze, A. Metreveli/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 44-47. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
On the basis of reference sources, the following
inference was made: from the moment of imbalance of thickness to a certain
value of correlation δ2/δ1>1, the liquid core
gradually shifts into the thickness of the thick model; and it later forms in
the middle of summary thickness of welded samples. With an increasing certain
value of thickness correlation, the liquid core returns back and it may come up
to the surface of the thin model. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.5.5.
Investigation of the process of crystallization of fine-dispersed
zeolite materials. /N. Dolaberidze, V.
Tsitsishvili, M. Nizharadze, N. Mirdzveli, M. Alelishvili/. GEN. – 2015. – #1. –
pp. 93-95. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Hydrothermal
crystallization in the system of a zeolite-containing rock (AG) and a
mineralizable agent (NaOH) were studied. Some regularities of the process of
crystallization were established, which provided the basis for a new method of
production of a fine-dispersed faugazite-type material. The parameters of the
process of crystallization were determined. This provided the formation of a
stable crystallization medium and its high reproducibility. Tab. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.5.6.
On the question of profitability of
winter concreting technology . /R. Brzhanov/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 200-203. – rus.; abs.: rus., eng., geo.
The
economic features of winter concreting are considered. The effect of materials
and technology on the cost of concrete is demonstrated. Tab. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.6.1. Hardware security classification level indicator raising in medical engineering. /L. Petriashvili, N. Gogilidze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.83 - 88. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Medical devices play a vital role in the delivery of
high quality healthcare. Although recent technological advancements have led to
much more reliable and safer medical devices, potential risks of failure and
the associated adverse incidents cannot be neglected. Medical device (MD)
recalls by manufacturers contribute to the safe function of the devices, in
order to avoid incidents that could lead to injuries and deaths. The results
reveal that almost half of the medical devices being recalled make use of
software for their operation, dictating the growing role of the software in the
domain of medical equipment. Furthermore, four out of every ten medical devices
incorporating software have failed due to a problem in the software itself,
while compared to the total FDA MD recalls this reaches 18.3% of software
failures during this period. The present recalls analysis has demonstrated
significant increase of MD software failures during the last decade, compared
to previous studies. Fig. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.6.2. The role of ultrasonography diagnosis of acute
appendicitis. /T.Ivanishvili, D. Tatanashvili, K. Shapatava, T. Abuladze, D.
Makhashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works.
– 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.87 – 89. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Nowadays
acute appendicitis is an actual moot point of surgery. Every year 10% of
population gets sick of this pathology. In case of delay in treatment the quantity
is 0,2-0,3%. Since 2010 there has been made 7890 appendectomy in Georgia
(mortality 0,01).the desired result, in our opinion, successes in acute
appendicitis diagnostics – as ultrasonography necessarily engaging, which is
quicker, limited research, low price method of treatment. Ultrasound
examination result means the next visit to CT and MRI researches. Fig. 2, Ref.
12.
Auth.
b15.2.6.3. Determination of some
antipsychotic drugs in human plasma by liquid chromatography – tandem mass
spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). /N.Imnadze, K.Sivsivadze, T. Murtazashvili, M. Jokhadze, P.
Tushurashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.89–92. – eng.; abs.: geo.
A
selective and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of olanzapine
(OLZ) and risperidon (RIP) in human plasma was developed, based on liquid
chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method was
subsequently applied to in vitro plasma samples. The developed methods give the
opportunity of rapid and simultaneous determination of olanzapine and
risperidon in forensic investigation of intoxication or postmortem cases. Fig.
3, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.2.6.4.
Clinical-dermatoscopic parallels in differential diagnostics of actinic
keratosis and squamous cell invasive carcinoma.
/N. Kiladze, T. Shulaia, A. Katsitadze, M. Matoshvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.97 – 99.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
Dermatoscopy
improves the diagnostic accuracy for melanocytic and non-melanocytic pigmented
lesions compared with inspection with the unaided eye but for non-pigmented
lesions, the description of criteria is still not as advanced as for pigmented
lesions. A recent study was focused on study of clinical and dermatoscopic
peculiarities of actinic keratosis (36 cases) and squamous cell invasive
carcinoma (9 cases) both limited to facial location. Were characterizes the
dermatoscopic features of these units in accordance to algorithmic method based
on pattern analyze which made possible to differentiate them and plan the
proper direction of treatment and prognosis. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b2.7. Environmental engineering
b15.2.7.1. Possibility
of CO2 emission reduction at Kutaisi municipal buildings. /I. Pkhaladze/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp.27-33. - geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
For
slowing down the climate change and improving the ecological conditions in big cities,
the European Union launched the covenant of mayors initiative (Com), according
to which the local and regional authorities make commitments for reducing Co2
emissions by 20% for 2020 year by employing Ee and Re technologies. The Kutaisi
Municipality became a Com signatory city in 2011. Based on a study results
produced under the USAID/EC-Leds Program, as well as by employing energy
efficiency measures and introducing effective energy management the annual
achievable savings in the Kutaisi building sector can stand at 115 200 000 Kw/H
of energy, which is 25,24% (456 300 000 kW/h per/annum) of the baseline energy
consumption. Respectively the amount of CO2 emissions reductions on
an annual basis will stand at 20 750 tons, which equals to (82 545 t/a) 25, 14%
compared to the baseline year. Tab. 2, Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.2.7.2. Identification
of the models of time series of technical systems of Enguri HPP. /M. Meskhi, S. Piralishvili, R. Inadze/. Transactions
of Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp.34-41. - geo.;
abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
identification process of models of transmission function of the technical
systems of reservoir and dam of Enguri HPP is given on the basis of an analysis
of autocorrelation and cross correlation functions of the periodic time series
indicators of the water in the reservoir and tiltmeter. The received
autoregressive multiplicatoral type models allow determining the response time
of the dam in the reservoir on water level fluctuations. Fig. 3, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.7.3. Evaluation
of parameters and diagnostical examination of adequacy of time series of Enguri
HPP technical systems. /M.
Meskhi, S. Piralishvili, R. Inadze/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp.42-46. - geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
Using
the least-squares method, the parameters of transmission function’s identified
model of time series of water level indicators in reservoir and tiltmeter of
Enguri dam are established. The diagnostic verification of the multiplicatorial
model of autocorrelation of residual error and x2 criterion confirmed the adequacy of the model. Tab.
1, Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.7.4. On the dynamic synthesis of a multiplanimetric electro-hydraulic servo
system. /I. Romanadze, T. Kapanadze, L. Marsagishvili, N.
Nakashidze, V.Tkeshelashvili./. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. –
#3(31). – pp.15-20.- rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
A functional diagram of the control system of
structurally complex electro-hydraulic servo system is given; block diagrams
and transfer functions with the included in the structure of the system of
successive correcting links are built. The paper considers also the problem of
dynamic synthesis associated with the introduction into the structure of a
feedback system with parallel correction link. Fig. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.7.5. The action of a marine consistent grease on its performance attributes.
/T. Gelashvili, G. Archvadze, E. Gegeshidze, R. Tskvaradze, I. Chkhetia/.
Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp. 51-60.- geo.; abs.:
geo., rus., eng.
Based on peculiar features of the grease structure,
its performance attributes are particularly sensitive to the main components
(base oil, thickener, admixtures and modifiers) and the physico-chemical
properties of the grease. This creates good prospects for changing the grease
properties at a wide range through rational compounding and targeted control of
the grease properties. Tab. 4. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.7.6. Assessment of the readiness index of natural gas regulatory stations
based on natural data. /D. Namgaladze, G. Sanikidze/. GEN.
– 2014. – #4. – pp. 55-58. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the assessment of the reliability
of Gas Regulatory Stations based on natural data. As is known, in the phase of
planning as well as during the exploitation, it is crucial to assess the
readiness index. In particular, the probability distribution density function
for the readiness index is defined for the case of uniform distribution during
proper work and normal restoration time. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.7.7. The era of synthetic fuels is
drawing near. Part I. /A. Porchkhidze/.
Novation. – 2015.– #15. – pp. 11-14. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
A rather
urgent issue of the future of synthetic fuels is considered. The opinions are
both apocalyptic and optimistic. The advocates of the former opinion think that
mankind will face the oil resource depletion, energy consumption interruption and
economic regress; the optimistic experts opine on increasing the share of
renewable energy sources. The prospects of using alternative energy sources and
gradual transfer to synthetic fuels are considered. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.7.8. The area of synthetic fuels is
drawing near.
Part II. /A. Porchkhidze/. Novation. – 2015.– #15. –
pp.15-18. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
exothermal reactions ranging as potential energy sources are discussed. By the
examples of oxidation reaction of acetylene and some metals it is shown that
the thermal effect of the oxidative exothermal reactions is so great that it
can cover the expenses. The main effects of the exothermal reactions and the
use of synthetic fuels to generate energy are discussed. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.2.7.9. Realzation
of a problem of vibroacoustical diagnostics of technical conditions of hidro
power units in MathCad. /N. Kopaliani, O. Zivzivadze, D.
Dzadzamia/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 232-238. – geo.; abs.: geo .,eng.,
rus.
In article
realization of a problem of vibroacoustic diagnostics of technical states of
hydrî-power units in MathCad is considered. Given in a general view are a
theoretical problem definition, stages of process of diagnosing and the flow
chart. The main components are considered: database, knowledge base,
decision-making and diagnostics. The structural and investigative model, the
table of possible operational defects and the corresponding symptoms are
considered, such, for example, as part of the MathCad’s document, in which one
of diagnosing procedures – decision-making is shown. Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b2.9. Industrial Biotechnology
b15.2.9.1.
Variations of bioactive substances in
red wines produced by different technological techniques of enzyme maceration.
/N. Ebelashvili, L. Shubladze, I. Kekelidze/. GEN. –
2014. – #3. – pp. 72-74. – eng.; abs.: rus.
Biologically active substances play a crucial role in
the evaluation of red wine quality. Their concentration is greatly influenced
by the grape variety, grape growing site and the applied technological
techniques of enzyme maceration. The authors have elaborated a technological
technique of maceration for preparation of red wines enriched with biologically
active substances. By using the HPLC method it was established that the
application of the technology of production of red wines we offer provides much
more extraction of bioactive substances: catechins, phenolcarbonic acids,
flavonols, vanillin, non-substituted amino acids, etc., as compared with the
existing one. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 14.
Auth.
b15.2.9.2.
Treatment of skin cancer with 5-fluorouracyl deposited in biodegradable
polyesteramide: 1. Fabrication of the bio-composite and study on the
controllable release of the medicine. /N. Kublashvili, N.
Kupatadze, D. Tugushi, N. Kutsiava, R. Katsarava/. GEN. – 2015. – #1. – pp.
114-119. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the fabrication of the polymeric
bio-composite containing an anticarcinogenic preparation 5-FU. The
bio-composite was characterized by a calorimetric analysis. The kinetics of
release of 5-FU deposited in the composite was studied in vitro experiments for both enzyme-free and enzyme
(tripsine)-containing preparations. The rate of release of deposited 5-FU was
within the acceptable limits for obtaining a desirable therapeutic effect. Fig.
4, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.2.9.3.
Freezing of biological systems, freezing membranes and cell water. /M.
Oziashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba.
– 2015. – #1(11). –
pp. 88-91. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper emphasis the
close relations between the responses of cells to freezing end the properties
of cell membranes. It is the surface membrane that prevents it from nucleating
cell of temperatures above about -100 to -200 C and it is
the permeability of that membrane to water that is the main determiner of
whether cells will equilibrate by dehydration or by intracellular freezing at
lower temperatures. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.9.4.
Ways of bioconversion of vegetable substances.
/G. Eliava, T. Tsintsadze, L. Topuria, E. Topuria/. Gaenati Herald. – 2015. –
vol. II,#4. – pp. 19-27. – geo.;
abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Bioconversion of vegetable substances –
cellulose-lignin and starch-containing materials and waste is considered as a
major problem. The significant part of vegetable biomass is used only
partially. For the purposes of solution of above-mentioned problem various
methods are used: application of new, active strains-producers, acid and
enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, optimization of hardware that will promote
bioconversion of vegetable raw materials into other products. Fig. 2, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.9.5.
Peculiarities of operation of flotation machines in the manufacture of food
yeasts. /G. Eliava, T. Buachidze, L. Topuria, E. Topuria/.
Gaenati Herald. – 2015. – vol. II, #4.
– pp. 28-40. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Among the methods of separation and thickening of
yeast cells the flotation method holds a special place. Application of
flotation method assists the reduction of capital investments that is essential
for high-capacity productions. For enhancement of the effect of flotation
separation it is necessary to take measures for expanding the surface area of
two contact phases that can be reached by super fine dispersion of the air. It
is also necessary to select the race, genus of jeasts, their quality and also
an optimization of chemical composition of culture liquid should be made.
Raising of efficiency of flotation is a multilateral process, that is why for
its improvement it is necessary to perfect the engineering process as well as
the quality of biological material and optimize the composition of culture
liquid. Fig.2, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.2.9.6.
Formation of the phenolic compounds in the tissue culture of Rhododendron caucasicum Pall. /D.
Bagratishvili, R. Jikia/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of
Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.–
pp. 85–88. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
Callus cultures are obtained from the leaf and stem of
Rhododendron caucasicum PALL. growing
at passages. The primary callus was formed in 10-15 days on Heller’s modified
nutrient medium. For selection of the best conditions of growth for the callus,
different concentrations of some nutrient medium components were tested. It was
found that 5 and 10mg/l of 2,4D supported tissue growth, while 0.5mg/l
suppressed it. Kinetin suppressed growth in both 1 and 5mg/l concentrations.
The yeast extract of 1000–2000mg/l and 20mg/l of mioinositol increased the
yield of biomass, while 100 mg/ l of yeast extract and 2mg/l of mioinositol decreased
it. Three phases of callus growth were identified: monotonous (up to 20 days),
linear (20-40 days) and reduced (40-50 days). Besides, the stem callus
outstripped the leaf tissue in growth. Preliminary analysis showed that the
rhododendron leaf and stem cultures maintain the ability to synthesize
biologically active phenolic compounds typical of an intact plant. However,
their amount and composition were considerably less in callus tissues, which is
characteristic of most cultures. The content of phenolic compounds is 4-5 % of
dry weight. Besides, the main part (85-90%) consists of (+) catechin,
(-)epicatechin and proanthocyanidines. Fig. 3, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.2.9.7.
Comparison of antimicrobial activity of
green tea catechines. /T. Khutsidze/. Novation.
– 2015. – #15. – pp. 210-213. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Sample was
compared to green tea and 80% catechine antimicrobial drugs activities. It has
been determined that the antimicrobial activity of catechines reveals much
more. It indicates that it is the main active compounds in green tea extract
antimicrobial agents. Tab. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.9.8.
Getting concentrate from rough and
specification tea leaf, by treatment gaseous carbon dioxide pressure in the
area. /M. Fruidze, E. Bendeliani, Sh. Chakvetadze/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 214-218. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
article deals with the technology of getting a concentrate from rough and
specification tea leaf by treatment with gaseous carbon dioxide pressure in the
area. Processing of tea leaves produced in the area of 1-3 MPa pressure.
Instant falling of pressure on the tea leaves caused the damage of membranes of
organelles. All these processes contributed to increase the pressure from tea
leaves and the output of extractive substances. Tab. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.9.9.
Optimization for the production of
granulated tea with anti-radiation activity. /K.
Sirbiladze, G. Gorgodze, N. Tsutskiridze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp.
228-231. – rus.; abs.: rus., eng., geo.
By using
the matrix for central composite rotatable design and Lagrange’s method of
undetermined multipliers, there are obtained the adequate regression equations
for granulation process of plant composition of tea with anti-radiation
activity, as well as the optimal values of factors and appropriate optimization
parameters influencing the process. Fig. 1. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.9.10.
Round medication Gymnospermium
smirnowii (Trautv.) takht, (Leontice
smirnowii Trautv). /N. Tabatadze, B. Tabidze, M. Getia, V. Mshvildadze, G. Dekanosidze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v.
XLVIII. - pp.135–138. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Gymnospermium smirnowii (Trautv.) Takht, (Leontice
smirnowii Trautv)(Fam. Berberidaceae) is an endemic
plant of Georgia. The tubers of this plant contain a large amount
of alkaloids and triterpen saponins and are well-known in traditional
medicine as anti-tuberculosis remedies. The present paper describes the
chemical content of crude extracts, the isolation and chemical
elucidation of triterpene saponins. Three new
glycoside-leonticins I, J and L along with four known ones were
isolated from the tubers of the plant. The structures were
established by means of spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR
experiments (DEPT, gs-COSY, gs-HMQC, gs-HMBC), mass spectrometry
(HR-ESI-MS). The aglycon 3â-hydroxy-30-norolean-12, 20
(29)-dien-28-oic acid was observed for the first time in Leontice
species. Antifungal, antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities
of the extracts and monodesmosidic compounds were investigated
in vitro experiments. Fig. 1, Ref. 28.
Auth.
b15.2.9.11.
Biological active triterpene glycosides
from Cephalaria gigantea. /N. Tabatadze, J. Aneli, B. Tabidze, M. Getia, N. Mushkiashvili,
V. Mshvildadze, G. Dekanosidze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.138 – 141. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
Cephalaria gigantea - an endemic plant of
Caucasus contains a great variety of biological active compounds: triterpene
saponins, alkaloids, phenols and is well-known in traditional medicine as
sedative, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsive remedies. The plant is
widespread in different regions of Georgia: Imereti, Ajara, Samtskhe-Javakhethi,
Kakheti, and there are sufficient stocks of plant material for creating a safe
and effective medicinal form. The present paper describes the isolation and
chemical elucidation of pharmacologically active triterpene glycosides and
alkaloids. 11 individual monodesmosidic and bidesmosidic triterpene saponins
have been isolated from the roots of Cephalaria using the effective
methods of extraction and separation. Their structures were established by
means of spectroscopic methods. Antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory,
antiplazmodial, cytotoxic and anticonvulsive activities of the extracts and
individual compounds were investigated. On the basis of the obtained results a
watery extract from the roots of the plant was proposed as a potent
anticonvulsive drug form. Fig.1, Ref. 25.
Auth.
b15.2.9.12.
Cyclamen - source of triterpen glycosides against of
sinusitis. /B. Tabidze, N. Tabatadze,
M. Getia, V. Mshvildadze, G. Dekanosidze/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.141–143.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
Cyclamen vernum and C. adzharicum are
widespread species of Georgian flora, which are characterized with high
constituent of triterpen glycosides. In traditional medicine the tubers of cyclamen were used for the treatment
of inflammations and sinusitis. The present review article describes isolation
and structure elucidation (by using modern spectral methods) of 9 individual
glycosides from the tubers of Cyclamen
vernum and C. adzharicum. HPLC method for qualitative
and quantitative determination of triterpen saponins was developed; antifungal,
antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the extracts
and enriched fractions were investigated. The obtained results showed mucolytic and
antisinusitis efficiency of the triterpene glycosides from the tubers of Cyclamen L.
An increased reflective reaction of respiratory mucous membranes and
stimulation of the nasal cave’s epithelium secretion were indicated. High activities of
sero-mucolytic
glandules were responsible for intensive drainage of paranasal caves.
Ref. 21.
Auth.
b15.2.9.13. Accumulation of copper and zinc by wheat (Tritium) and barley (Hordeum). /A. Rcheulishvili, E. Ginturi, O. Rcheulishvili, L.
Tugushi, N. Rcheulishvili, E. Gelagutashvili/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. –
pp. 107-110. – geo.
Accumulation of copper and zinc by wheat (Tritium)
and barley (Hordeum) and their
components in the process of growth were studied, when soil was enriched
Cu and Zn. Cu and Zn accumulation in
general were observed in roots of these
agriculture. Fig. 2, Tab. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.9.14. Study of some features of accumulation of
silver, cadmium and mercury in cellular growth dynamics of algae Spirulina platensis. /N. Kuchava/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp.
111-116. – geo.
Features of accumulation of silver, cadmium and
mercury are studied in the cellular growth dynamics of algae Spirulina platensis. Fig. 6, Ref. 11.
Ed.
b15.2.10.1. Distribution of the current carriers in
the inversion channel of nanowire based FETs. /F. Gasparyan, S. Vitusevich/. Nano Studies. – 2014. –
#10. – pp. 5-10. – eng.
The current carrier distribution in the inversion
layer of the nanowire based field-effect transistor is analyzed using classical
and quantum-mechanical evaluation of carrier distribution. It is shown, that in the inversion channel of
the nanosize FET based bio-chemical sensors, there are significant differences
between charge carrier distributions forms in classical and quantum-mechanical
approaches. This difference can have strong influence on the carrier transport.
In classical approach the charge carrier distribution has maximum at the front
oxide-nanowire interface, whereas in the quantum-mechanical approach the
maximum displaces away from the interface. The value of the electron concentration increases with increasing of the
gate voltage as well as its maximum relocates closer to the front
oxide-nanowire interface. Majority of
the electrons concentrates near the front oxide surface and occupies the region from 1 to 2nm. This fact should
be taken into account for designing submicron devices and sensors. Those
results can be useful for deep insight and for accurate qualitative and quantitative
description of the physical processes taking place in the electrolyte-gated
nanowire FETs based sensors. Classical and quantum-mechanical models of
electron charge distribution can be applied to find appropriate description of
physical phenomena, which takes place in FETs. Fig. 3, Ref. 21.
Auth.
b15.2.10.2. Phase
transitions and multi-layered nature of martensite structures in shape memory
alloys. /O. Adiguzel/. Nano Studies. –
2014. – #10. – pp. 11-16. – eng.
Shape memory alloys take place in a class of
functional materials by exhibiting a peculiar property called shape memory
effect. This property is characterized by the recoverability of desired shape
on the material at different conditions. Shape memory effect is based on
martensitic transformation, and comprises a reversible transition from product
martensite to parent austenitic phase.
Martensitic transformation occurs in thermal manner, on cooling the materials
from high temperature parent phase region. Thermal induced martensite called self-accommodated
martensite or multivariant martensite occurs as multivariant martensite in
self-accommodating manner and consists of lattice twins. Shape memory alloys
are deformed in low temperature martensitic phase condition, and deformation
proceeds through a martensite variant reorientation. Copper based alloys
exhibit this property in metastable β-phase region. Martensitic transformations occur by two or more
lattice invariant shears on a {110}-type plane of austenite matrix which is
basal plane or stacking plane for martensite, as a first step, and the
transformed region consists of parallel bands containing alternately two
different variant. Lattice invariant shears occur with cooperative movement of
atoms less than interatomic distances on {110}-type close packet plans of
austenite matrix. The lattice invariant shears occurs, in two opposite
directions, <110>-type directions on the {110}-type basal planes and this
kind of shear can be called as {110} <110>-type mode and has 24 variants
in self-accommodating manner. Fig. 4, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.2.10.3. Features of changes in electron
concentration in n-Si crystals irradiated with high-energy protons. /T. Pagava, L. Chkhartishvili, N. Maisuradze, D.
Khocholava, M. Beridze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 17-20. – rus.
There are studied the zone-melting n-Si single
crystals with electron concentration of 5*10^13cm^–3. These samples were
irradiated with 25MeV protons within the dose range (1.8–9.0)*10^11cm^–2 at
room temperature (300K). The studies were conducted using the Hall measurement
method in the temperature range of (77–300)K. It was found that increasing in
the electron concentration values within the above specified range with dose of
irradiation and reaches values of about 10^14cm^–3. The increase in electron
concentration with increasing in radiation dose seems to be associated with
radiation annealing of nanoscale growth defects of vacancy-type and releasing
the phosphorus dopant atoms blocked inside these defects. Radiation annealing,
i.e. destruction, of growth defects of vacancy-type takes place due to their
interaction with interstitial silicon atoms, which together with other point
defects are generated during the irradiation. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.10.4. On boron nitride coating of metals. /B. Kaftanoglu, N. Dokmetas, A. Ozhan, T. Hacaloglu,
M. Kılıckan/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 21-28. – eng.
BN coatings are obtained with the method of Radio
Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique on different substrates. for RF
technique, a Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) system from target to substrate is
used. BN coating formations are investigated on varies substrates such as AISI
D2 Steel, 316 L steel, optical glasses, Ti implants, aluminum, copper and
germanium. Compositional, structural and mechanical measurements and analysis
are performed for the characterization of coatings by using CaloTest®,
Filmetrics F20 Thin-Film Analyzer Device®, step profilometer, Scratch tester,
Tribometer tester, Nanoindentation tester, FTIR, AFM and profilometer. From
investigations conducted, it is found that BN films thickness varies from
nanometer range to several microns. Also, it is observed that BN coatings are
obtained in different allotropes (polymorphs) such as a-BN, e-BN, r-BN, w-BN,
t-BN and h-BN structures besides c-BN structures. The effects of
microstructural constitution on the tribological properties are investigated.
Generally, it is found that there is good adhesion and lower friction because
of having more than one structure. According to deposition parameters, in some
cases hardness is found to increase or decrease. Fig. 10, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.10.5. Smart nanotechnology systems as
interdependence factor of humans, technology and environment. /M. Janelidze, G. Janelidze, T. Berikashvili, A.
Janelidze, G. Loladze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 29-32. – geo.
In spite of other modern scientific
achievements, nanotechnologies have substantially changed the approach to the
criminalistics and have made it possible the rethinking of the complex
phenomena, which serve for the basis of human factor in the system of security
studies. Human factor, its adaptation to the conditions characteristic of
complex technical systems, and also determination of the human emotional,
psychological and behavioral features in extreme conditions belong to class of
issues actual for studies. Fig.
2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.10.6. Field-induced magnetization in
nanostructures with strong spin–orbit interaction. /M. Krupa, A. Korostil/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. –
pp. 33-52. – eng.
The field-induced impact on magnetic nanostructures
with a large spin-orbit interaction, consisting in magnetization reversal under
ultra-short circularly polarized laser pulses or unipolar electric field pulses
are studied. Using the magneto-optical method and a pump-probe technique based
on the Kerr and Faraday effects, we have established features and conditions of
the magnetization reversal in magnetic nanostructures under femtosecond
circularly polarized laser pulses. It is shown that mechanisms of such the
laser-induced impact is a complex process of laser-induced thermal
demagnetization of magnetic sub-lattices with subsequent biasing by internal
magnetic fields of different nature. The interfacial voltage-controlled magnetic
anisotropy in magnetic nanostructures is studied. In the framework of the
model, based on the Stoner magnetization and the Rashba spin-orbit interaction
the conditions of the electric control of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
and the magnetization switching are considered. Fig. 8,
Ref. 27.
Auth.
b15.2.10.7. Spiropyran containing liquid crystal
systems to create a new type of micellar nanocontainers. /L. Devadze,
J. Maisuradze, G. Petriashvili, Ts. Zurabishvili, N. Sepashvili, I. Mzhavanadze/.
Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 53-60. – eng.
The spiropyran containing liquid crystal systems
useful to create a new type of micellar nanocontainers is described. Fig. 3,
Ref. 18.
Ed.
b15.2.10.8. Magneto-optical and optical properties of
ion implanted (YBiCaSm)3(FeGeSi)5O12 garnet
films. /L. Kalandadze/. Nano Studies. –
2014. – #10. – pp. 61-66. – eng.
We have investigated the optical and magneto-optical
properties of the ion-implanted (YBiCaSm)_3(FeGeSi)_5O_12 garnet films. It has
shown that ion implantation influences significantly the magneto-optical
properties of the garnet films and practically does not change its optical
characteristics. In the proceeding, we have researched the magneto-optical
properties of ion-implanted (YBiCaSm)_3(FeGeSi)_5O_12 garnet films after it was
annealed at 270^oC. This kind of the experiment is particularly interesting in
the matter of annealing process as it reduces the implantation defects and
restores crystalline structure of ferrite-garnet. We have also determined the
spectral dependences of the component of the tensor of dielectric permittivity
for the surface of the ferrite-garnet films before and after implantation
process. These calculations let us evaluate the influence of implantation on an
electronic energy structure of the surface layer for the sample. Fig. 6, Ref.
7.
Auth.
b15.2.10.9. Physical properties of conducting diamond
like carbon nanostructure films transparent in the visible range of light,
deposited on silicon. /Zh. Panosyan, S. Voskanyan, Ye. Yengibaryan,
M. Azaryan, A. Sahakyan, H. Yeritsyan, V. Harutyunyan/. Nano Studies. – 2014. –
#10. – pp. 67-76. – eng
There is presented a technology of obtaining
electrically conductive films transparent in the visible region of light that
contain Ta_2O_5 metal oxide nanostructures in the diamond-like-carbon (DLC)
dielectric matrix, and the results of studies of their physical properties. In
the visible light region the transparency of DLC films constituted 80%, whereas
structural studies indicated that the film is comprised of nano-size conductive
clusters, the linkage between which leads to increased conductivity. Films
deposited on n-Si had electron conductivity (across the film surface), with
charge carriers mobility of over 2400cm_2/V*s and specific electrical
resistance of less than 10^–3Ohm*cm. In the conductive DLC films about tenfold
increase of dielectric parameters and significant frequency dependence in the
frequency interval from 30kHz to 1MHz were observed, which is likely
Ta_2O_5–DLC structure joints. Fig. 8, Tab. 2, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.2.10.10. Research of processes of photo stimulated
crystallization of nano dimensional layers of silicon on sapphire films. /Z. Jibuti, S. Avsarkisov, A. Bibilashvili, R.
Gulyaev, N. Dolidze, Z. Kushitashvili, N.Zhonzholadze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. –
#10. – pp. 77-82. – eng.
The process of
transfer of amorphous silicon deposited onto the sapphire substrate into the
polycrystalline phase using the method of pulsed photon irradiation is studied.
The ionization mechanism of crystallization in semiconductors by the method of
pulsed photon irradiation is considered. Fig.
7, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.2.10.11. Nanotechnology and semiconductor devices.
/T. Laperashvili, O. Kvitsiani, D.
Laperashvili, M. Elizbarashvili, A. Chanishvili/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10.
– pp. 83-88. – eng.
Nanotechnology is defined as the manipulation of
matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. Although
micro and nanoelectronic are based on the semiconductor devises, which are manufactured
measured in nanometers, and advanced processes are taking place below 100nm, in
order semiconductor’s technology aren’t classed as nanotechnology. Because it’s clear
significant role of the semiconductor nanotechnology
for future progress in information and energy technologies, materials research and electronic technology are
shown as the main directions of nanotech industry. The object of investigation
is ultrathin metallic films on semiconductor. The method electrochemical
deposition of metals (in, Ga, Al, Ni, Pt, Pd, Fe) on III–V semiconductor were
used for fabricating various semiconductor devises; by the III group metal (in,
Ga) depositing on III–V semiconductor GaP following heat treatment in hydrogen
were obtained nanostructure layer in_xGa_1–xP on GaP surface, and theoretically
was investigated the possibility of usage of obtained structures for Quantum
Dot Solar Cell. Current research is attempt fabricating nanostructure for
spinotronic application. It was obtained abrupt interfaces Fe/GaAs by original
electrochemical deposition method, and their electrical properties were
investigated. Fig. 4, Ref.17.
Auth.
b15.2.10.12. Some types of nanosensors detecting the
pathogens. /T. Bzhalava, K. Kapanadze, V.
Kvintradze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 89-96. – eng.
Some types of nanosensors detecting biomolecules and
pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses are considered. A short review of
principles and phenomena based nanosensors is proposed. Nanosensors for
bio-medical applications – carbon nanotube, Si nanowire, micro-cantilever,
nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs), integrated nanowire sensors are shown
schematically. Capability of rapid, selective, sensitive detection of
biomolecules/pathogens using nanodevices is considered. Fig. 7, Tab. 2, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.10.13. Homeopathic nanopharmacology according to
the information-energetic holographic theory. /M. Chikava, T. Tsintsadze, M. Nishnianidze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. –
#10. – pp. 97-98. – eng.
The use of super-low doses of such medications in
homeopathy not gained by means of potentiation will yield no result. Therefore,
the specific technology to prepare homeopathic drugs must be strictly observed.
Potentiation changes the physical-chemical and quantum-mechanical properties of
a substance. As the volume is no significant for the ready homeopathic drug and
any part of the drug has the same therapeutic properties, we can assume that
the new form of the therapeutic substance behaves in the same way as a
hologram. By considering the idea of the homeopathic drugs having a relatively
more active source, there is a view suggesting that there is a “contact” point
for them in a human body. It seems that such a “contact” point is a similar
information-energy field and can be defined as a human’s biohologram. In case
there is a resonance between the drug and the human body, the physiological
systems producing the mechanisms of adaptation with a wide spectrum of further
therapeutic effect activate. If no resonance develops in case of incorrect
selection of the drug (code), no action will occur. By using this fact, N. K.
Semionova developed the information-energy holographic theory of homeopathy,
which is based on the idea of the homeopathic drug and human body, as hologram
and resonance between them. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.10.14. Practical applications of titanium
nitride nanostructured coatings. /V.
Shulayev, A. Redkokasha, D. Listopad/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp.
99-106. – rus.
Today the multifunctional nanostructured titanium
nitride films and coatings remain the first among the strengthening, erosion-
and corrosion-resistant, decorative and other coatings used in practice. They
are the most commercialized nanostructured films and coatings. They are
manufactured by hundreds of companies and firms under dozens of brands in all
developed countries. Technologies and equipment for their synthesis are well
utilized by the industry. The processes of synthesis of nanostructured titanium
nitride coatings are environmentally friendly. The coatings are chemically
inert with respect to environmental factors. For example, their use as
strengthening and decorative coatings is economically justified. There are
formed whole areas in the industry, based on the practical use of titanium
nitride coatings, as well as new research directions in physics and technology
research. Fig. 3, Ref. 41.
Auth.
b15.2.10.15. Postradiation annealing effect on plastic
and optical properties of LiF crystal irradiated by high fluencies of neutrons.
/M. Galustashvili, V. Kvachadze, M.
Abramishvili, Z. Akhvlediani, D. Driaev/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp.
117-122. – eng.
Optimal conditions of mechanical characteristics
recovery for LiF crystals irradiated by high neutron fluencies (1017–1019n/cm2)
were established. It was shown that post-irradiation annealing at comparatively
low temperatures (300–400^oC) ensures recovery of the initial plasticity level,
along with retaining of considerable share of radiation hardening. The
mechanism of observed plastification of crystals embrittled by neutron
irradiation is proposed. Fig. 7, Tab. 1, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.2.10.16. Peculiarities of experimental conditions
for adjustment of characteristics of lead selenide nanolayers. /A. Pashaev, O. Davarashvili, M. Enukashvili, Z. Akhvlediani, R. Gulyaev, M. Dzagania, V. Zlomanov/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp.
129-134. – eng.
Lead selenide nanolayers on KCl(100) substrates were
fabricated by molecular epitaxy with a “hot wall”. The influence of the
temperature of the epitaxy source and the substrate, the geometry of the
experiment and the growth duration on the characteristics of layers such as
their thickness, tangential lattice constant, deformation, and the size of
subgrains and disorientation among them was investigated. The conditions for
obtaining the deformation about 1*10–2 at optimal thickness of
layers of 50–80nm were established. This thickness range is important when the
layers are doped with impurities of variable valence. Fig. 4, Tab. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.2.10.17. Polarization-separation method for
characterization of phase state in clouds. /K. Tskhakaia, R. Kikvidze/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 135-138.
– rus.
The possibilities of using of depolarization factor at
signal separation are considered for characterization of phase state variation
in clouds. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.10.18. Growth mechanism and morphology of
germanium nitride nanowires. /D.
Jishiashvili, L. Chkhartishvili, Z. Shiolashvili, N. Makhatadze, V. Gobronidze,
A. Jishiashvili/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 139-148. – eng.
The tapered single-crystalline α-Ge_3N_4
nanowires were grown simultaneously on the surfaces of crystalline Ge source and
Si substrate located at 2–3mm above it. The growth was performed at 500–560^oC
in the presence of hydrazine (N_2H_4) vapor containing 3mol.% water. The
nanowires were grown through the vapor–liquid–solid mechanism using Ge
catalyst. Produced nanowires were tapered. However, the direction of taper was
different for nanowires grown on Ge and Si. The difference in tapering was
explained by differences in the fluxes of volatile GeO molecules at the
beginning of growth process and at the stage of temperature stabilization. It
was found that at the surface of Si substrate a part of GeO molecules was
reduced to pure Ge due to the presence of hydrogen in the pyrolytic
decomposition products of hydrazine. As a result the chain-like Ge
nanostructures were formed together with Ge3N4 nanowires.
Fig. 8, Ref. 21.
Auth.
b15.2.10.19. Short dictionary (Glossary) on
nanochemistry and nanotechnology. Part IV. /Ts.Ramishvili, V.Tsitsishvili/. Nano Studies. – 2014.
– #10. – pp. 149-162. – eng.
In IV part of “Short dictionary (Glossary) on
nanochemistry and nanotechnology” are some terms in English, German, and
Russian taken from dictionaries and scientific periodic chemical publications
and the corresponding terms in Georgian with appropriate definitions. This part
focuses on some nanomaterials. Tab. 1, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.2.10.20. Recent studies in nanotechnology. /L.
Chkhartishvili/. Nano Studies. – 2014. – #10. – pp. 169-172. – geo.
A review of recent summarizing
studies in nanotechnology is given. Fig. 5.
Ed.
b15.2.10.21.
Thulium monosulfide nanofilms technology. /Z. Jabua. M.
Teteloshvili, A. Gigineishvili/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 88-89. – rus.; abs.:
eng.
The technology of fabrication of thulium monosulfide
nanofilms was developed. The films were fabricated by discrete thermal vacuum
evaporation of preliminarily synthesized bulk material. It is shown that the
substrate temperature affects the sizes of characteristic particles. When the
temperature increased from 930 K to 1115 K, the particle size increased from 18
nm to 48 nm. Fig. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.10.22.
Some aspects of formation of nonpenetrating ohmic contacts to shallow nanoscale
silicon layers. / A. Tutunjyan/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 28-34. –
rus.; abs.: eng.
The paper represents a brief review on the formation
of nonpenetrating ohmic contacts based on refractory metal silicides to shallow
nanoscale silicon layers. The main characteristics of ohmic contacts using titanium, cobalt, nickel and platinum as well as aluminum
silicides obtained by various technological methods are assessed. Fig. 2, Tab. 1, Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.2.10.23.
Effect of nanostructured silver on biologically active substances and
microbiological processes of dry red wine. /N. Ebelashvili,
L. Shubladze, E. Salia, N. Gagelidze, N. Bibiluri/. Bulletin of the Georgian
National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 94–101. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
In the present study we investigated the effect of
various doses of nanostructured silver on the content of polyphenols, organic
acids, main conditional indices, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria
in biotechnological processes of making dry red wines. Research material was
prepared from the red grape variety “Saperavi”. Sulfur dioxide – Kadifit, 50 mg/l
concentration and various doses of nanostructured silver (0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5;
0.6; 0.7; 0.8 mg/l) were used during the first year of making red wine material
for different biotechnological stages: 1) processing of destemmed grape pulp
prior to alcoholic fermentation; 2) after malolactic fermentation; 3) at the
second and 4) third racking off the lees. Malolactic fermentation of the wine
material was conducted after termination of alcoholic fermentation and racking
off the yeast lees using lactobacteria of the strain “Extraflore” of Oenococcus
oeni as starters. Content of catechins, phenolcarbonic acids, flavanols and
organic acids was investigated by means of the HPLC analysis. The main
conditional indices were determined using standard international methods.
Efficiency of application of nanostructured silver in the wine samples infested
with lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria was evaluated.
Nanostructured silver was found in biotechnological processes of making dry red
wines to have the effect similar to that of sulfur dioxide. The optimum doses
of using nanostructured silver 0.4 mg/l - prior to alcoholic fermentation for
the processing of grape pulp; 0.6 mg/l – in the processes of the second and
third racking off the lees, for the oxidation of biologically active substances
and inhibition of growth of lactic- and acetic acid bacteria were identified.
Tab. 4, Fig. 3, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b2.11. Other
engineering sciences and technologies
b15.2.11.1.
Kinematic analysis of the sheet-correcting mechanism. /J.
Uplisashvili, N. Natbiladze, G. Khatiashvili/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2014. – #3(31). – pp.33-38.- geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The thesis describes the necessity of the correct supply of a sheet in
the sheet-conductive mechanism of a printing machine for proper conducting the
mechanism. Here is represented the constructed mechanism with graphical
editors, which increases the accuracy of its correct working. Accordingly, a
mathematical research of the mechanism designed by the authors has been carried
out of, which is based on the theoretical possibilities of an inverse
transformation. On the basis of graphical and mathematical analysis, it was
found what magnitude of the angle corresponds to the driven ring at any angle
rotation of the basic one. Fig. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.2.11.2.
The dynamics of changes in terpenes during alcoholic fermentation in the grapes
and must of Rkatsiteli Muscat. /T.Kituashvili, M.
Khositashvili, G. Buishvili, T. Khositashvili/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 93-95.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the dynamics of changes in
terpenes during alcoholic fermentation in the grapes and must of Rkatsiteli
Muscat. It was revealed that the increase-accumulation of the concentration of
all terpene compounds proceeded up to the accumulation of 18 % sugar, then the
concentration of terpenes remained unchanged. When the concentration of sugar
reached 21-22 %, the concentration of terpenes decreased gradually. The
reduction in the total concentration of terpenes was related to the
accumulation of spirit in the fermentation area. Fig. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.2.11.3. Phenolic compounds in red wines of different types. /I. Kekelidze, N. Ebelashvili, M. Japaridze/. GEN. –
2014. – #3. – pp. 75-79. – eng.; abs.: rus.
The paper deals with
the research of phenolic compounds in red wines of different types produced
from Saperavi, grape cultivar, and the comparision and assessment of the
obtained results. The objects of the study were: dessert, dry table,
semi-sweet, liqueur and fortified wine samples from Saperavi (Kindzmarauli
area); Alaverdi Monastery and Teliani Valley dry wine samples; Badagoni
semi-sweet wine sample. The content of catechins, phenolcarbonic acids,
flavonols, resveratrol and vanillin aldehyde was studied by High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). It is shown that the objects of the study differ
significantly in the content of phenolic compounds. The high content of
catechins was found in dry, semi-sweet and dessert wine samples. From
flavonols, most of all quercetin glucoside was detected in the samples; while
from phenolcarbonic acids – it was gallic acid. In red wines produced from
Saperavi, the content of monomeric phenolic compounds quite high, which
explains their antioxidant activity. Tab. 2, Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.2.11.4. Development of the
equipment-production process scheme for the production of muscat fortified
wines. /T. Kituashvili, M. Khositashvili, O. Gotsiridze, G.
Buishvili, M. Gorgiladze, M. Ardzenadze/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp. 80-81. –
geo.; abs.:eng.
The paper deals with
the development of the technology of production of fortified wines from the
Muscat Rkatsiteli grape variety. The production process scheme was developed.
The implementation of this scheme provides the preservation of taste and flavor
of the Muscat grape in wine. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.11.5.
Non-alcoholic diabetic beverages based on Georgian mineral waters. /M.
Karchava, M. Silagadze, I. Berulava, Sh. Jinjolia, N. Pkhakadze/. – GEN. –
2014. – #4. – pp. 76-79. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with the prospects of optimization of
the diet of people suffering diabetes. The scientific and practical aspects of
designing the natural non-alcoholic beverages for diabetics are discussed. The
technology of production of natural `vitamineral~ beverages for diabetics was
developed. For production of the diabetic non-alcoholic beverages, Georgian
mineral waters, cultural and wild-growing fruit and berries and medicinal
plants with antidiabetic properties are used. Fig. 3, Ref.2.
Auth.
b15.2.11.6.
Evaluation of the quality of alcoholic drinks by constructing the qualimetric
models. /Sh. Shatirishvili, G. Zakalashvili, I. Shatirishvili,
Ts. Lomtadze/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 73-75. – geo.; abs.: eng.
On the basis of defining the carbonic mixture in the
consistence of Georgian ordinal brendies, qualimetric models were constructed
by the gas chromatography method. This provides a possibility of revealing the effects
of different factors on the quality of wine products. Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.11.7.
Chromadistillation method of research of the volatile components of wine
materials. /Sh. Shatirishvili, K. Makhashvili, Ts. Lomtadze, M.
Kiladze, I. Shatirishvili/. GEN. – 2015. – #1. – pp. 111-113. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
The paper deals with the chromadistillation method of
studying the aroma-forming volatile components in wine materials. The principal
merit of the method while analyzing wine materials is that it can be combined
with the chromatographic analysis. Chromadistillation concentration,
gas-chromatographic separation and detection are carried out by a single gas
scheme, without any loss of the components. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.2.11.8.
Qualitative indicators of beer and the
factors affecting them. /E. Bendeliani, V.
Fruidze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 219-223. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The article
discusses the factors affecting beer qualitative indicators. In order
to raise the quality of beer can be used for various additives. We
used green and black tea extracts. Tea extracts significantly improve
important indexes of been such as content of alcohol and real fermentation
degree, also its taste, color, aroma and formation of foam are improved.
Tab. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b3.
Medical
and Health Science
b15.3.1.1.
Psychics is characterized by the quantum process.
/L. Kadagishvili/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 38-40. – eng.; abs.: rus.
The article deals with the introduction of the quantum
description when considering the perception structure. The link between the
psychic conscious and unconscious phenomena is wave-like and can be understood
as the relation of the realized information and the source of information to
the dynamics of excitation. Only part of the excited energy in the human brain
is transformed into the realized information; namely, it is the part, which can
concentrate to a certain extent on overcoming the limit of consciousness. The
total energy of the unrealized excitation is divided into effective and
non-effective types, which can be later realized as portions. Just such an
alternation of energy forms the wave-like response in the consciousness. The
fact of the psychics being characterized by the quantum process is implied in
its manifestation. The spectrum of properties shows that, like it happens in
the process of revealing the quantum phenomena, the phenomenon under study is
corpuscular and wave-like. As is known, the major property of the quantum
process is the concept of a quantum, which is irradiated in separate portions
or quanta (is realized in our case). Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.3.1.2.
Transdermal therapeutic systems. /N. Pailodze, E. Buadze,
G. Shvangiradze, O. Metreveli, I. Khurtsilava/. GEN. - 2014. – #2. – pp.
119-122. – rus.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with transdermal therapeutic systems.
Their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. It is shown that, for some
medicines, the transdermal delivery is the only way of their introduction into
the organism. Besides, the transdermal delivery of medicines is much more
convenient for the patients suffering chronic diseases, as they need permanent
or long-term treatment. However, the transdermal delivery of medicines has a
number of drawbacks such as: 1) skin irritation, allergic reaction; 2) takes
the medicine longer time to begin its action than the injection; 3) only
powerful medicines having certain physicochemical properties can be delivered
in this manner. The ways of improving the transdermal therapeutic systems are
considered. They include such physical methods as ionophoresis, sonophoresis
and electrophoresis. Fig. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.3.1.3.
On the neurophysiological mechanisms of “preconscious”. /L.
Kvirkvelia/. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. –
Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 128-131. –
eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
In the present paper different forms of electrophysiological
activity of hippocampus are discussed from viewpoints of cognitive
neuroscience. According to the well-known conceptions, consciousness is a
hippocamp-dependent process and unconscious hippocamp-independent. It means
that electrophysiological correlate of hippocampal activation in alertness –
theta rhythm – accompanies cognitive processing, while EEG desynchronization of
hippocampal activity correlates with dysfunction of the structure and
unconscious brain activity. In the paper the third form of hippocampal
activity, low amplitude theta waves appearing during desynchronization of
background activity is analyzed. This intermediate form of hippocampal
activation must be correlated with a lowered level of consciousness
”preconscious”, which after S. Freud appears during insufficient concentration
of attention. Low amplitude theta waves indicate the appearance of weak memory
traces. Different forms of hippocampal EEG activity are evoked due to the
degrees of excitation of the midbrain reticular formation in humans and
animals. Fig. 3, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.1.4. The effect of lesion of the n.
Ventralis lateralis of the thalamus on the conditional reflexes of active
escape.
/N. Sikharulidze/. Modern Issues of Medicine and Management.
– 2015. – #2. – pp.50-62. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
Bilateral damage of n.
ventralis lateralis of the thalamus
was found to cause disturbance of conditional reflexes of active escape,
manifested in the difficulty to develop conditional reflexes of active escape.
Bilateral lesion of n. ventralis lateralis also reduces the motor activity of
animals. The above-mentioned disturbance can be caused by a damage of the nerve
connections between n. ventralis
lateralis, on the one hand, and n.
mediodorsalis and n. ventralis
posterior lateralis on the other, as well as by damaging the nerve pathways
connecting n.ventralis lateralis with
the prefrontal cortex. Fig. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.1.5.
Ethnical pathologies in American and Caucasian
populations. /M.Chipashvili, E. Abzianidze, C.Gigineishvili,
E.Imnadze/. Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. – #17-12-11. –
pp. 51-52. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
There are certain cases when spreading of the
hereditary diseases is associated with family or ethnic traditions. Marriage
between close relatives or close ethnicity groups can be a reason for spreading
serious diseases in certain ethnic (or religious) groups. Provision of the
proper recommendations to the population would save families from the heavy
genetic burden, as well as decrease the frequency of hereditary diseases in the
population. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.1.6.
Monozygotic twins, disconcordance and
the diseases. /D.Tskhomelidze, M. Abisonashvili, M. Merkviladze/.
Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. – #17-12-11. – pp. 52-53. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
We established that there is a big disconcordance rate
in monozygotic twins, which we have studied. As concern diseases we have got
some interesting results by this direction. For example, in the monozygotic
twins (age 26, female) one of them had oophoritis and the other one had not. In
another pair of twins, in both boys we discovered the Darwin’s tubercle on the
left ears. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.3.1.7.
Nutrigenomics - Influence on genes
expression. /M. Chipashvili, E. Imnadze, C. Gigineishvili/.
Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. – #17-12-11. – pp. 54-55. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Nutrigenomics_studies the influence of food on gene
expression. Instead of using drugs for the treatment and prevention of severe
and chronic disease, nutrigenomics offers a healthy lifestyle and a
personalized diet. Food is the shortest way to regulate gene expression.
Ingredients that influence gene expression were identiifled in 20 types of food
and there are about 19 genes that influence proper functioning of internal
organs (absorption of antioxidants, tendency for inflammation, and sensitivity
to insulin). Food is the shortest way to regulate gene expression. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.1.8.
Dynamics of changes in the immune
system during acute viral respiratory infections in children treated with
apikor. /N. Topuridze, T. Gongadze, N. Khvtisiashvili, N.
Pitava, M. Tsulaia/. Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. – #17-12-11.
– pp.62-64. – Geo.; Abs.: Geo., Eng.
The purpose of the research was to study the dynamics
of changes in the parameters of immune system in children with acute viral
respiratory infections treated with Apikovir.
We enrolled 60 children aged 1 to 5 years with acute viral respiratory
infection. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group with 32
patients undergoing symptomatic treatment and the second group with 28 patients
getting Apikor with other basic
treatment. The patients were under the treatment during 20 days. The test fo
the immunological status was conducted before and after the treatment session.
Conclusions: 1. Apicor combined with
the basic treatment significantly improves the cellular as well as the hummoral
immune status of the patients with acute viral respiratory infections. 2.
Adding Apicor in basic treatment
contributes to reduction of duration and complications of acute viral
respiratory infections. Tab. 3., Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.1.9.
Immunological testimonies among the
children with bronchopneumonia diseases associatied with thymomegalia disease
treated with Apipulmo. /K. Chakhunashvili,
Ts. Jeladze, M. Gogiashvili, G. Chakhunashvili, T.Gogatishvili, D.
Chakhunashvili, T. Kontselidze/. Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. –
2015. – #17-12-11. – pp.65-67. – Geo.; Abs.: Geo., Eng.
The aim of our trial research was to find immune
defenses among children of early age with bronchopneumonia diseases. We studed
T-lymphocytes and their subpopulations CD3, CD4, CD8, pyantybodes. The
percentage levels of B lymphocytes, the IgG, IgA, IgM, testomonies in serum of
blood. The aim of our theme is the investigation of cell and hummoral immune
system among the children of early age. Apipulmo combined with basic treatment
significantly improves the cellular as well as hummoral Immune status of the
patients with bronchopnewmonia diseases. Tab. 1., Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.1.10.
Effect of glutargin in blinding function
of serum albumin and other indicators of functional state of liver in acute
toxic alcoholic hepatitis. /S. Andreychyn, Z. Skirak/. Georgian Medical News
(GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 97-101. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Acute toxic alcoholic hepatitis continues to be a topical problem of
modern medicine as a result of a significant spread of alcoholism in Ukraine
and the world. Aim - to explore the effect if glutargin in blinding
function of serum albumin and other indicators of the functional state of liver
in acute alcoholic toxic hepatitis in the
experiments with white rats. All animals were divided into four groups. The
first (control group) consisted of 20 healthy intact animals, second – 17 rats
with acute toxic alcoholic hepatitis, which was taken out of the experiment on
the second day of its commencement, the third – 16 animals with similarly
modeled pathology, which was taken out on the seventh day from the beginning of
the experiment, fourth – 20 animals with acute toxic alcoholic hepatitis, which
underwent correction of 4.0% solution glutargin during seven days. It was shown
that the blinding function of serum albumin reduced under conditions of the
studied pathology; pronounced biochemical signs of liver parenchyma occurred.
Under the influence of glutargin the studied parameters significantly improved.
In acute toxic alcoholic hepatitis significantly disturbing protein-synthetic
liver function, occur phenomena cytolysis, suppressed blinding function of
serum albumin with maximum expression on the second day of the experiment and
with signs of recovery on the seventh day. Under the influence of glutargin
indicators of the blinding function of serum albumin: total protein,
aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubinwere upgraded. The
activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase normalized and reached the level
of control. Tab. 1, Ref. 21.
Auth.
b15.3.1.11. Role of
single-nucleotide polymorphism ń-1562ň of the matrix metaloprotełnaza–9 gene in
the development of leiomyoma in women with cervical pathology. /I. Savchenko, V. Garbuzova/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 18-22. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
108 women diagnosed with leiomyoma and 84 women
without this disease (control group) were examined during the research. A
comparative analysis of the genotypes distribution between women with cervical
pathology of different complexity was conducted. The results of the research
showed that there was no connection between the Ń-1562Ň polymorphism of the MMP-9
gene and the progression of leiomyoma, the course of which is accompanied by
false erosion of the cervix (ectopias epithelium) (p>0,521). Also was not
found any connection between the SNP in women with leiomyoma, who undergo
conical electrocauterizing excision treatment because of the dysplastic
epithelial changes that are considered to be precancerous (p>0,280). Tab. 2,
Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.1.12. The role of lactate
acidosis in the development and treatment of various neurologic syndromes in children
and adolescents. /G.
Arveladze, N. Geladze, T. Sanikidze, N. Khachapuridze, S. Bakhtadze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 69-75. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The aim of the study was to detect the role of lactate
acidosis, also to find the share of mitochondrial insufficiency in development
of various neurologic syndromes in children and adolescents. The detection of
cellular energetic metabolism and acid based imbalance is also important for
finding the specific method of management. We have studied 200 patients with
various degree of neurodevelopment delay with epilepsy and epileptic syndromes,
headache, vertigo, early strokes, floppy infant syndrome, atrophy of ophthalmic
nerve, cataracta, neurosensory deafness, systemic myopathy, cerebral palsy. In
27% of cases with various Ages we have detected lactate acidosis and increase
level of pyruvate. Mitochondrial insufficiency was seen in 8% of cases which
gives us opportunity to find the specific method of treatment in this group of
patients. Each patient with neurological symptoms requires correction of
parameters of energetic and oxidative metabolism. Tab. 4, Ref. 27.
Auth.
b15.3.1.13. Theoretical and
methodological bases of pharmaceutical aid formation (review). /Z. Chanturia, T. Chumburidze, B. Eriashvili/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 89-94. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Pharmacists are required to ensure the quality of
services provided to each patient. Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) is a tool of
clarifying and fulfilling this commitment. The role of International
Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) is to guide the national pharmaceutical
organizations, which, in turn, should initiate the establishment of national
standards. A key element is the obligation imposed by the profession throughout
the world - to promote different activities for the benefit of those we serve.
GPP is recommended to be considered as a list of occupational tasks, the
implementation of which would serve the interests of patients or customers in
the pharmacy. Ultimately, the quality of pharmaceutical care system will help
to ensure not only the commercial interests of the pharmacy, but also the
security requirements as those services and products, as well as professionals
and patients. Fig. 3, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.3.1.14. Effects of
immunotoxic and electrolytic lesions of medial septal area on spatial
short-term memory in rats. /M. Dashniani, L. Kruashvili, Kh. Rusadze, S. Mataradze, G. Beselia/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 98-103. – eng.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
In the present study electrolytic and the immunotoxins
(192 igg saporin and GAT1-SAP) lesions of medial septal area (MS) were used to
investigate the importance of cholinergic and GABAergic MS neurons in spatial
working memory using spatial alternation task. In our experiments electrolytic
lesions destroyed on average 69% of the intact MS. Examination of the AChE
stained sections showed that after injections of 192 IgG saporin into the MS,
animals exhibited significantly less AChE staining in MS as compared to
sections obtained from control animals. Intraseptal GAT1-SAP preferentially
reduced GABAergic neurons as compared to cholinergic neurons in the MS. The
results of present study indicate that spatial short-term memory is affected
only by electrolytic but not 192 IgG saporin or GAT1-SAP lesions. The
behavioral testing showed that 192 IgG saporin treated rats, relative to
control rats, had a significantly lower level in the number of arms entered during
the testing session. However, the groups did not differ in the level of
alternation behavior. GAT1-SAP lesioned rats showed that the percent
alternation scores and the number of arms that the rat entered in the maze were
not significantly different from control rats. These findings indicate that
deficits observed after septal electrolytic lesions cannot be
accounted solely to the loss of cholinergic or GABAergic septohippocampal
projections. To determine more definitively whether septohippocampal projection
neurons are required for the spatial short-term memory it would be ideal to
produce in future combined lesions of the cholinergic and GABA-ergic
septohippocampal projection neurons using 192 IgG-saporin and GAT1-SAP. Fig. 2,
Ref. 21.
Auth.
b15.3.1.15. Antinociceptive
tolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs microinjected into dorsal
hippocampus of rats is due to pharmacological tolerance. /N.
Tsiklauri, I. Nozadze, M. Nebieridze, G. Gurtskaia, E. Abzianidze, M.G.
Tsagareli/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
108-112. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Pain is characterized as a complex experience,
dependent not only on the regulation of nociceptive sensory systems, but also
on the activation of mechanisms that control emotional processes in limbic
brain areas such as the amygdala and the hippocampus. We have recently found
that repeated microinjection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
into the dorsal hippocampus of rats for four consecutive days induces antinociceptive
tolerance as revealed by a progressive decrease of the latency in the
tail-flick and hot plate tests compared to controls treated with saline into
the dorsal hippocampus. Here we found that on the first day microinjection of
NSAIDs, ketorolac, clodifen and xefocam into the DH produced antinociception as
revealed by a latency increase in the TF and HP compared to the baseline
control of intact rats and a control group with saline microinjected into the
same site as well. Subsequent NSAIDs microinjections, without testing on the
second and third days, caused progressively less antinociception, i.e.
developed tolerance. After two days resting, by day 7 antinociception was
almost completely restored for all the three drugs. Thus we demonstrated that this
antinociceptive tolerance is due to pharmacological tolerance to these drugs
and not to conditioning by repeating testing or hyperalgesia or other
nonspecific mechanisms. Fig. 2, Ref. 25.
Auth.
b15.3.1.16.
The study of in vitro release of carvedilole
from solid dosage forms. /K. Baramidze, N. Megreli, Sh.
Namgaladze, T. Chikviladze, M.Jorjikia/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.17 -19. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
Examined is the release of solid dosage forms of the
medicine Carvediolole registered in
Georgia. It is established that all of the samples are compliant with
monographs USP 36 NF 31 on test “dissolution“, as from all samples more than
80% carvedilole is released on 30 minutes. Upon comparison of dissolutiion
profiles, only the samples 2 and 4 were found to be equivalent to the referred
one. Regarding the samples #3 and #5, the data in vitro studies are not
satisfactory and thus require additional in
vivo studies to determine the therapeutic equivalence (optional). Fig. 2,
Tab. 2, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.1.17.
Late senescence and aging of
oligodendrocytes. /R. Beriashvili, G. Simonia/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. – pp.31 -34. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
The total number of oligodendrocytes decreases during
the period of late senescence as in the unit area of pyramidal layer of the
cortex, as well as the surrounding white matter. Besides, decrease in the
number of oligodendrocytes is being performed at the expense of the decrease of
newly created oligodendrocytes, differentiating cells and the number of already
differentiated adult cells realizing the specific functions. The physiological
death of neurocytes during the late senescence is accompanied by the
physiological death and loss of anatomically and functionally related
oligodendrocytes, resulted in an increase of share of the apoptotic cells in
the total number of oligodendrocytes. The fact that all types of cells
including apoptocic cells in the old organisms are smaller in size is
expression of gerogenic changes. During apoptosis of smaller cells, aging cells
undergo fragmentation into smaller parts in comparison of the relatively large
size cells of young organisms. Thus, apoptosis in aging body has its gerogenic
characteristics. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.1.18.
Features of pharmaceutical market of Georgia. /V. Eriashvili,
T. Tchumburidze, N. Dugashvili, N. Iamanidze, G. Zhizhilashvili/. Tbilisi State
Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. –
pp.60 - 62. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
obtained data suggest that more activity from governmental structures is needed
to regulate a number of problems, such as high prices of drugs and medical services,
quality control of medicines, monopolization of the pharmaceutical market,
incorrect prescription and usage of drugs. Pharmacists are facing the problem
of choice beatween commercial interests of a pharmaceutical company (owner of
pharmacy) and professional ethics. Fig. 8, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.1.19.
In vitro evaluation of antioxidant
activity of leaves and buds from Betula
litwinowii doluch. growing in Georgia. /L.
Zardiashvili, M. Jokhadze, J. Kuchukhidze, A. Bozhadze, T. Murtazashvili/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2015. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.74 - 76. – eng.; abs.: geo.
The
antioxidative potential of different fractions (respective organic fractions of
n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) of methanol extract of vegetative
organs (buds and leaves) of Betula litwinowii Doluch. was evaluated using free
radical-scavenging activity on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) assays.
The methanol extract of leaves showed signiûcant activities in all
antioxidant assays and contained a high level of total phenolic content. It was
observed that the level of hydrophilic phenolic content was higher than that of
hydrophobics. Among those organic sol- vent fractions, ethyl acetate fraction
exhibited significant activities due to the highest level of total phenolic
content and their IC50 values were 0.21 ± 0.02 mg/ml (leaves) and 0.27 ± 0.02
(buds). These activities were superior to those of a commercial natural
antioxidants tested. The chloroform and hexan fractions also exhibited
signiûcant free radical- scavenging activity (IC50 0.79±0.04 µg/ml; IC50
0.91±0.05 µg/ml (leaves) and 0.56±0.03 µg/ml; 0.69±0.03 µg/ml (buds))
attributed to the high amount of hydrophobic phenolics. Tab. 1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.1.20.
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Betula litwinowii doluch. growing in
Georgia. /L. Zardiashvili, M. Jokhadze, J. Kuchukhidze, T.
Murtazashvili, V. Mshvildadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. – pp.76 - 78. – eng.; abs.: geo.
Species
of the genus betula that grow in Georgia are not sufficiently studied from the
point of view of pharmacognosy. The qualitative and quantitative composition
and activity of the polyphenols sum, their factions and individual substances
are not determined. It should be noted that there is a great interest among
scientists in the search for natural compounds with antioxidant and cytotoxic
effect. Studies have shown that the main pharmacological role of polyphenols is
in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors. Based on the
above, the authors have carried out the fractionation of polyphenols of Betula litwinowii fam. Betulaceae, using
solvents of different polarity by liquid- liquid extraction. The cytotoxic
effects of the methanol extract and the organic fractions were studied in vitro
with WST-1 reagent respectively. Methanol (LC50 2.08 ± 0.5 ìg/ml) and
ethyl acetate (LC50 1.57 ± 0.2ìg/ml) extracts have a high cytotoxic
activity. This is due to a high content of polyphenolic compounds. Tab. 1, Ref.
6.
Auth.
b15.3.1.21.
Assessment of the immune status and
issues of immunotherapy for noninfectious pathology. /B. Korsantia, Nato
Korsantia, M. Mamaladze, Nino. Korsantia, A. Katsitadze/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.102–106.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
Conducted clinical and immunological analysis of the
literature and our own data in various diseases of non-infectious nature
(environmental stress, periodontitis, surgical diseases, physical overload,
psoriasis), clearly revealed the direct involvement of the immune system of
patients, which was manifested in a fast and deep enough immunosuppression, and
which depended on the severity of the pathological process. The use of interferon
preparations and/or interferon inducers (in our clinical example – plaferon) in
the complex therapy recorded a significant improvement in the condition of
patients, reduction of recovery terms, more long-term remission and
normalization of immunological parameters. Fig. 8, Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.3.1.22.
Study of Agregani’s equivalence by
the solubility test in vitro.
/L. Kunchulia, Q. Baramidze, L. Tcheishvili, R. Makharadze, N. Lekishvili/. Tbilisi
State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII.
– pp.109 – 112. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
pharmaceutical market of Georgia, as one of the component links of the world
pharmaceutical market, is represented primarily with generic preparations. In
world practice, in most case the basic and clinical researches of generic
preparations are not conducted, which is frequently unjustified, According to
the studies of WHO, about 40-60% of generics are found to lack the therapeutic efficacy
and safety of the original preparations. The purpose of this study was to
determine the therapeutic equivalence of the drug Agregani manufactured by the local pharmaceutical company GMP to
that of Bayer’s Aspirin by means of solubility test in vitro. The results of the test are given. Fig. 5, Tab. 1, Ref.
7.
Auth.
b15.3.1.23.
Gabapentin concentration monitoring in
human saliva. /L. Kunchulia, R.
Makharadze, T. Khvingia, N. Imnadze, N. Shengelize/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.112 – 114. – geo.; abs.: eng.
In
1970, the company GOEDECKE (Freiburg, Germany) designed a new program to
improve and increase the effectiveness of the treatment of neurological
diseases. The program was focused on finding out a universal agent to treat all
kinds of epilepsy. For this purpose, selected were 25 analogues of gamma-amino
butyric acid (GABA), among which was selected gabapentin with most interesting
activity. Gabapentine is a very interesting product from the pharmacokynetic
point of view. It does not metabolize in liver and, respectively, has no
hepatotoxic activity, does not conjunct to plasma enzymes and is not cardio
toxic. The chromatography conditions are as follows: column size - 100´45
mm with solid phase C18, column temperature – 35°C; as mobile phase was used:
0.5% formic acid solution in water and acetonitrile (30:70)(v/v), flow rate of
mobile phase is 0.5ml/min; sample volume – 0.5ml; isocratic regime. The UV
detection was at 210 nm. The retention time in this condition is 8.5 min. The
method sensitivity is 40 ng/ ml, the mean error of the method is e= ± 4.8%.the
developed method was probated on clinical material. On the basis of the study
result could be concluded, that for the purpose of the gabapentine
pharmacokinetic monitoring could be successfully used human saliva instead of
plasma. It is important that gabapentine determination in human saliva does not
require the help of special medicinal personal, does not cause an inconvenience
in patients; the method is quite simple and available for each specialized
laboratory. Fig. 3, Tab. 1, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.1.24.
Interesting cases of inherited
thrombophilia in Georgian population. /N. Pirtskhelani, N. Kochiashvili, L. Makhaldiani, N. Pargalava, K.
Kartvelishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.144 – 147. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Inherited
thrombophilia is a genetic predisposition to thrombosis of an individual,
caused by mutations in different genes. It is often associated not only with
thromboembolism, but also with pregnancy complications. for the identification
of inherited thrombophilia, we have studied mutations of the blood coagulation
factor V gene (G1691A), prothrombin gene (G20210A) and MTHFR gene (C677T) by
the modern methods of molecular-genetic study. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
and Single Nucleotide Primer Extension Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA) were used for genetic studies. In respect to thrombophilia, from examined
patients, two cases were found particularly interesting and significant, where
as a result of genetic research, patients were diagnosed as carriers of the
mentioned mutations. This allowed us not only to identify the causes of
thrombosis and select adequate treatment, but also to prevent recurrent
episodes of thrombosis and possible development of related life-threatening
complications. Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.3.1.25.
Toxicology aspects of the globally
harmonized system of classification, labeling and packaging of chemicals (ghs/clp) and perspectives of its
implementation in Georgia. /I. Gvineria, M. Zhuruli, V. Saakadze, T. Oniani, R. Kverenchkhiladze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.147 – 148. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
CLP Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 on the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of
Chemicals and Mixtures is highlighted. According to this regulation, haz7ards
evaluate for 28 categories: 16 - physical, 10 - health and 2 -environment.
Implementation of this classification in Georgia and perspectives to develop
National Guideline on this issue are considered. Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.1.26.
Use of a dissolution test to evaluate
the bio-equivalence of generics containing claritromycine. /T. Chikviladze, K. Baramidze, N. Koberidze, L. Tefnadze, T. Otarashvili/.
Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.151 – 153. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
work aims at comparative studying of the release of active substance from the
solid dosage forms containing claritromycine registered in Georgia. It is
established that all of the samples are compliant with monographs USP 36 NF 31
on test “dissolution“, as from all samples more than 80% claritromycine is
released in 30 minutes. Upon comparison of the dissolution profiles, the
samples 2 and 5 were found to comply with the referred one and, consequently,
these samples equal the referred medications. As for the samples nos. 3 and 4,
the data in vitro studies are not satisfactory and thus establishment of the
therapeutic equivalence requires additional in
vivo studies. Fig. 2, Tab. 2, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.1.27.
Epigenetics of genomic imprinting. /M. Chipashvili, Ts.
Gigineishvili, E. Imnadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.164 – 165. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Genomic imprinting is caused by the epigenetic factors
that act during different stages of development and direct it in an
evolutionary conserved manner. These factors are: methylation, acetylation and
phosphorilation. It has also been established that factors as IV drugs, certain
mediations, toxins, pesticides, food supplements, radiation, etc., influence
the individual’s epigenome both in prenatal and postnatal periods and may be a
cause of various hereditary diseases. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.1.28. Standardization of the
Zo-20 (Simvastatine) 20 mg tabletes. /M. Jorjikia, T.
Noniashvili, B. Chumburidze, T. Chikviladze, H. Ioramasvili/. Tbilisi State
Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. –
pp.180 – 183. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The purpose of research
was standardization of Zo-20 20 mg tablets containing simvastatine by
polarimetric, infrared spectroscopy and high-pressure liquid chromatography
methods. It is established that the Simvastatin drug substance complies with
the reference standards of the European Pharmacopoeia. Fig. 4, Tab. 4, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.1.29.
Autoimmune mechanisms toward type I collagen during catarrhal and ulcer
gingivitis. /L. Jashi, M. Iverieli, N. Abashidze, N.
Gogebashvili, Kh. Gogishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.177 – 180. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The article presents original data about autoimmune
mechanisms according to the severity of the process during the catarrhal and
ulcer gingivitis. The medical examination of 80 patients with different forms
of gingivitis demonstrated that during gingivitis the synthesis and re-synthesis
of type I Collagen is negatively affected and as a result, type I Collagen
concentration in the blood serum raises. In addition, the selection of antigen
reactive lymphocytes increases toward Type I Collagen, which in turn boosts
their quantity in blood and also stimulates the creation of auto-antibodies
toward Type I Collagen. This is reflected by the increased quantity of
auto-antibodies in the blood serum. The intensity of these processes amplifies
as the periodontitis inflammation becomes more severe. These results
demonstrate that the autoimmune process develops toward Type I Collagen during
catarrhal and ulcer gingivitis and its intensity reflects the severity of the
pathological processes in periodontitis. Tab. 1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.1.30.
Communication peculiarities of pharmacist and patient.
/N. Kvizhinadze, E. Mirvelashvili, S. Gokadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.94 – 96. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
The study analyzed
the relationship between
the pharmacist and the patient. It is very important in the process
to determine what factors
lead to more effective
relations with the pharmacy
facility. Patient-oriented approach changes the role of the pharmacist, the growth of the recommendations of the person, responsibility, which, in turn, leads to its professionalization. Pharmacists and doctors are supposed to improve the condition of the patient, so the ethics of medical and pharmaceutical ethics has a lot in common,
but the pharmaceutical ethics in relations in patient communications has some particular characteristics. Pharmacist’s task is to ensure optimal and efficient use of the medicines to be the most effective drug regimens. It shall also individually control the patient’s medication use. The task is very important not only for consumers, but also to increase its professional authority. The profession of pharmacist should be directed to the public and specifically to the patients.
Fig. 2, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.1.31.
The role of pharmacist in health care system. /N. Kvizhinadze, N. Bukhrikidze, N. Dugashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.96 – 97.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
The development of the health
sector in the footsteps of pharmacy expanded the role of the pharmacist, as well as the essence
of its activities, the destination. Pharmacy today is perceived
as a patient-oriented science, and pharmacists
in the health care system
are one of the most important
subjects, whose professional role not only selling the drug to a
patient, but qualified counsel as well. The pharmacists, who have the ability
and the opportunity to implement
patient-centered services, can improve
their image, as health care professionals. Patient-centered approach changes the role of the pharmacist, his growth as a person responsible for issuing
the recommendations, which
in turn leads
to its professionalization. The pharmacist’s role in health
care is very diverse and in all cases should be focused on the customer/patient.
Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.1.32. An overview of ethnic and gender differences in pain sensation. /I. Kvachadze, M.Tsagareli, Z. Dumbadze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 102-108. – eng.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Increasing amounts of
clinical and experimental evidence show differences in pain responses between
different ethnic groups. At the same time, the experience of pain is characterized
by immense inter-individual and group variability with one likely contributing
factor being ethnicity. Synergistically, pain and ethnicity are
multidimensional, malleable and shaped by culture. Although there is no
consensus regarding the underlying mechanisms, ethnic group differences
inevitably reflect a holistic influence of biological, psychological and
socio-cultural factors. Numerous studies,
investigating a wide variety of painful conditions, have also suggested gender
differences in pain perception. Particularly, epidemiologic and clinical
findings clearly demonstrate that women are at increased risk for chronic pain
and some data suggest that women may experience more severe clinical pain.
Studies of experimentally induced pain have produced a very consistent pattern
of results, with women exhibiting greater pain sensitivity, enhanced pain
facilitation and reduced pain inhibition compared with men, though the
magnitude of these sex differences varies across studies. Fig. 2, Ref.
61.
Auth.
b15.3.2.1.
Modern strategic course of pediatric cardio-rheumatology.
/G. Chakhunashvili, N. Jobava, K. Chakhunashvili, D. Chakhunashvili, D.
Tabutsadze, K. Chakhunashvili/. Pediatric Cardiology. – 2015. – #9. – pp.11-15.
- geo.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
Georgian Pediatric Car di o logy Association Modern
management for pediatric cardio-rheumatology incorporates early detection of
cardiovascular system diseases (rheumatic, non-rheumatic, inflammatory,
non-inflammatory) and prevention of those diseases. Georgian pediatric
cardiology association over years of work has developed action-program, which
substantially determines strategy of 21st century pediatric
cardio-rheumatology: “Risk factors, etiology, clinical presentation features based
on age and sex of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular ischemic diseases;
Determining treating strategy using new bioactive substances and the role of
genetic markers in epidemiologic data for prevention”. Realization of the
project has already started and the effective outcome depends only on united
efforts of governmental and non-governmental institutions. Ref. 36.
Auth.
b3.2.2.
Effect of laser irradiation and some drugs on the course of experimental
atherosclerosis. /T. Tavkhelidze/.
Modern Issues of Medicine and
Management. – 2015. – #2.
– pp. 15–31. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
Atherosclerosis
is a common disorder. the disease mainly affects the large arteries. Severe
complications of atherosclerosis are myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke,
gangrene of the lower limbs, etc. Not one study devoted to this problem, many
authors. Both at an atherosclerosis of the person, and at an experimental
atherosclerosis the important place occupy cholesterol and β-lipoprotein.
An important role in this disease is owned and platelets. Numerous works
devoted to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. To this end, among
other means, has been used by several authors as Helium-neon laser.
Nevertheless, still is over what to work. the purpose of our study, this time,
was to study the effect of Trental, aspirin, and helium-neon laser on
experimental atherosclerosis and in these circumstances the definition of the
functional state of platelet morphometry lipid inclusions aortic intima,
electron microscopic examination of the aortic wall, setting the number of
neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides in the walls of the aorta. on the basis of
the spent researches, we consider, that growth of lipid inclusions aorta intims
at an experimental atherosclerosis increases, not only because of increase in
the general cholesterol and β-lipoprotein in blood whey, but also for the
account of such factors, as deterioration of a functional condition of
platelets, negative ultrastructural changes in an aorta wall (increase in quantity
of lipid drops and vacuoles in endothelial cells, a considerable quantity of
so-called foamy cells, elastic fibres with the lost cross-striated banding and
a fragmentation). Besides growing of collagenic fibres into a subendothelial
layer, into an adventitia is observed change of a microcirculating channel is
marked, the increase in quantity of neutral and sour mucopolysaccharides etc.
All it, eventually, promotes adjournment of lipids in an aorta intim. on this
background the preparations used by us (Aspirin, Trental), and also an
irradiation Helium-neon the laser, especially their complex, cause considerable
improvement of a situation in an aorta intim, i.e. braking of development of
atherosclerotic process that is caused by normalisation of a metabolism of a
wall of an aorta. Tab. 6, Fig.10, Ref. 14.
Auth.
b15.3.2.3. Substantiation of algorithm of management of patients with partial
absence of teeth, using removable dentures. /E.
Mamphoria/. Modern Issues of Medicine and Management. – 2015. – #2. – pp.32-40. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
rus., eng.
Based on obtained data the algorithm of management of
patients with different terms of using removable plate and clasp dentures.
During the period of using the removable dentures for partial absence of teeth,
it is necessary to timely detect changes in the underlying tissues of the
prosthetic bed, and carry out measures that contribute to the increase of terms
of using removable dentures and decrease of incidence of complications.
Auth.
b15.3.2.4. Reasons related to
intolerance of dental materials. /E. Mamphoria/. Modern Issues of Medicine and Management.
– 2015. – #2. – pp. 41-50. –
rus.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Based on these data
revealed that the intolerance of prosthetic materials can be caused by various conditions
that involve different mechanisms of disease. Such symptoms may be in the
formulation in the mouth not only the prosthesis and filling materials, but the
design of the fastening means (cements, adhesives and the like), and can also
be called candidiasis. An important role in the development of intolerance play
endogenous infections. Therefore, the problem of intolerance to dental
materials in each patient requires an analysis of all these reasons together
dentist and immunological laboratory.
Auth.
b15.3.2.5. Eliner – esthetic
dentistry. /T. Gagoshidze/.
Modern Issues of Medicine and
Management. – 2015. – #2.
– pp.62-66. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The work deals
with a removable orthodontic device, Eliner`s popularity and development. the
work is relevant and provides jaw-dental system anomalies correction, the
latest technologies, such as Easyliner. Fig. 3, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.3.2.6.
Indicators of adaptation complete dentures in applying polypropylene, clear
acrylic base. /L. Aladashvily, M. Djervalidze, I. Taboridze/. Modern Issues of Medicine and Management. – 2015. – #2. –
pp.73-86. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
To study features of adaptation to complete dentures
with the use of polypropylene and acrylic bases, taking into account the
microbiological and immune system and psycho-neurological type. We observed 55
patients aged 45 to 75 years of contingent dental clinic
"Leader-dent", who underwent complete removable prosthesis on
polypropylene basis. the control group consisted of 50 patients of the same age
who had a prosthesis on acrylic basis. It was an open, non-randomized,
prospective study. Adapting to complete dentures depends on the patient's
psychological type. Previously, all adapted sanguine later all - melancholic.
Long-term adaptation reveals a significant negative correlation to the
psychological type of sanguine and phlegmatic (respectively r=-0,6632, p
<0,0000 and r=0,1293, p <0,4662). and negative - to the psychological
type of melancholic (r=0,8145, p <0,0000), the quality of life associated
psychological sanguine type (r=0,3349, p <0,0124), and a significant
negative correlation detects a "psychological type melancholic
»(r=-0,5889, p <0,0000). Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.2.7. Risk-factors for development of suppurative-inflamatory infections in
puerperas. /D. Kobeshavidze, D.
Chikviladze, Kh. Gachechiladze., M. Mikeladze/. Georgian Medical
News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 18-23. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with
an epidemiolgycal analysis of parturition cases (analysis is performed using
the descriptive and evaluative method) for detection of potential risk factors
for development of suppurative-inflamatory infections in puerperas. Study was
performed in the obstetric hospital Imedis
Klinika in 2014. 3248 parturition cases were analyzed, among them 2373
(73.06% cases of physiological birth and 875 (26.99%) caesarium operation
cases. From all the cases were detected only 296 (9.211%) cases complicated
with basic forms of suppurative-inflamatory infections. Also was performed an
analysis of post-parturition complications, dependent on anamnesis of pregnant.
As a result, it was detected that most significant risk factors for development
of suppurative-inflamatory infections in puerperas with physiological birth
were genitourinary inflammatory diseases, while pregnancy prolonged (more than
6 hours) parturition period. In the cases with caesarian operation, such
factors, apart from operation itself, were genitourinary inflammatory diseases,
while pregnancy prolonged (for more than 5 hours) the waterless period, tribal
activities before operation, tribal activities for more than 5 hours, the
operation duration longer than 30 minutes and huge hemorrhage while surgery.
Fig. 4, Tab. 2, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.3.2.8. Gynecology operations combined with hernioplasty. /N. Kintraia, B. Mosidze, L. Melia, R. Sulukhia/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 24-27. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Hernioplasty is one of
the most widespread planned simultaneous operations in practice of obstetrics
and gynecology. Rising trend of such interventions has been steadily increasing
in these latter days. We have conducted 64 gynecology operations combined with hernioplasty. 5 operations were
conducted in an expedited manner; 59 interventions were planned. Age of our
patients ranged from 24 to 57. Duration of the surgical interventions was 129
minutes as average; duration of hospital stay days – 4±2 days, which didn’t
extend terms of stay at the stationary of the patients with separately
conducted operations. Expressed pain syndrome was assessed with the amount of
the used analgesics. Tension free hernioplasty by using reticulated
polypropylene implants, on simultaneous operations, including hernioplasty
combined with the gynecological components, gives good functional results and
esthetic effect, excluding a possibility of serious complications in the
postoperative period. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.9. Diagnostic features of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents (review).
/K. Beltadze, L.
Barbakadze/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp.
32-34. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
The problem of
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is of a special importance due to its
connection with not only medical but with psychosocial factors. PCOS is the
most common endocrine cause of an ovulatory infertility. It is a major factor
for the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM). Clinical symptoms of PCOS such as acne, hirsutism, obesity, alopecia
represent psychological problem, especially for the adolescents. Many women who
have PCOS have the onset of symptoms during adolescence. Early diagnosis and
treatment of PCOS are important for preventing of the above mentioned long-term
consequences associated with this condition. Adolescent patients often have
diagnostic problems because the features of normal puberty are similar with
symptoms of PCOS. This article reviews the diagnostic and differential
diagnostic characteristics of PCOS in adolescents. in conclusion, consensus
statement in adolescent patients is still waiting. Our data suggest that it may
be prudent to define adolescent PCOS according to the Carmina modified
Rotterdam criteria. The increase rate of metabolic syndrome in adolescents with
PCOS emphasizes the importance of regular screening due to the high
cardiometabolic disorders risk. Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.3.2.10. The maxillary second molar – anatomical variations (case report). /E. Beshkenadze, N. Chipashvili/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 35-38. – eng.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
To be acquainted with
dental anatomical specificity is of great importance for dental endodontic
treatment algorithm. the subject of present publication is 2 clinical cases of
upper second molars, detailed characterization of, which is considered very
important for enrichment of anatomical knowledge about dental anatomical
variations. In one case, the reason for admission to the clinic of a
38-year-old woman was complains as of esthetic character as well as functional
misbalance (disturbance of chewing function due to the damage of orthopedic
construction). The patient indicated to the existence of coronary defects of
large size aesthetic discomforts, damage and discoloration of old orthopedic
construction (denture) in maxillary right molar area. According to the data
obtained after clinical and visiographical examinations, chronic periodontitis
of 17 teeth was identified as a result of incomplete endodontic treatment.
According to the data obtained after clinical and visiographical examinations,
the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis of 17 teeth was identified, tooth 17
with 2 roots and 2 canals. In the second clinical case, the reason for
admission to the clinic of a 39-year-old woman was severe pain in the upper
right molar area. The patient indicated to the caries on the tooth 17. After
completion of proper survey clinical and visiographical examinations, acute
pulpitis (K04.00) – with three roots and 4 canals was diagnosed. in both cases
after the proper examinations and agreement with the patients a treatment plan
envisaging: 17 teeth endodontic treatment, filling of caries defects and their
preparation on one hand for orthopedic construction (denture) and on the other
hand for restoration of anatomical integrity by light-cured composite, was
scheduled. The present study is designed to prevent complications of endodontic
treatment of the second molar, to optimize diagnosis and treatment algorithm,
once again proving reliable information indicating to the individuality of
treatment tactics. Fig. 2, Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.3.2.11. Implication of laparoscopy
in diagnostics of genital TB among women through cytohistological testing of
bioptic specimen. /G.
Lortkipanidze, L. Vashakidze, T. Mamaladze, N. Gujabidze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 39-45. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Diagnostics of genital TB among women is a serious
challenge because of the absence of specific clinical manifestation and
difficulty to obtain material for bacteriological verification of the pathogen.
All the cases with ascites and masses in pelvic cavity must undergo thorough
testing to exclude tuberculosis. the present article describes 14 suspect cases
of genital TB, where along with the mandatory clinical diagnostic studies
(including PCR of ascites and bacteriological testing for TB, also on carcinoma
of CA-125 ovary) they have conducted laparoscopy, with further cytological and
bacteriological testing of bioptic sample. This method allowed us to diagnose
genital and abdominal tuberculosis among women in 85,7% of cases through
cytologic and histologic testing and to exclude ovarian carcinoma.
Effectiveness of laparoscopy has been confirmed in diagnostics of genital and
abdominal TB. Fig. 2, Tab. 2, Ref. 19.
Auth.
b15.3.2.12. Clinical course of acute coronary syndrome in dependence on containing of
homozystein and Ń677Ň methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism. /L. Prystupa, A. Grek, Y. Ataman, A. Orlovskiy, N.
Opolonska/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp.
46-49. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Nowadays to a numerous
factors of IHD development risks hyperhomocysteinemia (HHc), C-reactive
protein, fibrogen, as well as genetic disorders are relating. With development
of IHD and its complications associated methylentetrahudrofolate reductase gene
mutation of Ń677Ň polymorphism. the purpose of the investigation was studying
the connection between acute coronary syndrome severity (ACS) in dependence on
plasma homocysteine containing and genotype by Ń677Ň polymorphism MTHFR gene.
Examined: 161 patients with ACS and 87 almost healthy people. Identification of
4th exon allelic polymorphism MTHFR Ń677Ň gene
(rs1801133) was conducted with method of polymerase chain reaction, the
investigation of homocysteine containing with immunoenzymated method. the
statistic analyze was performed with using of SPSS – 17 programme. According to
results of study patients with ACS of homozygote by minor allele T Ń677Ň MTHFR
gene polymorphism by main allele C and heterozygote were associated with high
homocysteine containing in plasma. While frequencies of T/T genotype was
reliably higher in patients with ACS with segment ST elevation and complicated
course compare with patients with ACS with segment ST elevation and
non-complicated course and ACS without climbs of segment ST. Also, statistically
reliable difference in genotypes distribution by C677T MTHFR gene polymorphism
in dependence on homocysteine plasma level and clinical course of ACS severity
were established. Tab. 3, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.13. Dermatoscopic features of pigmented and non-pigmented basal cell
carcinoma. /N. Kiladze, T. Shulaia, A.
Bulinska, L. Abrahamovych/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). –
2015. – #1(238). – pp. 50-53. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Basal cell carcinoma
(BCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, which accounts for about 75%
of all skin cancers, its early diagnosis is crucial for proper treatment. in
recent years, an increasingly important role in the early and differential
diagnosis of skin tumors plays dermatoscopy, making possible to improve the diagnosis
of pigmented and nonpigmented skin lesions, especially in the early stages of
development. the aim of this work is to study the dermatoscopic criteria for
pigmented and non-pigmented BCC using the algorithm of H. Kittler. Were studied
78 cases of different clinical types of BCC, diagnosis was based on clinical
and dermatoscopic picture with further confirmation by cytology. the obtained
data show that for pigmented BCC are characteristic five major signs of
dermatoscopy - lines, dots, clods, circles and pseudopodia, whereas for
non-pigmented form - pattern of blood vessels and, as an additional feature,
structureless areas. Further studies are needed to evaluate specific
dermoscopic hallmarks regarding different categories of BCC and sensitivity of
these dermatoscopic features. Tab. 1, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.2.14. The method of estimation of endothelium functional condition in patients
with essential arterial hypertension in combination with diabetes mellitus type
2. /M. Kochueva, Y.
Radzishevska, A. Linska, E. Radzishevska, E. Stepanets/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 53-60. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The
method of estimation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) of
the brachial artery has been elaborated to the patients with essential arterial
hypertension stage II in combination with diabetes mellitus type 2 using the
method of multivariate regression analysis as an alternative to the reactive
hyperemia test using high-resolution ultrasound. The method allows estimating
of EDVD of the brachial artery on the basis of five traditional parameters of
ultrasound diagnostics without special equipment. This simplifies the
diagnosis, significantly reduces its duration and might have widespread use in
the primary diagnosis. Fig. 3, Tab. 2, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.3.2.15. New markers of progression of chronic heart failure in patients with
myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes and obesity. /P. Kravchun, O. Kadykova, T. Gabisoniya/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 60-64. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Currently identified
have been a large number of biomarkers that are closely linked with the
development of chronic heart failure, some of which are clusterin and
fractalkine. Accordingly, the purpose of our study was - to evaluate the role
of clusterin and fractalkine in progression of chronic heart failure in
patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and obesity. We
investigated 71 patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis, type 2 diabetes
and obesity. All patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, diabetes and
obesity were divided into groups according to the functional class of chronic
heart failure (CHF). It was found that an increase in the level of fractalkine
and reduced clusterin leads due to the development of systolic dysfunction and
heart failure progression in patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis,
type 2 diabetes and obesity. Fractalkine and clusterin play an important role
in progression of the heart failure in patients with post-infarction
cardiosclerosis, diabetes type 2 and obesity, and this gives them the right to
be considered indicators of the severity of CHF. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.3.2.16. Atrial fibrillation after mitral valve replacement. /V. Tseluyko, A. Zhadan, E. Zedginidze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 65-69. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Atrial
fibrillation at patients with mitral valve disease is a common complication,
both before and after surgery. the analysis of factors associated with the risk
of atrial fibrillation in patients with mitral valvular disease was performed.
It has been established that the conduct of surgery in patients with mitral
valve contributes not only to improve the clinical course of the disease, but
also the restoration of sinus rhythm. Tab. 7, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.2.17. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis in combination with rheumatoid arthritis
(case report). /A. Toleuova, Zh.
Beysenbekova, D. Tayzhanova, Z. Tauesheva, Z. Guseinova/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 70-72. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The rheumatoid
arthritis in the structure of rheumatological diseases occupies about 10% and is
one of the most widespread inflammatory diseases of joints. the joint damage
often meeting by the nonspecific ulcerative colitis, but combination of
rheumatoid arthritis with nonspecific ulcerative colitis is rare. The article
describes a case of the nonspecific ulcerative colitis associated with
rheumatoid arthritis, in which arthritis occurred 8 years before the onset of
nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.3.2.18.
IGE-mediated food allergy – current
problems and future perspectives (review). /N. Lomidze, T. Gotua, M. Gotua/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 73-78. – eng.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The incidence and prevalence of FA have changed over
time, and many studies have indeed suggested a true rise in prevalence over the
past 10–20 years. Recent studies showed that prevalence of self-reported food
allergy is 17, 3%, versus challenged confirmed - 0.9%. the majority of allergic
reactions to foods, particularly in children, are suggested to be caused
primarily by eight foods, namely cow’s milk, egg, wheat, soy, peanut, tree
nuts, fish, and shellfish. Clinical symptoms of FA include skin,
gastrointestinal and systemic reaction anaphylaxis that might be
life-threatening and cause fatal reaction. Diagnosis of food allergy is based
on SPT, sIgE measurements, component resolved diagnostics (CRD) and
double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) tests. The primary
therapy for food allergy is strict avoidance of the causal foods. Patients
should be provided an emergency action plan, including how to administer an
epinephrine autoinjector. It is recommended that all infants be exclusively
breast-fed, without maternal diet restriction of allergens, until 4 to 6 months
of age. Recent studies have shown that oral immunotherapy (OIT) can induce
desensitization and modulate allergen-specific immune responses. Further work
to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of this therapy is ongoing
and needed before they are used in the main-stream care of children or adults
with food allergy. Ref. 42.
Auth.
b15.3.2.19. Possible mechanism of hyperemia in the skin caused by non-painful
mechanical pressure. /T.
Basiladze, G. Bekaia, N. Gongadze, N. Mitagvaria/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 83-89. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
It is believed that hyperemia in the skin,
resulting from applied weak mechanical pressure delays the development of
ischemia, and that it is a defensive neurovascular reaction against the local
pressure, which can be considered as a critical point in terms of prevention of
ischemia and, respectively, the risk for development of bedsores. Taking into
account that nitric oxide can be released from autonomic nerves and make a significant
contribution to the functioning of the mechanism of neurogenic vasodilation in
different tissues, and the fact that the same role can also play the calcitonin
gene-related peptide, the aim of this study was to clarify the role of each of
these factors in the development of local hyperemia caused by non-painful,
mechanical pressure on the skin. In experiments on white
rats with a quantitative measurement of the intensity of skin blood flow, it
was confirmed that in case of non-painful pressure acting on the skin,
two-phase reaction of local blood flow appears – at first there is an increase
in its level, and then an exponential decrease with stabilization at a level
below the initial one. Analysis of received
data allow to make conclusion that in realization of this phenomenon the role
of trigger element belongs to nitric oxide, and the role of the executing unit
- to calcitonin gene-related peptide. The effectiveness of this combined
mechanism is limited by development of dominance of pressure-induced mechanical
compression of cutaneous vessels over its vasodilator effect. Fig. 4,
Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.20. The influence of extracorporeal laser radiation on structural indices of
erythrocytes. /R. Khetsuriani, L.
Aladashvili, M. Arabuli, D. Tophuria, N. Tchlikadze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 94-97. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Object of the research
was to study the diffractometric indices of erythrocytes, while 1 ml of the
blood of the experimental animals was irradiated extracorporally by helium-neon
laser. for this purpose 1 ml blood was taken from normal weight, (1200 gr)
grown up chinchilla rabbits, that we divided into 7 groups and irradiated with
10 vat helium-neon laser during 0.5-1 minutes. After irradiation blood was
injected back to the organism of rabbits. After 2-6 hours from irradiation
blood was taken from veins, to study by electronic microscope and later to be
processed by diffractometric analysis method. The examinations testify that after extracorporeal irradiation
diffractometric characteristics of erythrocytes’ membranes are lower than after
general irradiation, which indicates to the different energetic possibilities
of laser. The extracorporeal irradiation, performed by laser and input
of radiated blood back to organism is considered to be a shock therapy from the
side of erythrocytes, which promote the defense function of the organism
itself. The base for the shock therapy should be important factors such as
homeostasis, compensative-adaptive mechanisms and so on. Exactly this above
mentioned should be manifested after the sensitized cells are led back to the
body (1 ml of blood) and with their existence they should promote display of
the defense mechanisms. Tab. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.2.21. Immediate and
long-term results of surgical treatment of benign breast disease. /A. Yazikov, V. Leonov, V. Andryushchenko, I.
Lukavenko/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
11-18. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Sector resection of the breast is the standard
surgical treatment of benign breast disease, but often it has unsatisfactory
outcomes. the aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the effectiveness
of surgical treatment of patients with benign breast diseases after sector
resection and after modification of the procedure. Classical sector resection
was performed on 45 women, 106 - underwent operations with using of plastic
surgery elements. The effectiveness of treatment was defined by the presence of
complications in the early postoperative period; the quality of life was
studied using questionnaires – the Short Form Medical Study (SF-36) and the
Breast Evaluation Questionnaire (BEQ) – before surgery and after 3 and 12
months after surgery. After sector resection was 44% of the complications in
the early postoperative period, after the developed techniques - 17%. 3 months
after the operation quality of life and aesthetic satisfaction of breast in
patients of both groups decreased. 1 year after sector resection the rates of
satisfaction of breast aesthetic appearance were significantly lower than the
preoperative level. in patients after modified operations at 1 year was
observed a significant improvement in well-being and satisfaction of aesthetic
appearance of breast. The method of sector resection has a greater number of
complications; it leads to deterioration of the aesthetic appearance of the
breast in 1 year after surgery. Surgery techniques with elements of mammaplasty
have fewer complications and improve quality of life after surgery. Tab. 6,
Ref. 23.
Auth.
b15.3.2.22. Periodontal diseases
in patients with vitamin D-resistant rickets. /N. Japaridze, V. Margvelashvili, M. Shengelia, T.
Chigladze, M. Kalandazde/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). –
2015. – #2(239). – pp. 23-26. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Objective is to define the risk of development of
periodontal diseases at vitamin D-resistant rickets. The material for the study
was based on the data from 13 children of 0-18 years with vitamin D-resistant
rickets (I group), 68 children with vitamin D-dependent rickets (II group), and
the control group included 61 children of the same ages. the patients were
divided into 3 age groups: I group of 0-5 years (deciduous/milk teeth
occlusion), II group of 6-12 of years (mixed bite), III group of 13-18 years
(permanent occlusion). For the qualitative data the differences between the
groups were detected by using F criteria but for the quantitative data the
differences between the groups were detected by Student’s t test for
independent selection. Mathematical processing was performed using statistical
software SPSS-22 in all three groups the gingivitis of mild and moderate forms
were fixed, among them acute course was revealed only in the group of vitamin
D-resistant rickets. The rate of chronic, local, catarrhal and generalized
gingivitis in the group of vitamin D-resistant rickets was reliably higher in
comparison with both vitamin D-dependent rickets and control groups. in
addition, a mild form of periodontitis with chronic course was revealed in all
three groups the rate of which was reliably higher in the group of vitamin
D-resistant rickets comparing with the ones of vitamin D-dependent rickets and
control groups. The rate of inflammatory periodontal diseases in children with
vitamin D-resistant rickets is higher than in children with vitamin D-dependent
rickets and the control groups. Fig. 1, Tab. 2, Ref. 14.
Auth.
b15.3.2.23. Influence of smoking
on audiological characteristics of hearing function. /Kh. Gegenava, Sh. Japaridze, Z. Kevanishvili, L.
Lomidze, T. Khechinashvili/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). –
2015. – #2(239). – pp. 27-31. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Cigarette smoking and related diseases are global
problem of health. Discussion regarding influence of smoking on hearing
function has been continued about 20 years. The aim of our study was estimation
of relation between smoking and development of cochlear neuritis. Research was
conducted at Ltd. National Centre of ENT - Japaridze-Kevanishvili clinic and
Ltd. Audiology National Center. The data were collected from September 2011 to
December 2013. Cross- sectional observational study was carried out. 600
persons (mean age - 45.4±10.4) were enrolled in the research. After filling the
informed consent persons were divided into two groups: smokers (300 smokers,
apparently healthy persons, mean age 44.3±10.6 years) and control group (300
healthy non-smoker persons, mean age 46.5±10.2 years). All persons completed a
questionnaire, which includes questions about smoking status too. The inclusion
criterion in smokers group was a smoking habit during 5 years at least 10
cigarettes per day. Otoscopy and Acoustic impedance test (timpanometry,
reflexometry, testing for Eustachian tube conductivity) were used for
verification of outer and middle-ear normality. Pure Tone Audiometry was
performed for hearing measure and identifies hearing nerve condition. Obtained
results were statistically treated by the student’s t-distribution. for
minimal level of significance was taken p<0,05. In smokers group hearing
loss was proved in 31.33% (94 persons) and in control group - in 17.34% (52
persons). Hearing-loss vs. normal-hearing ratio amounted hence to 0.46
(P<0.01) in the smokers group and to 0.21 (P<0.01) in the nonsmokers’.
Hearing loss in smokers may be provided by different pathological mechanisms.
Fig. 1, Ref. 26.
Auth.
b15.3.2.24. Current status on
the pathogenesis of progressive myopia. /I. Tserediani/. Georgian Medical News
(GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 31-35. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
In the article shown is the modern
diagnostic method of progressive myopia pathogenesis. Establishment of possible
myopia progress using the ultrasonographic biometry while looking into and into
and down contact equator at one and the same point. The
research goal is to study the residual deformative changes developed as a
result of sclera distraction during reading. We have researched 150 patients.
The patients were split in three groups according to the age and myopia type:
Group I included patients of the age of 5-12 years; Group II had patients of
the age of 13-19 years; Group III – patients above the 19 years. The used age differentiation is based on the eye
anatomic growth criteria. the research was held by the following scheme:
all the researches patients underwent the preliminary anesthesia drops
instillation; the ultrasonographic biometry catheter was put using one and the
same equator point. in the first position they established the front and back
axis size, in the second one – the eye size was established in the medial look
regime; in the third position - the eye size was established in the reading
regime. The data obtained are as follows: among the first group patients, aged
from 5 to 12 years, in reading regime the eye size was increased in 93% cases;
among the second group patients, aged from 13 to 19 years, in reading regime
the eye size was increased in 90% cases; among the third group patients, aged
above 19 years - 91% cases. The reason why the sclera capsule distraction
during reading regime is that of the extraocular muscles and growth of the
intraocular pressure influence the process. Because the sclera is fibrotic
membrane, it is characterized with well-marked elasticity, stronger
accommodation and the sigh load in the near distance causes sclera capsule
distraction. After the contraction the residual deformation stays there.
Accumulation of such residual deformations causes the sclera weakness and
formation of myopia as a disease. According to the data obtained, it is
necessary to work out the certain recommendations, from the sclera nutrition
and other medical preparations standpoint. Improvement of the sclera nutrition
will slacken the residual changes in sclera, and this will significantly decrease
the myopic disease advancing. Fig. 3, Ref. 24.
Auth.
b15.3.2.25. Aberrant expression
of Fc-receptors and toll like receptor CD180 on
monocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. /T. Tsertsvadze, N. Mitskevich, D. Ghirdaladze, N.
Porakishvili/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
35-38. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common
leukaemia in the US and in Europe, including Georgia. Patients with CLL are susceptible
to infectious diseases as a result of both, the disease progression and
chemotherapy that indicates deficiency of immune responses to pathogens,
including innate immunity, mediated by monocytes. Monocytes are also often
recruited by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which express anti-tumor toxicity
through Fc-receptor
(FcR)-mediated
phagocytosis of opsonized leukemic cells. In this paper we address of monocytes
functional status through assessment of the patterns of expression of Fc
receptors CD64, CD32, CD16 and CD180 receptor on monocytes from CLL patients
and healthy individuals using specific mAbs and flow cytometry. Our data
demonstrate that monocytes from peripheral blood of CLL patients lack
expression of CD64 and CD16 as well as CD180 that would substantially undermine
their ability to contribute to anti-bacterial immune responses. in addition,
aberrant expression of CD64 would negatively affect the efficiency of
antibody-mediated immunotherapies. Fig. 4, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.2.26. The effectiveness of
empirical antibiotic therapy of pyelonephritis in patients with type 2 diabetes
and without depending on the availability of plasmid-mediated resistance genes.
/O. Chub, A. Bilchenko/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 39-43. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Multi-drug resistance has been increasing in the
treatment of urinary tract infections, especially complicated. the prevalence
of plasmid-mediated resistance genes among urinary pathogens has nether been
studied in Ukraine. So, the aim of our study was to identify the
plasmid-mediated resistance genes and to determine their impact on the efficacy
of the treatment. A total of 105 adult patients with chronic pyelonephritis
were included in the study. Among them, 32 patients were diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus. the diagnosis of pyelonephritis was verified according to
the criteria EAU, 2013. Plasmid-mediated resistance genes were determined by
polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of plasmid-mediated resistance
mechanisms among patients with pyelonephritis were 44,4%. ESBLs was the most
common isolated genes. Favorable clinical response was seen in 11/31 (35,5%)
infected with ESBL-producing organisms compared with 59/74 (79,7%) patients
with non–ESBL-producing organisms (p<0,05). in 16% of patients with
resistance organisms antimicrobial agent was changed. Antibiotic efficiency was reduced in patients with complicated
pyelonephritis due to presence of plasmid-mediated resistance genes. Therefore,
proper management for prescription of ŕntibiîtics and also idĺntificŕtiîn of
ESBL-producing bacteria in communities are important for prevention. Fig.
4, Ref. 14.00
Auth.
b15.3.2.27. Early repolarization
as a predictor of premature ventricular beats. /Z. Matoshvili, Sh. Petriashvili, A. Archvadze, I.
Azaladze/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
44-47. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Early repolarization pattern (ERP) is a common ECG
variant, characterized by J point elevation manifested either as terminal QRS
slurring (the transition from the QRS segment to the ST segment) or notching (a
positive deflection inscribed on terminal QRS complex) associated with concave
upward ST-segment elevation and prominent T waves in at least two contiguous
leads. Aim of this observational study was to compare number of premature
ventricular beats in the different groups of patients with early
repolarization. The result of this observational study shows that there are:
1,74 fold higher number of premature ventricular beats in 41-74 year subgroup
VS 19-40 year subgroup; 1,31 fold higher number of premature ventricular beats
in male subgroup VS female subgroup (But this difference is not statistically
significant, because t=1,49, p=0,141); 2,85 fold higher number of premature
ventricular beats in CAD+ERP subgroup VS ERP without CAD subgroup; 1,74 fold
higher number of premature ventricular beats in HF+ERP subgroup VS ERP without
HF subgroup; 1,81 fold higher number of premature ventricular beats in CAD+ERP
subgroup VS CAD without ERP subgroup; 1,58 fold higher number of premature
ventricular beats in HF+ERP subgroup VS HF without ERP subgroup; So, CAD+ERP is
very arrhythmogenic condition, after this is
HF+ERP, Then Age. This study shows that ERP independently increase number of
PVB in different groups (CAD, HF). This is principally new and very important
result. Also the number of patients is enough to make this conclusion. Tab.
7, Ref. 14.
Auth.
b15.3.2.28. Study
of CK-MB activity in patients with acute myocardial infarction after
percutaneous coronary intervention. /N. Emukhvari, E. Tsetskhladze, Kh. Khijakadze, I. Mamatsashvili, R.
Napetvaridze/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
47-51. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
The research has been carried out
in patients of TSMU Cardiovascular Department of A.Aladashvili University
Clinic. 105 patients with acute myocardial infarction have been involved in the
study, which undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). for
several years coronary angioplasty has been proposed to be an effective method,
but in spite of its well-developed technique, probability of myocardial injury
is still high which appears to have no clinical or electrocardiographic
manifestations and is diagnosed only by elevation of cardiac marker level.
According to our study data after successful PCI elevation of CK-MB mass was
observed in 34.4% patients, majority of those patients had STEMI. in II group
the age of patients was higher compared to I group. There were more patients with
diabetes mellitus (38.8%), dyslipidemia (86.1%) and patients with low left
ventricular ejection fraction (50%). Also there were more patients with
previous MI and damage of 3 coronary arteries. Hence age, diabetes mellitus,
dyslipidemia, left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, number of damaged
coronaries might be considered as predictors of CK-MB elevation after
successful PCI. Solid elevation of CK-MB after procedure was also associated
with increased hospital complications rate, 30-day and 6 months hospitalization
rate and 6 months mortality rate. It should be noted that from 36 patients who
developed solid (24 h) elevation of CK-MB after PCI CK-MB mass was increased in
all cases, while the concentration was elevated only in 16 cases. It proves
that CK-MB mass is more significant criteria of myocardial injury. Tab.
2, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.2.29. Clinical efficacy of
calcium channel blockers slow the third generation of lercanidipine in the
treatment of patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders
(review). /G. Tabidze, T. Kezeli, T.
Tsibadze, N. Dolidze/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
51-56. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Arterial hypertension is the most common risk factor in
patients with metabolic disorders. in the selection of antihypertensive therapy
it is necessary to consider not only the anti-hypertensive and organoprotective
effects of drugs and their metabolic effects, which has prognostic value.
Calcium antaginists along with Lercanidipine related to the third generation
dihydripyridine calcium antagonist, have been much more selective for the
so-called slow calcium channels of vascular smooth muscle cells, which is
associated with a good hypertensive, organo and metabolic action. Combination
therapy with an ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker is also a justified
tactic for the management of patients with high-risk cardiovascular and
metabolic disorders. Attention is paid new fixed combinations, including angiotensin
converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists. Ref. 41.
Auth.
b15.3.2.30. Vasoplegia in septic
shock (review). /M.
Gamkrelidze, N. Intskirveli, K. Vardosanidze, Kh. Chikhladze, L. Goliadze, L.
Ratiani/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
56-62. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Vasoplegia is considered as a key factor responsible
for the death of patients with septic shock, due to persistent and irreversible
hypotension. The latter associated with vascular hyporeactivity to
vasoconstrictors is a significant independent prognostic factor of mortality in
severe sepsis. Loss of control of the vascular tone occurs through the complex,
multifactorial mechanism and implicates deeply disrupted balance between
vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. the aim of this review is to discuss in
detail the recent suggested alternative mechanisms of vasoplegia in severe
sepsis: Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by activation of inducible form of
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); up-regulation of prostacyclin (PG12); vasopressin
deficiency; significantly elevated levels of circulating endothelin; increased
concentrations of vasodilator peptides such as adrenomedulin (AM) and
calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP); oxidative stress inducing endothelial
dysfunction and vascular hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictors; inactivation of
catecholamines by oxidation; over-activation of ATP-sensitive potassium
channels (KATP channels) during septic shock and their involvement in
vascular dysfunction. The review also discusses some therapeutic approaches
based on pathogenetic mechanisms of severe sepsis and their efficacy in
treatment of patients with septic shock. The loss of vascular tone control
occurs through the complex, multifactorial mechanism and implicates deeply
disrupted balance between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators in the pathogenesis
of septic shock. Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by the inducible form of
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); up-regulation of prostacyclin (PG12); vasopressin
deficiency; elevated levels of circulating endothelin; increased concentrations
of vasodilator peptides such as adrenomedulin (AM) and calcitonin gene-related
peptide (CGRP); oxidative stress inducing endothelial dysfunction and vascular
hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictors; inactivation of catecholamines by
oxidation; over-activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP
channels) and their involvement in vascular dysfunction – all these factors
combined together lead to steady refractory shock with the lethal outcome in
patients. Ref. 45.
Auth.
b15.3.2.31. Abdominal organ
donation: surgical aspects and recommended practice guidelines for controlled
donation of brain-dead donor. /E. Matevossian, D. Kordzaia, Z. Chkhaidze, N. Khodeli, J.
Partsakhashvili, Z. Khachiperadze, D. Doll, G. Lobzhanidze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 81-89. – eng.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The shortage of organ donors along with the increased
number of waiting recipients have created the need for new strategies to expand
the organ pool from donations after brain death. Organ procurement from
brain-dead deceased donors is a complex task. Multiple, complicated operations
are performed simultaneously. Very often, this involves numerous physicians and
transplant coordinators. An extensive coordination between the thoracic and
abdominal surgical teams is crucial for the successful procurement of all
suitable organs. the quality of donor organs and the successful recovery
therefore depends on a good communication. Organ procurement for
transplantation should generally be performed in a calm and dignified
atmosphere. the last wishes of the organ donor itself or the relatives must be
respected unconditionally. In general, a dignified and respectful treatment of
the organ donor is a condition sine qua non for each person involved in the
process of organ procurement. The purpose of this article was to focus on the
surgical aspects of organ donation after brain death. the proposed recommendations,
in cases where they are applicable, are acceptable, however, one should never
forget the importance of the ethical side of the issue with respect to the
doctor-donating side relationship. Fig. 8, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.32. Skin defect modeling
in experimental animals. /A. Oleshko, V. Kornienko, Tu. Tkachenko, V. Kurganskaya/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 103-108. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
To assess the skin regeneration
and explore new medical devices for the treatment of skin defects is necessary
to conduct long-term experiments using laboratory animals. Currently, there are
many methods for skin trauma modeling but most of them have disadvantages that
limit their use. The purpose of this work - the development of an experimental
model of the formation of skin defect of various etiologies with the specified
parameters of depth and area of damage to the absence of systemic effects on
the animal’s body. We have developed an installation that allows us to form a
skin defect of mechanical, thermal and chemical etiology with area from 1.76
cm2 to 2.0 cm2. The experiment was conducted on 18 male laboratory rats to
examine the effectiveness of current method and control the depth and area of
the defect. As a result of the new methodology, we were able to carry out
simulation skin injuries of different etiology on laboratory animals in the
short term and reduce the severity of injuries to extend the life span of
animals to monitor the repair processes, as well as to standardize the modeling
of injuries according to the criteria of area and depth of the defect. Fig. 2,
Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.3.2.33. Microbial structure of postoperative infectious
complications, after hip replacement and osteosynthesis of long bones. /N. Avazashvili, I. Mchedlishvili, D. Chikviladze, Kh. Gachechiladze, M. Mikeladze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014.
– v. XLVIII. – pp. 3-5. – geo.; abs.: eng.
In this article, there are given data of microbiological
research, which was performed in patients with postoperative infectious complications after hip replacement and osteosynthesis of long bones. Research was performed in traumatology
department during 2014. The study found that microbial structure
of infectious complications after both types of surgical
interventions are similar, and in both cases gram-positive microflora nearly 1,5 times prevailed over gram-negative flora. Also, it was found out, that the formation of complications themselves is caused by separate microbes
as monoinfection, and also by some microbial associations.
Tab. 2, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.2.34.
Rare location of gallstones in acute chelocystitis.
/G. Azmaiparashvili, G. Tomadze, A. Megreladze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp. 7-9. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Gallstones may cause no symptoms and are occasionally discovered as an incidental finding when abdominal
imaging is carried out for some other reason. 1-4% of asymptomatic patients
in the adult Western world develop symptoms
annually. the most common presentations are biliary colic (56%) and acute cholecystitis (36%). 10-15% of people in the adult Western world develop gallstones. in the presented article
rare localization of gallstones in case
of acute cholecystitis has been described. 61 years old female was admitted in our clinic as emergency case complaining on pain in RUQ, nausea,
vomiting. Ultrasound revealed
acute obstructive cholecystitis with multiple stones in
the gallbladder. The patients
underwent the laparoscopic removal of gallbladder. Postoperative exploration of gallbladder revealed
just one impacted
in the cystic duct stones
vs multiple stones
found preoperatively by ultrasound. Further
survey revealed multiple small stones impacted in the wall of gallbladder and covered by mucous layer.
the presented case is interesting because of rare location of gallstones in the wall of gallbladder.
Fig. 1, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.2.35.
Vaginal hysterectomy – the 21st century approach.
/T. Asatiani, A. Tarashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.11 -15. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
The vaginal
route is a safe, feasible
and patient friendly method of performing a hysterectomy. It is a 21-st Century
approach, thanks to tools, techniques and other refinements form the fields of obstetrics and gynecology. Vaginal hysterectomy
with surgical advances can be used more frequently.
Tab. 3, Ref. 11
Auth.
b15.3.2.36.
Role of lipid metabolism in pathogenesis of skin aging.
/K. Berianidze, M. Papava, A. Katsitadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.25 -27. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
The purpose of the study was establishment of role of dyslipidemia in the pathogenesis of skin aging
in menopausal women.
Qualitative assessment of the women’s skin was investigated by device ARAMO SG“, in venous blood lipid
metabolism parameters (LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol) was studied. in menopausal women the pigmentation level was in- creased, in some cases the small dark brown spots
on the neck and eye area was revealed.
in menopausal women blood estradiol
level decreased, while LDL-cholesterol and total
cholesterol content increased significantly in comparison with the same parameters
of women of reproductive age. Positive correlation between pigmentation level and spots distribution on the skin and blood
LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride content was revealed (r = 0.423, p =
0.0016; r = 0.564, p = 0.002; r = 0.486, p = 0.05, respectively). It was concluded
that spots on the women skin are more
frequently associated with menopause and the development of dyslipidemia. Our research gives possibility to propose that aging
spots on the women’s
skin can be a marker
of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.
Tab. 2, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.3.2.37.
Somatic and cancer stem cells and their markers
in female reproductive system. /R. Beriashvili, G. Burkadze, N. Kikalishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.27 -31. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Stem cells play a pivotal role in the physiology
of the normal Female Reproductive System and are likely to be
involved in the response of these tissues to injury and dis- ease.
Many studies have provided strong evidence for the
existence of stem cells in the human
endometrium and ova- ry. Normal stem cells are capable of regenerating themselves, produce
a progeny of cells that differentiate and maintain tissue architecture and functional characteristics, and respond to homeostatic controls.
Complete characterization of these
stem/progenitor cells will improve our understanding of the
mechanisms supporting physiological regeneration of the reproductive system. Additionally, further investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical correlation between cancer
stem cells population features, poor prognosis and progression free survival. Moreover, is important to establish the functional relationship between markers, since it is known
that some are also widely expressed and shared by normal
tissues and stem cells. It is described
a number of studies supporting the existence of somatic stem cells in the normal tissues and cancer stem cells in tumors of the human female
reproductive system. Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.3.2.38.
Data of lipid metabolism in hypertensive women of reproductive and postmenopausal
age. /M. Buleishvili, N. Lobjanidze, N. Chavchanidze, T. Giorgobiani/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.37-38. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
Purpose of research was determination the role
of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of hypertension in menopausal
women. The study was conducted on postmenopausal and of reproductive aged women with a diagnosis
of hypertension. In women data of clinical history
were collected, in women
blood samples lipid metabolism parameters (LDL, HDL, VLDL total cholesterol and triglycerides) were determined.
Based on the results of study it was concluded that in
postmenopausal women estrogen-dependent changes in markers of lipid metabolism were detected. in particular, the LDL-cholesterol level increased by 28% (p <.001), triglycerides - by 16% (p <005)
and total cholesterol - by 58% (p
<.001), the antiatherogenic lipid HDL content to decreased. in reproductive women
prevailed in the first stage
of hypertension (JNC-7
classification) and in postmenopausal women - the center of gravity
is distributed on the second stage.
in women with genetic predisposition to cardiovascular diseases
dyslipidemia revealed in as reproductive also postmenopausal aged women, a positive correlation between VLDL- cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides level and negative
correlation between HDL–cholesterol content and severity of arterial hypertension was detected both reproductive and postmenopausal age. Tab. 3, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.2.39.
Hypoglycemic conditions in diabetes mellitus in the elderly.
/D. Gabunia, M. Burduli, M. Jibladze, N.
Begishvili, N. Gogokhia/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII.
– pp.41 -43. – geo.; abs.: eng.
We investigated type 2 diabetes
mellitus 42 geriatric
patients with a variety
of causes and severity of hypoglycemia. Despite
the severity of hypoglycemia, no typical symptoms were detected (sweating, tremor, tachycardia). Common observed symptoms
were weakness, aggression, irritability, nightmares, dizziness, and temporary
episodes of memory loss transient amnesia.
in severe cases seizures and psycho-motor agitation.
Hypoglycemia also revealed links to family
conflicts, limitation of cognitive functions, frustration, social isolation
and other consequences. Fear of hypoglycemia has not been shown in the majority
of patients (36), as far as atypical
symptoms were not associated with lower blood
glucose levels. This should be an
explanation to long lasting and frequent episodes of hypoglycemia in this group of patients.
To avoid this complication in elderly and for improvement of quality of life needed permanent contact with doctor, motivational therapy, sessions and individual case management inclusive informing the patient
and family members.
Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.40. The use of Lazolex during
complex treatment of chronic recurrent apthous stomatitis. /M.Gogotishvili, N. Abashidze, M. Iverieli,
Kh. Gogishvili, N. Gogebashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 51-53. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The aim of our research was to study
efficiency of applying the new national gelLazolex (5%) during the treatment of chronic recurrent
apthous stomatitis. To achieve
this aim we examined and treated 19-55 years old 54 patients. the patients were divided into two groups. Each group included
27-27 patients. We used the same treatment in both groups, but in the first group during the local treatment we applied the gel Lazolex and in the second group we used the ointment zovirax(5%). Studies of our examination showed that the 19 patients
(70,37±0,42%) from the first group 27(50±50) had important improvement, 6 patients (22,22±1,87%) had improvement. there was no efficiency in 2 patients
(7,41±1,87%) with grave forms of chronic recurrent
apthous stomatitis. in the second group after applying
Zovirax only five patients
from 27 (50±0,5%) had important improvement with the easy forms of chronic recurrent apthous stomatitis (18,52±0,9%) improvement was shown with 15 patients
(55,6±0,8%). 7 patients
(26,16±1,67%) from which 2 had grave forms and 5 had medium forms of disease had no efficiency.
It
is concluded that applying of national gel Lazolex (5%) accelerates the epithelisation on lips and skin and growth
the remission process of disease. It does not have side effects.
Thus, it is recommended to apply Lazolex during the treatment of chronic recurrent
apthous stomatitis. Tab. 2,
Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.2.41.
The antiviral treatment of HCV chronic patients with pegilated interferon
Á-2a (pegteron) and ribavirin (copegus).
/E. Vashakidze, T. Gegeshidze, Jangavadze, M. Kvitashvili /.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.62-65. – geo.; abs.: eng.
C Hepatitis is trigger of such severe
disease like is liver
Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. According to nonexact statistical figures of 2010 year 46, 4 new cases were found
on 100 000 population. That is alarming data. Up to
date only 100-200 patients took antiviral treatment annually, because
of expensive prices. Since 2014 of July 1 in Georgia
started the program
of antiviral therapy
of HCV with financial support
of Government. Due to this program the treatment became available
for the large population. the purpose of research represented to find out the effectiveness of combined antiviral therapy of HCV.
The patients’ data are analyzed
according to their
gender, age, genotype of HCV, the level of fibrotic damage
of liver. 67 patients were under the investigation: 53 (79.1%) – men, 14 (20.9%) – women. the middle age of patients was 40-60 years. Majority
were men. The level of liver damage was more severe in men. According to genotypes the 16 and 3 genotypes
are dominants. The combined genotype 1b/2k was revealed through 3 patients.
The rapid viral response was quite high –8(61.5%), but earlier viral response was
50 (84.7%). At the end of treatment
after 24 weeks the viral response
was 100% – HCV RNA was undetectable, though the elimination C virus will show the final result
of PCR test after 24 weeks from the finishing of treatment.
Tab. 2, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.2.42.
Predictors of hemorrhagic colitis complicated by HUS.
/E. Vashakidze, T. Megrelishvili, E. Pachkoria/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.65-67. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The aim of the study was: Study of hemorrhagic colitis clinical features and causative agents peculiarities. Manifestation of clinical predictors of HUS by detection of Shiga-toxin of EHEC at the early stage of the disease.
Based on our findings
we were able to reveal predictors of complications of hemorrhagic colitis by HUS. They include
Predictors of complications of hemorrhagic colitis by HUS: the
middle age females; Delayed hospitalization; Low-grade fever at the early stage of the disease ; Manifestation of bloody diarrhea
on the second day of the disease;
Leukocytosis in hemogram; Hypoalbuminemia; Proteinuria; Development
of
Ascites; frequent vomiting; slight leucocystosis on coprology; Self -treatment with antibiotics.
Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.2.43.
Clinical and laboratory features of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: predictors
of fatality. /E. Vashakidze, I. Mikadze/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.67- 69. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus transmitted to humans by Hyalomma ticks or by direct contact with the blood of infected humans or domestic
animals. the most common clinical
signs of CCHF are fever, nausea, headache, diarrhea,
myalgia, petechial rash, and bleeding. CCHF is a severe disease in humans with a fatality rate up to 15- 85%. This study was undertaken to determine the predictors of fatality among patients with CCHF based on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings. 34 patients were enrolled in the study, 2 of them were
fatal cases. Most of them were from the Shua (Inner) Kartli: Khashuri, Gori and
Kaspi districts, involved in farming livestock and the history of tick bite was
present in most of patients. The results of our study show the most cardinal
clinical and laboratory features of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever are - acute
beginning of disease, high fever, intoxication and hemorrhagic symptoms,
thrombocytopenia, high level of aminotransferases and creatine. Predictors of
fatality are: an altered mental status, in early stage of disease dramatic
decreased thrombocytes count and significantly high level of aspartate
aminotransferase, also longer the mean prothrombin time and INR. Tab.1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.2.44.
Diagnosis and management of the undercortex localization intracerebral
hemorrhages. /I. Verulashvili, T. Goletiani, M. Kortushvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.69-71. – geo.; abs.: eng.
In TSMU University Clinic’s Stroke unit and “DKC” Neurology department the complex examination (CT, MRI, digital
EEG, EKG) and complex
treatment of 54 patients with intracerebral hemorrhages of undercortex localization at acute stage of disease and in the dynamics (1-3, 8-10 and 18-21
days) has been carried out. Thirty-three patients
(61.1%) diagnosed lateral hemorrhages, 5 (9.3 %) – medial and
16 patients (29.6 %) have mixed hemorrhages. the assessment of motive and speech disorders
and their dynamics
in process of treatment
was investigated and discharged by scores according
NIHSS scale. the patients were separated
in two equipollent randomized groups with identical
complex treatment (hemostatics, angioprotectors, diuretics,
antispasmatics and etc.) except one moment in first group was
added antioxidante mexibat.
Our study showed
that the intramuscular admission of mexibat (2 ml twice
per day) in complex therapy of intracerebral hemorrhages was more successfully in improving of movement and gnostic disorders, against the patients, who didn’t take this medicine. So, in cases of intracerebral hemorrhages of undercortex localization the early administration of antioxidants significantly increased
the good outcome
of stroke. Tab. 1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.2.45. Diagnosis
and management of women with stroke during pregnancy/postpartum: the recorded
data review of European and US neurologic centers (2008-2013). /I. Verulashvili, M. Kortushvili, T. Goletiani/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.71-74. – eng.; abs.:
geo.
Pregnancy is a unique situation in that both the mother and the fetus must be taken into account.
Cerebrovascular disorders in pregnancy have been associated with increased
maternal morbidity as well as with increased
perinatal morbidity and mortality. The studies suggest that there is a strong association between
hypertensive disorders and both cerebral
hemorrhage and cerebral
infarction. However,
it must be emphasized that the presence of hypertension may be a result of the findings of stroke similar to those of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. The history and physical examination are an extremely important
part of the diagnostic procedure. MRI and MRI angiography are usually the next step in diagnosis. MRI has several
advantages, including its ability
to
image the posterior fossa and brain stem reliably. It is also quicker to identify ischemic changes (within 45 minutes) than CT scans. MRI, than CT scans, does not appear to be associated with short-term risk to the fetus. Once a diagnosis
is made, management depends on the cause and should proceed in a multidisciplinary fashion.
the treatment of cerebral stroke
during pregnancy should
focus on four main imperatives: 1) protect the salvageable brain
tissue; 2) control physiologic factors, such as blood pressure; 3) prevent further complications (as aspiration, cardiovascular insufficiency, etc.);
4) facilitate physical
rehabilitation. Although the incidence of stroke is extremely low, the complications are serious (maternal
mortality to be as high as 26%). So, it is important
for practitioner doctors,
and not only for neurologists to be aware of the causes, diagnostic
techniques and management strategies for stroke in order to achieve the best outcome
for the mother and fetus. Tab. 4, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.2.46.
Procalcitonin for the early prediction of renal parenchymal involvement in
children with UTI. /B. Zenaishvili, G. Chitaia, N. Manjavidze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.78–80. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
A low PCT value at admission indicates a low risk of long term renal scarring. Increased PCT values at admission correlate with the presence of scars. PCT values have proved to be more specific than CRP and leukocyte count for identifying patients who might develop renal damage. This parameter is correlated with the severity of renal involvement at the time of diagnosis of febrile UTI and also with the risk of permanent scarring. Therefore, PCT measurements could be a valuable
tool for the treatment of children with febrile UTIs.
Fig. 2, Tab. 1, Ref. 20.
Auth.
b15.3.2.47.
The role of magnesium in development of cardiovascular system diseases.
/R. Tabukashvili, V. Kapetivadze, N. Gegeshidze, Kh. Tchaava/. Tbilisi
State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII.
- pp.80 – 84. – geo.; abs.: eng.
For many diseases of cardiovascular system
are characterized by deficiency of magnesium, this cause endothelial dysfunction and endothelial NO deficiency, which develop dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, and consequently result in development of ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension. As one of its features magnesium can be used as
an anti-arrhythmic substance, it can antagonize action of calcium,
it is membrane stabilizing, prevents cellular loss of potassium
and prolongation of Q-T interval
on ECG.in ischemic heart disease,
addition of magnesium to the standard therapy, normalized lipid profile, improved
rheological features of blood and transportation of formed elements
by decreasing platelet
aggregating capacity.
in the medical literature it was suggested
that in mitral prolapse addition of magnesium to the treatment could decrease the severity of mitral prolapse
and degree of mitral regurgitation.
Ref. 30.
Auth.
b15.3.2.48.
Two rare congenital anomalies of gallbladder. /G.Tomadze, A. Megreladze, G. Azmaiparashvili, G. Danelia/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. - pp.84 – 86. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Variations of the gallbladder anatomy, cystic duct and its point of union with the common hepatic duct are surgically important.
The classic description of the extrahepatic biliary
tree and its arteries
applies only in about one third of patients.
The gallbladder may have abnormal
positions, be intrahepatic, be rudimentary, have anomalous forms, or be duplicated. Isolated
congenital absence of the gallbladder is rare. Duplication of the gallbladder with two separate cavities and two separate cystic ducts has an incidence
of about one in every 4000 persons. A partial or totally intrahepatic gallbladder is associated with an increased incidence of cholelithiasis. Small ducts (of Luschka) may drain directly
from the liver into the body of
the gallbladder. If present, but not recognized at the time of a cholecystectomy, abile leak with accumulation
of bite (biloma) may occur in the abdomen. An accessory right hepatic duct
occurs in about 5 percent of patients. Anomalies of the hepatic artery and the
cystic artery are quite common, occurring in as many as 50 percent of patients.
In the presented article we described two rare cases of gallbladder anomaly. In
the first case gallbladder was divided into two independent spaces and
independent cystic ducts joining and forming “common cystic duct”. In the
second case gallbladder`s cavity was partially divided into two parts just only
in its fundal area. Presented cases are interesting because of their rarity.
Fig. 1, Ref. 14.
Auth.
b15.3.2.49. Assessment of fine motor development using Denver II
and parent’s questionnaire. /E. Kandelaki, N. Kavlashvili, M. Kherkheulidze, I. Chkhaidze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.92 – 94. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The early detection of developmental problems in children is essential
for primary health care. It leads to timely
referral in case of problems
and effective interventions. the success of early identification depends on instruments used by skilled clinicians. Parents are the valuable sources
of information. the doubts of parents about their children’s development should be considered. Parent’s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) is used to bring out parents
concern which is the useful
and widely used tool for developmental screening. DENVER II is another widely used assessment tool for clinician. Assess effectives of developmental assessment of fine motor
skills in 5 years children
group with PEDS and DENVER II.
A total of 249 parent-child pairs were recruited
in the Child developmental center at M. Iashvili Central Children Hospital in 2012-2013 years. the Parents Evaluations of Developmental Status (PEDS) was completed by interview. the developmental screening test was administered by using Denver II. the items of fine motor skills were compared
in both screening tools.
Parents certain concern
in developmental delay was 39 % and suspected
Denver II was 10%. 55% of parents were
satisfied with children’s fine motor development. DENVER II assessment does not revealed
problem in 51%. the agreement of PEDS and Denver II was 0.24 (Kappa = 0.24).
PEDS could play a role in detection
of developmental problems
but was not a good tool in primary
screening. Therefore, significant concerns of parents
about their children’s development are the decisive information for referral to have further administration. in other words, parents concerns could have far more advantage than the screening
test in reviling child’s problems
in fine motor
development. Tab. 3, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.2.50.
Long term transbronchial catheterization in the management of acute and chronic
lung abscess. /D. Magalashvili, N. Lomidze, L. Akhmeteli, N. Khotenashvili, L. Saginashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.119 – 120. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The long termtransnasal, transbronchial catheterization of abscess cavity in the treatment of 33 patient with acute and
chronic lung abscess in addition to conventional methods had been used.
Antibiotics and proteolytic drugs were injected into the abscess
cavity in frequency, which is necessary for effective impact on flora and adequate sanation and drainage of the
abscess. Used method improves the results of treatment, reduces its time and cost. in addition,
mentioned approach
can avoid frequent usage of invasive
and expensive manipulation - bronchoscopy. Based on above mentioned, transnasal, transbronchial long term catheterization of abscess cavity is advisable
in the treatment of lung abscess. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.2.51.
Atypical manifestation of peptic ulcer perforation.
/A. Megreladze, G. Tomadze, G. Azmaiparashvili, E. Ardia/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection
of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.121 – 123. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Peptic ulcers may present
with a wide variety of symptoms, or may be completely asymptomatic, sometimes until complications such as hemorrhage or perforation occur. the “classic”
symptoms of duodenal
ulcer occur when acid is secreted in the absence
of a food buffer. Classic ulcer symptoms occur two to five hours after meals or on an empty stomach. Symptoms also occur at night. Gastric ulcer has
classically been associated with more severe
pain occurring soon after meals, with less frequent
relief by Antacids
or Food. Discomfort occurs in the epigastrium in about two-thirds of symptomatic patients,
but may occasionally localize to the right or left upper quadrants or the hypochondrium. Radiation of pain to the back may occur, but primary
back pain is atypical.
20 to
50 percent of complicated ulcers present without heralding symptoms; this “silent”
presentation is more frequent in elderly
patients and individuals consuming NSAIDs. A case of atypical presentation of peptic ulcer perforation is described in the article.
the 63 years old male patient
had perforation of post-bulbar ulcer.
Duodenal ulcers are generally located
in the duodenal bulb within 2 to 3 cm of
the pylorus. Ulcers distal to the duodenal
bulb are called post-bulbar ulcers and were found in 10 percent
of cases in a
necropsy series. No clinical features clearly distinguish post-bulbar ulcers,
although a higher rate of complications has been
reported. In presented
case pain had been started
from the back, fever. Patient
was treated as urological problem.
Just after 24 hours pain was shifted
to the right part of abdomen and peptic ulcer
perforation was diagnosed. Late operation
was the reason of postoperative complication and reoperation. The presented case is interesting because of atypical manifestation of perforation. Ref.
9.
Auth.
b15.3.2.52.
Sleep position in infants. /N. Kavlashvili, M. Kherkheulidze, E. Kandelaki, I.
Chkhaidze, N. Manjavidze, N. Adamia/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.149 –
151. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that infants should be placed for
sleep in a supine position (on the back). Side sleeping is not as safe as
supine sleeping and is not recommended as well. the back position is the safest
and most preferred, it prevents development of SIDS. Bed sharing with parents
also increases risk of SIDS. the aim of our study was assessment of sleep
position in infants using special questionnaire for parents. To fulfill this
aim we interviewed 58 parents of infants who admitted to Child Development
Center at Iashvili Children’s Central Hospital. Inclusion criteria were – child
age 1-6 month and parents’ informed consent. Parents were chosen by simple
randomization method. 2 questionnaires weren’t fully filled, so only 56 were
analyzed using SPSS 16 program. the results of our study showed that most of
infants (96%) slept in parents’ room, only 4% - in separate room. 43% are
sleeping in a supine position (on the back), 21% prone position (on the
stomach) and the rest 36% in a side position. the one third of infants share
bed with parents. Most of infants sleep in unsafe position, it is known that
bed sharing as well as sleeping on stomach or side increases risk of SIDS. No
differences in the use bed sharing were observed by mother’s age, education,
residential setting, or parity. Young mothers were significantly more likely to
use safe sleep position. Mothers with high education used mainly supine sleep
position for their infants. Mothers from rural region put their infants for
sleep on side. Parity also correlated with sleep position, first infants mainly
were put to sleep in safe position, while mothers who have more than 1 child
used side or prone position. As the results of our study showed, most of
mothers are not aware of safe sleep positions for their infants. Primary health
care staff should encourage parents to place their babies to sleep on their
backs in their own bed. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref. 23.
Auth.
b15.3.2.53. Features of
psycho-adaptive mechanisms in patients with vitiligo.
/N. Tsiskarishvili, A. Katsitadze, E. Chkonia, N.I. Tsiskarishvili, Ts.
Tsiskarishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. - pp.158 – 160. – eng.; abs.: geo.
Despite of some
progress in the study of the vitiligo achieved in recent years, many questions
concerning the pathogenesis and treatment of this dermatosis remain either
highly controversial or unsolved. Among these less clear problems we can name
the role of psychological and personality traits that depend on neurochemical
changes mediating the effect of stress in the patient’s. An Information about
the role of psychological characteristics in formation of the various forms of
vitiligo is inhomogeneous and sometimes contradictory, similar can be said
about the nature and role of premorbid psychological characteristics in genesis
of dermatosis. The aim of the study was to identify the role of psychological
characteristics in the pathogenesis of vitiligo in patients with a stress in
anamnesis. in accordance with the aims of this study we conducted psychological
testing of all 50 patients and on the same number of healthy individuals. the
method of fixed attitude is based on creation in persons the illusion of
perception in the areas of volume (haptic, optical, motor, auditory and
verbal), which emphasizes its considerable versatility. Most informative for
clinical use is an area in which the illusion is more pronounced. Such is the
haptic area, on which is based the classic MFA. Personality typology by MFA is
based on the principle of taking into account the extinction of the old
illusion of the test and the development of an adequate perception of the new
situation. According to the theory we can distinguish the following basic
attitude types: dynamic, variable and static. Results and Discussion Thus the
predominant type of fixed attitude in vitiligo patients is variable type. This
parameter is a constant and does not depend on the clinical form and duration
of the disease. Among healthy individuals dominates the dynamic type of a fixed
attitude. Variable type may be considered as a risk factor for development of
vitiligo in patients with stress in anamnesis. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.2.54. ICU hospitalization
length in surgical pediatric patients with severe sepsis receiving
plasmapheresis as add-on to standard treatment.
/R. Khetsuriani, G. Adamashvili, H. Shvangiradze, A. Shukakidze, O. Tavadze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. - pp.168 – 170. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Determination of ICU
hospitalization length in surgical pediatric patients with severe sepsis
receiving plasmapheresis as add-on to standard treatment, as compared with the
patients receiving only the standard treatment. Design: Prospective, randomized
controlled clinical trial. Setting: Intensive Care Unit at Pediatric Clinic of
Tbilisi State Medical University. Patients: Surgical pediatric patients with
severe sepsis, septic shock and MODS. Interventions: 157 patients randomized to
receive either standard sepsis treatment or an add-on treatment - plasmapheresis.
Measurments: ICU Hospitalization length in days and statistical significance of
results were measured in plasmapheresis and control groups. Reduction of ICU
hospitalization length is emphasized and statistically significant in infants
and patients under 3 years old receiving plasmapheresis. Conclusions:
Plasmapheresis as add-on to standard treatment of severe surgical sepsis could
shorten ICU hospitalization length in pediatric patients from different age
groups. Tab. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.2.55.
Comparative characteristic of different theories on mechanism of development of
atherosclerosis. /D. Gabunia, G. Eliava, T. Tsintsadze, L. Topuria, R.
Mzhavanadze/. Gaenati Herald. – 2015. – vol. II, #4. – pp. 42-57. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Based on the fact that a lot of factors of various
origin promote the development of atherosclerosis and, respectively, different
developmental mechanisms underlie it, a differentiated approach should be used
during its treatment. In case of autoimmune origin of atherosclerosis a
pathogenic treatment should be focused on rehabilitation of endothelial cover
of blood vessel wall and on normalization of lipid peroxidation. As far as
there is a linkage between inflammation and acute and chronic phases of
ischemic heart disease, a timely identification of inflammation markers will
promote prevention of diseases of cardiac and cerebral vessels. During the
action of C. pneumoniae activator a
treatment should be oriented not only against primary infection and decrease in
risk of thrombus formation, but also on recovery of disordered functions of7
airways, since the latter may become itself the reason of change in blood
vessels structure and development of atherosclerotic changes. Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.3.2.56.
Effect of different factors on coronary circulation during physical load. /M.
Jashi, G. Eliava, T. Tsintsadze, R. Mzhavanadze/. Gaenati Herald. – 2015. –
vol. II, #4. – pp. 58-65. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Elaboration of substantiated physiological approach to
determination of adequacy of coronary circulation is necessary for following
reasonable pathogenetic therapy. Normal heart metabolism is almost aerobic
process, which is ensured by adequate coronary circulation. Coronary
circulation regulation occurs by means of metabolic, neurohumoral and physical
mechanisms. Heavy physical loads, pathological conditions and nasal breathing
disorder create risk-factors, which provoke deterioration of coronary
circulation in the subendocardial layer left ventricle. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.3.1.
Pathogenesis of sportsmen’s feet traumas. /M. Grdzelidze, M.
Shalamberidze/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 132-133. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The character of motion typical of the kind of
particular sport affects significantly the sportsman’s locomotor apparatus. The
anthropodynamic diagnostics of sportsman’s feet and the pathogenesis of their
morphological peculiarities are the bases for designing the footwear for
sportsmen corresponding to international standards. Fig. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.3.3.2.
Ehiology of the sportsman’s foot deformation. /M.
Grdzelidze, M. Shalamberidze/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 134-135. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
The data on foot biomechanics, motions and dynamic
load, the kind of sport, the etiology of sports traumas and the way of their
prevention, etc. are the bases for designing and production of the footwear
comfortable for sportsmen. This is essential for providing their amortization
and steady equilibrium with the aim to protect their feet and prevent feet deformations.
Fig. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.3.3.3.
Etiological structure of infectious diarrheas at the modern stage in Georgia. /T.
Megrelishvili, E. Pachkoria/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII.
– pp.123–124. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Acute diarrhea
is one of the most common causes
of morbidity and mortality in children and adults. Furthermore, the prevalence of hemorrhagic colitis
increased 2-3 times in
2011-2013 years in
Georgia. Etiological structure of infectious diarrheas consists of various pathogens. By the adoption of new modern diagnostic
methods identification of non-
0157 E.coli strains has significantly increased in Georgia. The aim of the
research was: identification and evaluation of etiological structure of acute
non-bloody diarrheas and hemorrhagic colitis at the modern stage in Georgia.
the diagnosis was established by bacteriological method-culture isolation, identification
of molecular markers of shigatoxin (Stx1, Stx2. eae, ehy) in feces by PCR and
ImmunoCard. Thus, the etiological structure of hemorrhagic colitis was
identified in 40.14 % (where the leading place had STEC strains) and etiology
of non-bloody diarrhea in 16.79% of cases (where the rate of Salmonellosis was
highest). These above mentioned investigations increased the diagnosis of STEC
infection at the early stage of the disease. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.3.4.
Dynamics of the etiological structure of vaginites 2010-2014.
/E. Mirvelashvili, M. Dzagnidze, A. Dedabrishvili, T. Charkviani, N. Kvizhinadze, E. Kikacheishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.124–126. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
Aim of the study was to investigate the etiological structure of vaginitis dynamic
2010-2014. Vaginal flora in 350 females
during the inflammatory vaginitis was investigated by bacteriological analysis.
By the rate of excretion,
staphylococci came the first,
the second was T. vaginalis, C.albicans being the third. Two-thirds of the microorganisms were detected in a form of monocultures, third-forth associations, the most frequent combinations among which were: T.vaginalis+S.aureus, S.epidermidis+T.vaginalis, T.vaginalis+C.albicans.
Tab. 2, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.3.5.
Case report of community acquired pneumonia, involving right lung, caused by
toxocara. /Ts. Zakaraia, N. Iashvili, M. Ghughunishvili/.
Actual Problems of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi.
– 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 75-82. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
451 patients were screened for toxocara in 2012/14 at
Institute of parasitology and tropical medicine. 174 of patients were found to
have antibodies against Toxocara. Seropositive patients lived both in eastern
and western Georgia. 40% lived in Tbilisi. Although all age group where
involved, 29% of patients where age 15 or younger. This article describes
community acquired pneumonia of the right lung caused by Toxocara. Patient 54
years old had symptoms of cough, shortness of breath and 54% eosinophilya on
blood tests for 4 months. in 11.11.2013 diagnosis of pneumonia was made. in
23.12.2013 after testing – positive for Ig against Toxocara; Treatment with
Albendaole was started. Patients condition improved rapidly. Authors suggest
expanding serological (immunological) research and considering Toxocariasis in
differential diagnosis of Pneumonia. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.6.
Retrospective analysis of echinococcosis cases (2006-2013 years).
/O. Zenaishvili, M. Murusidze, N. Iashvili/. Actual Problems of Parasitology in
Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 83-90. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Cystic echinococcosis continues to be an actual
problem in Georgia. According to the data from S.Virsaladze Research Institute
of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine 589 cases of the disease were
revealed in 2006-2013 years. This statistics indicate that there is an evidence
of echinococcosis disease rising tendency. for example, in 2006 only 50 cases
of echinococcosis were registered, in 2013 the number of the disease reached
125. the increase of incidence is to some extent connected with the improvement
of diagnostic and referral services. Data analyses showed that most of the
cases are registered in Eastern Georgia (75%), the basic contingent of patients
is represented by people at the age of 18 to 60 (70%), number of women slightly
exceeds the number of men. According to our data the definite correlation with
profession was not revealed. The most common clinical form of echinococcosis is
liver echinococcosis. Treatment with Albendazole significantly decreases the
frequency of relapses, that`s why it is recommended to prescribe Albendazole in
post-surgery period. in addition, the monitoring of side-effects, associated
with prolonged Albendazole therapy is necessary. Fig. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.7.
Ultrasound (US) monitoring features of postoperative hepatic echinococcosis.
/Kh. Melia, M. Mandjgaladze, T. Kelbakiani-Kvinihkidze/. Actual Problems of
Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. –
pp. 90-98. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Echinococcosis is a widespread parasitic disease which
is mainly found in East Georgia. At the Institute we investigated 50 patients.
They have got post – operational anti-parasite recurrence treatment. On the
basis of making clinical analysis we can conclude: 1.US reveals significant
criteria of result of counter recurrent anti parasitic therapy echinococcosis
of liver in post-operative period. 2. During the monitoring at 94,5% of the
beneficiary positive dynamics of disease flow is revealed, at 5 %-îf case toxic
hepatitis with septic after-effect of the disease emerged, and at 0,5 %-
disease relapse is revealed. 3. As at all patients in parenchyma of hepatic
echoarchitectonics it was characterized non-uniform structure and a non-
uniform dissemination echo wave possibly is index development of connecting
fabric in the liver that it is the subject of further studying. 4. Control and
monitoring of patients in the postoperative period echinococcosis with
appropriate antirelapse antiparasitic therapy should be held not less than
1-3-5 years. Fig. 13, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.8.
Parasitofauna of amphibians, reptiles and terrestrial mollusks in Guria region.
/L. Murvanidze, K. Nikolaishvili, Ts. Lomidze/. Actual Problems of Parasitology
in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 144-153.
– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The results of two zoological expeditions provided in
2012 showed that during the last decades, the fauna of Guria region has
impoverished. Faunal diversity of parasites is also low. High anthropogenic
pressure caused transformation of environmental conditions and disturbed
formation of parasite fauna. Three species of protozoan were revealed in Phelophilax ridibundus. 15 species of
helminthes were found in lake frog and reptiles. In terrestrial mollusks larval
forms of the trematodes and nematodes were registered. Extensity of invasions
in amphibians reaches 92,5%, in reptiles – 60% and in mollusks – 50%. All
species of helminthes found in reptiles, are new for the region and blind worm
is a new host for nematode Oswaldocruzia
filiformis. Eggs of echinostomes found in eyes of P. ridibundus, indicate water pollution and invasion of aquatic
birds by echinostomes. Infection of terrestrial mollusks by metacercarians – Brachylaemidae indicate the
distribution of this helminthes on the investigated territory. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.3.9.
The results of the parasitological (coprological) investigation of mammals of
the Tbilisi zoological garden. /L. Murvanidze, L.
Arabuli/. Actual Problems of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf.
Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 154-162. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Coprological-parasitological investigations of mammals
of the Tbilisi Zoological garden were provided with participation of seven students of 10th study
year of 155 Tbilisi public schools. the list of the registered parasites is
provided: ungulates: yak, lama, Caucasian tur – oocists of coccidians; horses
of Przewalskii, Barbary sheep and Caucasian tur – eggs of the Trematoda Dicrocoelium lanceatum; predators: wolf,
lion, leopard and jaguar – eggs of Toxascaris
leonina; primates: baboon – eggs of Trichocephalus
trichiurus. in terrestrial mollusks found nearby cages, cercarians of the Dicrocoelium are found, indicating the
presence of pesthole of this helminthoses in the zoo. Fig. 5, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.3.10.
Some questions of epizootology of intestine strongylatosis and parascaridosis
of odd-toed ungulate animals in Georgia. /Sh. Potskhveria, L.
Avaliani/. Actual Problems of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient.
Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 201-217. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
In Georgia we mainly meet intestine strongylatosis and
parascaridosis of odd-toed ungulate animals. Their causative agents infect
70,5% and 18,9% of the horse correspondingly and 80,5% and 11,5% of the donkey.
Among other invasive diseases we observe separate cases of infestation of
horses with causative agents of oxyuriasis, dictyocaulosis, anoplocephalosis,
piroplasmosis and gastrophilosis. In Kulari horse-breeding farm (Marneuly
district, East Georgia) by intestine strongylates are infected 64,1% horses of
all ages, by parascaris – 24,5%. Infestation of foals with intestine
strongylates and parascaris starts at an early age. At the age of 7-18 months
they are infested with the above helminths by 71,7% and 32,2% correspondingly.
Strongylatosis is mainly revealed in winter (65,5-87,7%) and summer
(78,9-91,8%) months, while cases of parascaridosis are observed in April-May
(48,1-60,4%). Favourable conditions on pastures for strongylates and parascaris
invasion are created in April-November. in July and August (average monthly air
temperature – 23,5 and 23,4°C
correspondingly) strongylate larvae and parascaris eggs reach the invasive
stage in 5-6 and 8-9 days correspondingly. in winter the invasive contagion
winters on pastures and in April when the temperature exceeds 8-10°C, it renews or
starts to develop. In July-August due to high temperature and dry weather
non-invasive larvae of strongylates and parascaris eggs die on pastures.
Invasive larvae migrate into soil at 5-10 cm depth and dwell on plant roots. in
September they migrate to grass at 5-10 cm height. In stables the feeders,
particularly of mares are infested with the invasive contagion of strongylates
all year round, with parascaris – during the first half of the year. the
feeders become infested via cleaning devices. Infestation with intestine
strongylates is even more intense on pastures where invasive contagion
accumulates in considerable amount in spring and autumn. Intensive infestation
with parascaris takes place in stables in the first half of the year. in
epizootic process of strongylatosis, feeders and pastures are major carriers of
disease, while in case of parascaris it is only feeders.Tab. 1, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.3.11.
About the questions of epidemiological risks of helminthosis of dogs in
Tbilisi. /Sh. Potskhveria, M. Gogoberishvili/. Actual Problems
of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v.
XII. – pp. 218-228. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Eight helmithosis of dogs are spread in Tbilisi. By
the causative agents of these helmithosis are infected 57,4% of dogs of all
ages. Among the most hazardous zoonotic helminthosis to human are detected:
Multiceptosis (0,6%), Echinococcosis (1,3%), Toxocariasis (26,7%), Toxascaridosis
(24,4%) and Uncinariosis (3,9%). By the causative agent of Toxocariasis mostly
are infected puppies in the age of up to seven months (55,4%), by
Toxascaridosis – young growth in the age of 7-12 months (37,2 %). Toxocariasis
is mostly manifested in the spring (April – 29,8%) and at the end of summer
(August – 51,2 %), Toxascaridosis – in the spring (March – 35,7%) and at the
beginning of autumn (September – 30,4%). The soil of parks and alleys in
Tbilisi is infected by the causative agents of six helminthosis of dogs -
Toxocariasis (20,9%), Toxascaridosis (18,2%), Ankylostomiasis (4,5%), Dipilidiosis (4,1%), Uncinariosis
(2,7%) and Echinococcosis (0,9%). the soil is contaminated with viable invading
pathogens of these helminthosis during all year that maintains to worsening of
epidemiological situation regarding these diseases, especially in summer
months. It results in increase of danger to human health. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.3.12.
Distribution and biocenology of scale coccids (Arthropoda, Insecta, Homoptera,
Coccoidea) in Georgia. /M. Lobzhanidze/. Actual Problems of Parasitology in
Georgia. XII Intern. Scient. Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 229-237. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
As a result of the long researches conducted by us, it
is confirmed that armored scales and false armoredscales (Arthropoda, Insecta,
Homoptera Coccoidea) are very serious wreckers for many fruit cultures, herbs,
forest and decorative plants. Their harmfulness isincreaseddue to their
variety, wide poliphagia and along with the active eating they also harm plants
indirectly (by covering of an assimilatory surface and fruits of plants with
saprophyte fungus-ńonidium mycelium). All this together often cause the death
of a plant. To decrease a number and injuriousnessof coccids – bioagents should
be applied ecologically safe actions of fight, in particular the useful local
and already well acclimatized in Georgia fauna. It is necessary to process the
occupied by coccids surfaces of plants by mineral oils (2-4%) in the late fall
or in the early spring. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.13.
Materials for studying of parasites of galanthus woronowii Losin. /M. Beruashvili, N. Goginashvili, N. Chkhaidze, M.
Kereselidze/. Actual Problems of Parasitology in Georgia. XII Intern. Scient.
Conf. Tbilisi. – 2014. – v. XII. – pp. 237-243. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Georgia is rich with the unique representatives of
Flora. Among them Galanthus woronowii
Losin
must be mentioned. As a result of investigation in field and pot conditions in
Tbilisi and Guria region the pathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. and parasite
nematodes from genus Ditylenchus were revealed.
They cause turning leaves into yellow, darkening of stem and it’s thinning
close to root, damage of bulbs and drying of plant. Fig. 4, Ref.3.
Auth.
b15.3.3.14.
Susceptibility of salmonella strains to antibiotics and R-plasmids profiling. /T.Gabisonia,
M. Loladze, T. Katamadze, G. Melashvili, K. Didebulidze, N. Tamarashvili/.
Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 114-117. – eng.; abs.:eng.,
geo.
At present,
gram-negative bacteria start to take up leading position in common structure of
zoonotic infections, displacing other infections to the sideline. This study
was conducted to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella sp., to determine
their susceptibility to antibiotics and plasmid profiling. in this research,
the material for bacteriological investigation was taken out of tracheae of the
chickens from two poultry farms. A total of 72 Salmonella sp. were isolated
from samples, from which 48 strains were serotyped as S. typhimurium and 24
strains – as S. enteritidis. It has been established that isolated salmonella
strains are characterized by high resistance to antibiotics of broad spectrum.
Their antimicrobial susceptibility was tested to 9 antibiotics. All salmonella
strains were found to be resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin,
whereas, they were susceptible to streptomycin, chloramphenicol and slightly
susceptible to kanamycin and gentamicin. Plasmids determining resistance to
streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, gentamicin, carbenicillin,
kanamycin and belonging to the incompatibility groups T, I, M, N were revealed
by the methods of elimination and conjunction. Salmonella strains contain also
plasmids of group IncPI having wide spectrum of hosts. Tab. 3, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.3.3.15. Lambliosis in young children, etiology,
clinic and the aspects of modern treatment. /D. Khachapuridze, M. Gabelashvili/.
Novation. – 2015.– #15. – pp. 19-23. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The aim of
the research was to find out the frequency of lambliosis in children in Imereti
region and some aspects of modern treatment. We have studied 39 cases of
lamliosis in children between 2 and 14 in Imereti region in 2013. The
diagnostics was held at Scientific Research Institute of Allergology, Asthma
and Clinical Immunology of Georgian Academy of Sciences using immune enzymatic
ELASTA apparatus. We have distinguished patients with low, medium and high
risks. in patients with low and medium risk, only one course of macmiror
treatment was enough, but in patients with high risk (5 patients), one course
of macmiror treatment was not enough and they were given another course based
on their laboratory examination and complaints. Tab. 2. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.16.
Once again about group A streptococcus infections.
/T. Tskaroveli/. Pediatric Cardiology. – 2015. – #9. – pp.39-42. – geo.; abs.:
rus., geo., eng.
Once again etiopathogenesis, signs, modern ways of
treatment and prevention of group A streptococcus infections will be analyzed
in this article. Tab. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.17.
Urinary tract infection in children. /B.
Zenaishvili, M. Tsanava, N. Kvirkvelia, D. Kvirkvelia, T. Abuladze, G.
Chitaia/. Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. – #17-12-11. –
pp. 55-57. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Despite the recognition that underlying renal
anomalies may be the cause of renal scarring previously attributed to
infec-tion, the prevention of renal scarring remains the goal of all therapies
for childhood UTI. Although new data has questioned previous ‘‘dogmas’’ re:
urinary tract imaging, parenteral therapy of pyelonephritis, and use of
antimicrobial prophylaxis, the clinician must be vigilant in recognizing
children at risk for complications from UTI. Such high risk children (those
under the age of 6 months with high fever, those with abnormal GU anatomy, and
those with a septic presentation at any age) should be treated and investigated
aggressively. There cognition of antenatal urinary abnormalities, improved
imaging strategies, better understanding of the molecular and cellular
pathophysiology of renal scarring, and the development of new, pharmacogenomically-derived
individualized antimicrobial treatment regimens offers the hope of reducing
renal scarring and its complications. Ref. 20.
Auth.
b15.3.3.18.
Antrophometric, physical and functional
features of sportsmen under the effect of apihepati.
/G. Chakunashvili, N. Badriashvili, N. Topuridze, N. Jobava, C.
Chakhunashvili/. Social, Ecological and Clinical Pediatrics. – 2015. –
#17-12-11. – pp. 67-70. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The physical development of organism is defined as
complex process of morphofunctional peculiarity changes in human organism. It
obeys the rules of biology and represents basic origins of growth and
development. Apihepati mproves ability to work, enhances adaptive mechanisms
during exercising and competitions; Fastens restoration processes after
intensive physical load. Tab. 2, Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.3.19. Structure of postoperative infectious complications while hip replacement
operations and osteosynthesis of long bones. /N. Avazashvili, I. Mchedlishvili, T. Nozadze/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp. 7-12. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
In this article, there
are given data of 1523 case histories for detection of postoperative infectious
complications. Among them 653 cases were hip replacement surgeries and 870 cases
were osteosynthesis of long bones. All of these operations were performed in department of traumatology in 2010-2014
years. with use of descriptive epidemiological method of research, for both
types of surgical interventions were detected: most often reasons and
indications for surgical treatment, prevalence of patients gender and age,
incidence of early and late (both deep and superficial) postoperative
infectious complications of surgical site, and also forms and incidence of
common inflammatory diseases and statistically significant risk factors of
their appearance. Fig. 2, Tab. 4, Ref. 13.
Auth.
b15.3.3.20. Blood pressure patterns in urban and rural children and adolescents of
the Kakheti Region (East Georgia). /M. Kharabadze, R. Khetsuriani, M. Betaneli, S. Kandelaki, L.
Khutsishvili/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp.
79-83. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Research
was conducted in urban and rural areas of the city Telavi in 2012-2013. 493
public school pupils aged 6-18 were studied (267-urban resident, 226-rural
resident). Results are grouped separately for all (13) aging clusters. This
indicator is compared to each other by sex and living area (urban/rural) and
received results are then grouped for 3 aging groups: I - early childhood 6-8
years of age n=136 (boys - 71, girls - 65; II - middle childhood 9 – 11 years
of age n=147 (boys - 82, girls - 65) and III - adolescence 12-18 years of age
n=213 (boys - 98, girls - 115). Measurements were taken on the right arm, three
times with 3 minutes intervals. Both rural and urban area resident children’s
(boys, girls) SAP/DAP was evaluated. Data was processed statistically by
“ANOVA”. To determine correlation between different study groups, parametric
and nonparametric methods were used. Significance was determined with 95% of
variability. Results of the comparison of systolic and diastolic
blood pressure for boys and girls living in rural and urban areas demonstrated:
There seems to be no significant difference between boys and girls living in
urban and rural areas. the biggest difference was identified in: 1) Boys in
Aging Group I – SAP rural pupil boys averagely is 5.7 mm/Hg higher compared to
urban resident boys; 2) for girls in Aging Group III of rural residents, SAP is
averagely 3mm/Hg higher compared to same group of urban residents. Same
difference was identified in girls considering DAP data. This may be due to
several reasons, such as: 1) village inhabitants are more physically active. 2)
BMI of the residents living in the rural areas is lower compared to the
residents living in the city. Our findings are in line with the results
obtained in Iraq and Russia. Fig. 2, Tab. 2, Ref. 19.
Auth.
b15.3.3.21. The current
knowledge of clinical manifestations of measles. /R. Begaydarova, Y. Starikov, H. Devdariani, G.
Alshynbekova, A. Dyusembaeva/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). –
2015. – #2(239). – pp. 63-69. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
A comparative study was carried out in children with
measles aged 1 month to 18 years. They were admitted to the regional infectious
diseases hospital in Karaganda during a measles outbreak in 2014 in Central
Kazakhstan. 209 children were included into the study, 66 children were under
the age of 1 year and 143 children were aged from 1 year to 18 years. the
clinical diagnosis of “measles” was diagnosed according to clinical and
epidemiological and serological data. in a comparative study of measles in age
aspect, it was found that the highest incidence was in age from 1 year to 3
years and from 11 to 18 years. Measles in children older than 1 year were more
severe compared with infants due to severe symptoms of intoxication and
catarrhal syndrome. the symptom Bielsko-Filatova and measles enanthema the
valuable diagnostic and differential diagnostic symptoms, as a pigmentation
remains an important retrospective feature of having had measles before. Fig.
3, Tab. 1, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.3.3.22. On mechanism of
functional changes in the organism of teenagers at different levels of
locomotor activity. /F.
Mindubaeva, F. Shukurov, Y. Salikhova, Y. Niyazova, A. Ramazanov/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 75-81. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
Comprehensive study of the cardiovascular system
functional condition of 15-16 teenagers while in normal daily locomotor
activity and in the mode of regular moderate physical activity was performed.
The features of cerebral circulation and myocardium functional condition of
teenagers are studied depending on initial tonus of the autonomic nervous
system and locomotor activity level in the process of continuous step physical
activity on tredmil. the condition of regulatory mechanisms, providing
adaptation of teenagers in the conditions of modern school was studied.
Research results showed, that elasticity of cerebrum arterial vessels, veins
tone, venous outflow for teenagers not having regular physical activity,
considerably mionectic. More adequate reaction of coronary blood flow in the
process of physical activity is educed for the trained teenagers with the
balanced autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm. This group showed a higher
level and regulation quality of organism reserve possibilities. Tab. 3, Ref.
21.
Auth.
b15.3.3.23.
Genetic factors and salt-consumption effects on arterial hypertension in
ethnically homogenous (Svanetian) population of Georgia.
/I. Andronikashvili, G. Simonia, G.
Abesadze, T. Petriashvili, R. Beriashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 7-9. –
geo.; abs.: eng.
Up to now the exact mechanism
of salt-sensitivity and salt-sensitive hypertension remains unclear. In recent years, researchers have a special
interest in the genetic basics of
these processes. the overall goal of our study was to determine in Svanetian ethnically homogenous families the salt-
sensitivity and genetic
factors predisposing to salt-sensitive
hypertension. 40 ethnic
Svans (essential hypertension stage I (JNC VII)) and their families,
in total 120 subjects (53 males and 67 females,
aged form 15 to 75 years) were tested
for salt-sensitivity using a high salt/low salt protocol.
Our results show that virtually all hypertensives and their family members consumed high amount of salt and these data are considerably higher than the international rates. Genetic testing revealed
a high frequency of CYP3A5 polymorphism
and its significant positive correlation to salt-sensitivity. All of the above
makes possible to identify high risk groups
for hypertension through identification of relevant genes and
makes possible implementation of primary prevention and treatment of hypertension. Fig.
2, Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.3.24.
Hygienic assessment of professional risk for employees’ health in
silicomanganese manufacturing. /M. Arabidze, A. Chikovani, M. Kvatadze, G. Kverenchkhiladze, M. Rizhinashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific
Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 9-11. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Based on
the hygienic classification of acting labor conditions is hygienically assessed employees’ labor condition
in Zestaponi Ferroalloy Factory of silicomanganese manufacturing. There are established professions (workplaces), which labor conditions belong to harmful and dangerous classes (high-risk
group): steel melter, loader, blast furnace man, machinist of column crane, machinist of breaking. There is developed enhancement measures
of employees labor condition, which includes separate stages modernization of technological process,
correct organization of workplaces, improving efficiency of the local and general
ventilation systems, control
establishment of collective and individual protection in correct use, using principle in time, previously
(professional selection) and further properly carrying out periodic
medical examination. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.25.
Skin diseasess in the coal industry. /R. Baratashvili, A.
Chikovani, M. Gvichiani, T. Svanidze, N. Khachapuridze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.15 -16. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
On the cases of studying the industry of coal dust emissions in the working air of Tkibuli Mindeli coal mains. It
was established the cases of dermatitis and skin foliculitis among workers. Dermatitis in coal-miners involves
most frequently the lower legs and the thighs and groins and less often the hands and forearms compared
with 70-90% involvement of hands and forearms
in most other
industries. The patterns of dermatitis encountered in miners are consistent
with the hypothesis that physical factors
- heat, maceration
with water, dust, small coal, and trauma
- play major roles in their
provocation and perpetuation. Soiled and dirty clothes may be important
in association. Secondary
infection is common
and probably of clinical significance. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.3.3.26. The results
of development of hygienic classification of working conditions of chemical
industry of Georgia.
/L. Bakradze, R. Kverenchkhiladze, M. Tsimakuridze, G. Kverenchkhiladze, S. Nozadze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp.19-22. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Complex researches for hygienic classification of work of the main professional groups of priority
branches of the chemical industry (arsenic and its preparations producing, cyanic sodium producing and nitrate fertilizer producing) of Georgia in the conditions of the combined
action of professional factors on the basis of the relevant
normative document are conducted.
It is
established that work of the majority of the main professional groups of these enterprises belongs on harm to 3.1 and 3.2 classes, on difficulty to 3.2 and 2 classes and on intensity to 2, 3.1 and 3.2 classes.
The conducted complex researches formed the basis for
development of actions for improvement of working conditions of employees of the studied enterprises of the chemical industry
of Georgia. Tab. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.3.27.
Prevalence of active and passive smoking among the students of Tbilisi State
Medical University. /N. Begishvili,
D. Gabunia, M. Jibladze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection
of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 22-25. – geo.; abs.: eng.
An
anonymous survey was conducted among 492 students (162 male and 330 female) of the Tbilisi
State Medical University to identify the number of active and passive tobacco smokers and smoking status.
Total of the active smokers is 13%, passive smokers 21%;out of total male smokers are 28, 4%, female smokers are 5, 2%.Smoking index and index pack/years were calculated to assess the
intensity of smoking. Depending on the risk of COPD occurrence (smoking index >140) the smokers
were divided into the risk-negative and the risk-positive subgroups. 2nd subgroup risk- positive (67%) -average smoking
index 221, index pack/years
4, 6, among those 79% had respiratory symptoms. 1st subgroup
risk- negative (33%) smoking index 85, index pack/years 1,5, among those 33% had respiratory symptoms. 41% of smokers refused to quit smoking.
They do not acknowledge that they are tobacco addicted. Students depending on the risk of COPD occurrence need spirometer exam and
should be observed in dynamics. Tab. 2, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.3.28.
Dental status of HIV/AIDS infected patients in Georgia in 2013.
/E. Bukhnikashvili, M. Tsintsadze, N. Abashidze, N. Didbaridze, Kh. Gogishvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection
of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.38-40. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The aims of this study
were to determine the pattern and frequency of oral lesions
and to compare the prevalence of HIV-related oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS infected
patients in Georgia 2013. At this time in Georgia
was revealed 490 new cases of HIV infection. In 370
(75.5±0.57%) of cases were men and 120(24.5±1.76%) – women. the main way of spreading diseases
was unprotected heterosexual contacts 233 (47.55%±1.05%), the next was injection drug use – 184 (37.55%±1.29%), after homo/bisexual contacts
– 66 (13.5%±2.53%), hemotransfusion - 2(0.4%±15.78%), vertical way (from mother to child) - 4
(0.8%±11.14%), and unknown case was just 1(0.2±22.34%). the diseases in HIV-infected patients designated on different stage: Acute HIV-infection, asymptomatic, symptomatic non-AIDS
and AIDS. From the HIV/AIDS
infected patients in Georgia 2013, AIDS were developed
in 273 (55.7±0.89%) of cases, asymptomatic – in 104(21,2±1,93%) of cases, symptomatic non-AIDS - in 102(20,8±0.62%) of cases and acute HIV infection had 11(2,25±6,59%) patients. From the 490 new cases just 254 (51.8%±0.97%) patients had different kinds of oral manifestation. Mainly there were oral candidiasis – 153 (60.2%±0.81%), herpetic gingivostomatitis - 126 (49,6%±1,01%), Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Kaposi’s
sarcoma was detected
in just one case (0,39%±15,98%). So, as a result of our research, we can conclude that
oral manifestations may occur bot at a late stage and
early stage of diseases. It is very important to recognize of AIDS indicative diseases by dentists.
Early diagnosis and prompt
treatment is important both, for patient’s
health and for a public
health too. Fig. 4, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.3.3.29.
Nutrigenomics – new treatment strategy for the diseases.
/Ts. Gigineishvili, M. Chipashvili, E. Imnadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 46-47. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
Nutrigenomics studies
the influence of food on gene
expression. Instead of using drugs for the treatment and prevention of severe and chronic disease,
it offers healthy lifestyle and personalized diet.
Food is the shortest way to regulate
gene expression. Ingredients that influence gene expression were identified in 20 types of food and there are about 19 genes that influence
proper functioning of internal organs (absorption of antioxidants,
tendency for inflammation, sensitivity to insulin). Food is the shortest way to
regulate gene expression. Properly chosen food can activate
the expression of the undamaged gene and correct
disturbances caused by the mutant gene. Thus, food directly
influences gene expression and, consequently, our health. Although
the possibility of developing
a treatment or discovering preventative measures of these diseases is exciting, the current knowledge in nutritional epigenetics is limited, and further studies
are needed to expand the available resources and better understand the use
of nutrients or bioactive food components for maintaining
our health and preventing diseases
through modifiable epigenetic mechanisms.
Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.3.30.
Effect of family environment on child’s physical and social development.
/K. Gogberashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.47-50. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
The work is aimed
at assessing the physical
and social development of abandoned children after 12 months of deinstitutionalization. The cohort study in Tbilisi
Infant’s House was performed. We studied
3 groups of healthy children
up to 3 years. Group I
consisted of 24-deinstitutionalised children
living in foster families, Group II
of 24 children who stayed
in infant’s house and III group of 24 children from full families
(control group). Children’s physical
growth, motor and social
developments with Denver II Screening Test were studied. For statistics, the Developmental Quotient
(K) was calculated: K= developmental age by Denver II Screening
Test/child’s chronologic age X 100. According
to received data, the significant improvement in physical and psychomotor
development was observed
in the deinstitutionalized children even after 5-6 months
of project period.
After 12 months of deinstitutionalization the children’s
developmental quotient went closer to the children from control group – developmental “catch
up”. Our investigations confirmed the advantages of foster care and reintegration for children’s health state. The early the abandoned
child is be moved to the family environment, the outcome for development will be better.
Tab. 2, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.3.31.
Influence of environmental factors on the emotional status formation in
children. /K. Gogberashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 50 -51. – geo.;
abs.: eng.
Maternal deprivation is known as an important factor for
establishment the child’s behavior and stress responsiveness. The aim of the present research was to
show how the early maternal deprivation influences the emotional status of children. Emotional status was assessed by Leusher’s Color Test in a group of healthy
institutionalized children at age from 3
to
6 years from Tskneti
Orphanage. Received data was compared to control (healthy
children the same age from family
environment). Results revealed among 21% of children from institution high level of anxiety, in 11% - very high level, in 30% - mild
and in 38% - low level
of anxiety. It was in contrast
to control group,
where 59% of children had very low or no signs
of anxiety and only 13% revealed high and very high
level of anxiety. The results suggest that early maternal deprivation may contribute
to long-term regulatory problems of the stress-responsive system that may be
resulted in altered emotionality and behavior
in deprived children. Thus, it seems reasonable to direct the effort
to the prevention of children’s institutionalization and support their deinstitutionalization by reintegration with birth families
or fosterage. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.3.3.32.
Organization of children nutrition in preschool
institutions: problems and ways of their solving. /T. Darsania, Sh. Zarnadze, B. Kurashvili,
I. Zarnadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 53-55. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Solving the problem of children’s
nourishment/nutrition is especially significant for the health of the entire nation. Hence we decided to study whether
the state implements control of children’s nourishment and if the care
about future generations is its priority.
For this reason we studied
the quality and safety of foodstuffs utilized
in preschool institutions. We selectively studied 10 Tbilisi
preschool institutions, evaluated composition of used foodstuffs, portions of animal fat and oil and food additives. Existing Georgian
legislation establishes norms and regulations for guaranteeing adequate nourishment in children’s institutions. It covers an enumeration/list of unauthorized products
in preschool institutions. The obtained results show that norms of rational and safe nourishment are violated in children’s
preschool institutions. Ref.
7.
Auth.
b15.3.3.33.
The importance of eating behavior on the development of a back pain.
/T. Darsania, Sh. Zarnadze, B. Kurashvili, I. Zarnadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 55-58. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
Spinal pain is an important health issue for adolescents
resulting in functional limitations for many and increasing
the risk of spinal pain in adulthood.
The objective of this
exploratory case-control study was to evaluate associations between diet and adolescent
spinal pain. Eating behavior was studied
by a questionnaire. The back
or neck pain were experienced by around half of the adolescents, with females more likely to experience spinal pain. Nutrition
differed between
sexes and deviated from the optimal intakes. Vitamin B12, eggs, cereals
and meat consumption were related to spinal pain in
sex specific multivariate analyses including
primary career education
level and adolescent waist girth and smoking. This study found that many Georgian adolescents had non-optimal diets. The findings of this study suggest that certain aspects of diet may have an association with spinal pain in adolescence. These results provide
important initial evidence
that diet and adolescent spinal pain may be associated, but further work is needed to explore potential
relationships and mechanisms. Tab. 2, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.3.34.
Epidemiological characteristics of
meningococcal infection in Georgia. /I. Mchedlishvili, M. Eloshvili/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 130–131.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
Based
on the data analysis, during the period of 2006-2013, epidemiological
characteristics of the meningococcal infection were estimated in Georgia. To
detect a long-term tendency of disease, the incidence rate over the 1987-2013
period was reviewed. It was found that the tendency of disease has decreased
recently. The highest rate of disease 1.7 per 100000 population was fixed in
1997, while in 2013 it made 0.34. This infection does not have a similar
distribution in different regions of Georgia, the highest incidence being
revealed in Adjara. The meningococcal infection mainly occurs among children.
About 82.3% of all the cases were detected under the age of 14 years. The
incidence rate is especially high among infants (under one year)- 8.4 per
100000;The incidence rates are eventually decreasing in following age groups
and the lowest rates, 0.06 per 100000 occur over 60. Estimation of etiological
structure of disease revealed that only B and C serotypes of N. meningitis are
circulating in the country. Tab. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.3.3.35.
Medical rehabilitation of adolescent
athletes with scoliosis. /Z. Sopromadze, N. Chabashvili, T. Svanishvili, E. Tataradze, M.
Sopromadze/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 133–135. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The
purpose of the study was to evaluate the treatment process of adolescent
athletes suffering from various degrees of scoliosis, using medical rehabilitation
complexes designed by us. We observed 52 male athletes (26 tennis players and
26 water poloists), aged from 13 to 15 years, suffering from 1st and 2nd degree
scoliosis. The athletes with the 1st degree scoliosis required a
20-day course of treatment, and athletes with the 2nd degree
scoliosis required two a 20-day course of treatment with a 10-day interval of
rest. Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.3.36.
Analysis of some morbidity indicators of Zestafoni Ferroalloy Plant workers. /N. Chkhaidze, T.
Todua, O. Gvaberidze, N. Rukhadze, M. Tsimakuridze/. Tbilisi State Medical
University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 154–156.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
The Zestafoni Ferroylly Plant worker’s morbidity was
studied by diseases, sex, age and occupation. According to E.L. Notkin’s
international classification, the morbidity rate of the plant workers was
assessed as moderate. A wave-like changes in the general morbidity rate were
registered among workers with an increase in age. The action of various
industrial factors of the state of health and development of occupational
diseases is analyzed. Fig. 2, Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.3.3.37.
Epidemiologic survey of the workers of JSC Locomotive Works.
/N. Chkhaidze, M. Turmanauli, T.Todua, M. Mamulashvili, M. Tsimakuridze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp. 156–158. – geo.; abs.: eng.
A descriptive epidemiologic survey by the face-to-face
interview method was carried out in JSC Locomotive Works. As a result, it was
found that the occupational hazard class 3 was noted for the highest 2 and 3
degrees. Under the effect of these factors many occupational and work-related
diseases are prone to develop. Many respondents use alcohol and smoke, which
might serve as additional risk factors among the workers of Georgian Locomotive
Manufacturer Factory. Fig. 13, Ref. 4.
b15.3.3.38. The peculiarities of
drinking mineral water “Udabno” in treatment of patients with noncalculous
cholecystitis. /I. Chabashvili, T. Chilingarishvili, N.
Saakashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works.
– 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 160–162. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Chronic cholecystitis
is characterized of a recurrent process; it mainly damages young and middle age
able-bodied population. Currently chronic disease of biliary system is deemed
as a century disease. Goal of research: scientific study of Udabno mineral water. Udabno, the health
resort (spa) is located in 5 km from Sairme. Udabno is a mineral water of weak
mineralization (0,3 mg/l) rich in sulphate-calcium-sodium and Mn, Cu, Ti trace
elements. Researches were conducted under stationary conditions over 40
patients ill with chronic cholecystitis. The Udabno mineral water has a beneficial effect upon the individuals
ill with chronic cholecystitis; it has an anti-inflammatory action duly
expressed in normalization of motor-evacuation function of gallbladder as well
as improvement of the chemical composition of gall. Study of effectiveness of
the mineral water proved its priority importance in case of hyperkinetic
dyskinesis of bilious channels. This mineral water is a natural diuretic, major
feature of which is the stimulation of artificial dieresis; it results in
discharge of autolysis products of tissues from the organism without changing
significantly secretion of the stomach. Udabno, the mineral water, unique and
tenderly influencing therapeutic mean is recognized with its high effectiveness,
it has no negative effects and its ecological purity enables to be applied the
water as for medicinal so prevention purposes. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.39. Treatment of chronic
gastroduodenitis by natural factors. /I. Cahabshvili, T.
Chilingarishvili, N. Saakashvili/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection
of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp. 162-164. – geo.; abs.: eng.
For normal functioning
of the body, the conservation of microelements balance, which can be achieved
by means of mineral water, is very important. For the first time, the effect of
the high mineralization (17,9 g/dm3) carbonic acid hydrocarbonate, sodium
chloride mineral water “Vardzia” on 60 patients with chronic gastroduodenitis
was studied. The unique physicochemical, organoleptic features, as well as the
high curative properties of the mineral water “Vardzia” make it usable for
treating not only gastrointestinal disorders, but also for preventing
asiderotic anemia and atherosclerosis. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.40.
The level of physical activity and growth parameters in children aged 5-6.
/M. Kherkheulidze, N. Kavlashvili, E. Kandelaki, I. Chkhaidze/. Tbilisi State
Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.
165-168. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the growth and
physical activity in children aged 5-6. The study was conducted throughout
Georgia. Parents of 1498 5-6-year children selected by the stratified cluster
methodology were surveyed. The survey involved the demographic, socio-economic
characteristics, prenatal and postnatal history, growth parameters, time spent
on physical activity, etc. The survey revealed that most children’s weight and
height are normal. According to age and weight and height and BMI standards
underweight is met in 2.4 %, overweight in 16.7%, obesity – 15.5%, heavy
obesity - in 11.9% cases. According to our study, there no significant
correlation was found between the birth weight, gestational age and
anthropometric data of 5-6-year old children. Our study does not reveal a
correlation between sex and overweight or obesity. The study shows that
overweight is significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas and
highlands. Due to high prevalence of overweight and obesity in small children’s
population it is important to start implementing the healthy nutrition and
obesity prevention strategies from the early years. Fig. 4, Tab. 2, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.3.3.41. Hygienic and ergonomic
characteristics of labor process of Chiatura manganese mine workers.
/K. Khvadagiani, N. Patiashvili, N. Tatalashvili, L. Bakradze, M. Qvatadze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp. 171-172. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The research objective
is the hygienic and ergonomic characteristic of labor process of Chiatura
manganese mine workers. The major psycho-physiological factors of labor process
and features of the work-rest schedule of working leading professions have been
studied. The standard physiological and ergonomic methods of researches are
applied. It is established that the labor process of Chiatura manganese mine
workers is characterized by a complex of unfavorable factors, among which high
density of working day (73.4-90.0%), labor process’ intensity and hardness
(2.0–3.3 class), brachial muscle overwork are notable. The level of
mechanization and automation of the production has a certain effect on the
production. On the basis of the received results, relevant sanitation measures
have been developed. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.3.3.42. Occupational health and
safety problems in Georgia. /R. Javakhadze, N. Rukhadze, M.
Tsereteli, O. Gvaberidze, M. Tsimakuridze/.Tbilisi State Medical University.
Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII. – pp.172-175. – geo.; abs.:
eng.
Within the framework of
the state program “Prevention of Occupational Diseases“, which is being
implemented at N. Makhviladze Research Scientific Institute of Labor Medicine
and Ecology, a comprehensive study of the main Georgian industries (hygienic,
toxicological, epidemiological and clinical) was conducted. The received data
and results will serve as a basis for improving the occupational health and
safety systems and working out the labor medicine standards for different
branches of national economy in accordance with the recommendations and demands
of WHO and ILO. It gives a possibility to create and revise the current
sanitary-hygienic and epidemiological normative documents and harmonize them
with the EU standards (directives). Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.3.3.43. Manganese and its
compounds influence on the health of industry workers.
/D. Javakhadze, N. Khatiashvili, Kh. Chigogidze, Shubladze Kh., D.Zurashvili/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v. XLVIII.
– pp. 175-177. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Environmental pollution
and its negative influence on human health cause meaningful anxiety of the
world. Safe environment factors aim to reduce harmful factors and provide the
constitutional right - to live and work in a safe environment. Under conditions
of a socio-economic crisis in the country the sanitation and hygienic
protection system collapsed at all levels, which made the creation of safe
environment for the health of the employed population necessary. This problem
is the most urgent for the worker’s health engaged in various fields of
industries, especially in manganese mining and processing. To solve the
problem, the following tasks are necessary: estimation the harmful
risk-factors, systematization and unification of national economy development
taking into consideration the industry and work specificity, clinical and
hygienic factors. Fig.2, lit. 11.
Auth.
15.3.4.1.
Galectins as new therapeutic targets for galactose-containing polysaccharides. /A.Klyosov/.
Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 5-17. – eng.; abs.:eng.,geo.
The Galectin protein family includes 15 members that
are characterized by galactose binding domains and are widely expressed in
diverse cell types. Galectins are found in multiple intracellular compartments
and are secreted into the extracellular space. There has been an explosion in
information on these fascinating proteins in pathological states, particularly
inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. This Review summarizes attempts to cover
the key areas of galectin-dependent disease and discusses the approaches to
developing galectin blockers for treatment. the time is right for major efforts
to advance galectin-based therapies into multiple human diseases. Tab.1, Fig.3,
Ref. 67.
Auth.
b15.3.4.2.
The influence of smitin on fermentative activity of actomyosin in different
area conditions. /N. Gachechiladze, J. Gogorishvili, R. Kupatadze, K.
Kuridze, T. Eristavi, M. Zaalishvili/. Bulletin of the Georgian National
Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.–
pp. 89-93. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
The influence of smitin (C-titin) on Mg2+-activated
ATPase activity of chicken smooth muscle (stomach) actomyosin in different area
conditions (ionic strength, pH, and different concentrations of smitin) was
studied. It was shown that smitin, likewise titin, causes the increasing of Mg2+-activated
ATPase activity of actomyosin. Mg2+-activated ATPase activity in the
presence of smitin has maximal value in 30mM KCl and minimal - in 100mM KCl. Mg2+-activated
ATPase activity of actomyosin in the presence of smitin reaches maximal value
at pH 8 and at pH 9 it decreases. ATPase activity increases according to the
growth of smitin concentration and is maximal when it makes up 40% of myosin by
weight. Obtained results confirm that in smooth muscle smitin has the same
effect on actomyosin ATPase activity as titin has on skeletal muscle ATPase
activity. Smitin stipulates muscle elastic properties, on the one hand, and on
the other hand it is the “scaffold” for the proteins participating in muscle
contraction, forming the supermolecular complex with these proteins. TAb. 1,
Fig. 3, Ref. 20.
Auth.
b15.3.4.3.
Behavioral study of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels relationship in rats. /I.
Nozadze, N. Tsiklauri, G.Gurtskaia, M.Tsagareli/. Bulletin of the Georgian
National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8, #1. – pp. 122-127. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
A number of temperature-sensitive transient receptor
potential (TRP) ion channels are studied as nociceptors that respond to extreme
temperatures and harmful chemicals. Among them there is a family of six
thermo-TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPM8, TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, and TRPV4) that exhibit
sensitivity to increases or decreases in temperature, as well as to chemical
substances eliciting the respective hot or cold sensations. In this study, we
used behavioral method of cold plate test to investigate whether
allylisothiocyanate (AITC), a natural compound of mustard oil, and capsaicin
affect the sensitivity to innocuous and noxious cold stimuli in male rats.
Obtained results indicate that TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels are clearly involved in
pain reactions, and the TRPA1 and TRPV1 agonists AITC and capsaicin enhance the
cold pain sensitivity modulating TRPA1 channels co-expressed in nociceptors
with TRPV1. Our data support the role of thermosensitive TRPA1 and TRPV1
channels in pain modulation and show that these two thermo receptor channels
are in synergistic and/or conditional relationship to innocuous and noxious
cold cutaneous stimulation. Fig. 1, Ref. 43.
Auth.
b15.3.4.4.
Natural antibiotics. /K.
Gabunia/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 224-227. – geo.; abs.: geo .,eng.,
rus.
In
recent years the antibiotics’ improper use has achieved such scales that
microorganisms became resistant to them. Therefore the use of natural
antibiotics became more popular. Differing from synthetic antibiotics, natural
antibiotics act tenderly and strengthen the immune system. They do not provoke
the risks of development of drug-induced diseases, no microorganisms resistance
is developed against them which is the greatest problem of medicine today. We
consider that knowledge of antibiotic nature of medical plants will help the
person to protect him and children from various infectious diseases. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.3.4.5. The clinical significance of PVUII polymorphism estradiol receptor alpha
gene to improve diagnosis of proliferative forms of benign breast dysplasia. /I. Lukavenko, V. Andryushchenko, V. Garbuzova, A.
Yazikov/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp.
12-17. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
The aim - to determine
the role of single nucleotide polymorphism PvuII of the gene EsRα as an
indicator of proliferative activity in benign breast dysplasia (BBD) and its
effect on receptor status of breast tissue for expression EsRα. Defined
genotype PvuII polymorphism EsRα, the expression level in remote EsRα
among patients with BBD. for these patients, and morphological parameters
samples are divided into groups and compared. It is shown that there is a
connection between the PvuII-gene polymorphism EsRα with the degree of
proliferation (χ2=43,142; p<0,0001) and the expression level
EsRα (χ2=51,041; p<0,0001) in breast tissue at BBD in
patients with homozygous (C/C) polymorphism Pvu˛˛ of the gene EsRα.
Addition to the standard morphological study justified immunohistochemical
study with the definition of the expression level of EsRα due to the fact
that the increase in the level of expression associated with an increase in
cell proliferation in tumors with BBD (χ2=7,370; p=0,007). An
algorithm for the diagnosis of proliferative forms BBD. Fig. 1, Tab. 3, Ref.
12.
Auth.
b15.3.4.6.
Ovarian reserve in the women of late
reproductive age after conservative treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in
adolescence. /K. Beltadze, L.
Barbakadze/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #1(238). – pp.
27-31. – eng.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
the aim of the present
study was to assess the ovarian reserve of the women of late reproductive age
after the conservative treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence. A
total of 67 women of late reproductive age with confirmed primary PCOS in
adolescence and 70 age-matched controls were included in the study. the
patients with PCOS underwent clinical investigation and conservative treatment
with antiandrogens and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) between 1984 and 1990
and at the time of original diagnosis they were 13-18 years. The patients were
collected via analysis of histories at primary diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence
and at the time of the follow-up investigation of reproductive hormones was
conducted. Data were compared between the study and control groups. After conservative
treatment PCOS patients had higher levels of anti-Müllerian hormone and
greater number of antral follicles than controls (đ<0.01 and đ<0.05,
respectively). Our data suggest that PCOS patients who underwent conservative
treatment with OCPs in adolescence have the better ovarian reserve in late
reproductive age compared with age-matched controls. Tab. 1, Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.3.4.7. Computed tomographic evaluation of the healing of experimental defect of
a long bone of the skeleton after implantation into its cavity osteoplastic
material «CERABONE®». /A. Korenkov, V. Sikora/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). –
2015. – #1(238). – pp. 89-93. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Described in the
literature properties of osteoplastic material «Cerabone®» have been obtained
from studies in the maxilla and cancellous bone. The lack of data on the impact
of «Cerabone®» on the dynamics of the healing of defects of compact substance
of the long bones of the skeleton dictates the need for such studies.
Implantation of osteoplastic material «Cerabone ®» was performed into the
defect of rat femoral shaft followed by computer-tomographic analysis of its
healing. Starting from the 30th day until the end of the experiment (120th day)
there were found faint signs of rarefaction in the distal part adjacent to the
defect of parent bone, with no signs of bone resorption in its proximal part.
There was identified an extremely high density of the implantation site
«Cerabone®», no visible radiographic evidence of resorption of osteoplastic
material and ensuring by the latter the stability of volume of the defect in
cortical bone at all stages of the experiment. Fig. 4, Ref. 19.
Auth.
b15.3.4.8. Clinical use of a new
method of inguinal hernia repair. /I. Shkvarkovskły, O. Moskaliuk, V. Grebeniuk, S.
Yakobchuk, O. Rusak/. Georgian Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp.
7-10. – rus.; res.: geo., eng., rus.
Surgery is the only treatment for inguinal hernias.
The use of allografts has reduced the number recurrences of hernias to 3-14%. However,
in any form of alloplasty around implant develops tissue reaction that causes a
number of specific complications. At present, researchers found that in 45-59%
of cases of inguinal allogernioplasty leads to a significant disruption of
spermatogenic and hormonal functions of the testicle. On the basis of the
Surgical Department #1 (Chernivtsi Emergency Hospital) 61 patients (main group)
underwent surgery according to the proposed method (patent of Ukraine for
useful model # 81728). The control group included 63 male patients from 19 to
61 years old who underwent inguinal hernia repair by I.L.Lichtenstein.
Postoperative recovery periods examined basal activity and disability, pain
intensity, the presence of specific complications, length of postoperative
hospital stay days, recurrences of hernias. in order to assess reproductive
disorders studied the state of blood circulation to the testicular arteries,
testicular volume and the level of sex hormones. The prevention of polymeric
implant to contact with the components of the spermatic cord reduces the
inflammatory response to the structure of the inguinal canal, and the
reproductive organs, which leads to a reduction of pain. Also accelerated
social and labor rehabilitation of patients; blood circulation is preserved in
the testicle and male hormones in the postoperative period. The proposed method
prevents the development of recurrences of hernias through the elimination of
the deep inguinal ring as one of the weaknesses of the anterior abdominal wall.
Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.3.4.9. Usage of genetic markers to determine the impact of radiation on the
human body. /A. Zedginidze, E.
Namchevadze, T. Nikuradze, G. Zalinyan, G. Parsadanyan/. Georgian
Medical News (GMN). – 2015. – #2(239). – pp. 94-98. – rus.; res.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The timely determination of the fact of radiation
impact on the organism is extremely important for preventive and curative
interventions. Despite the fact that so far cytogenetic violations are
considered to be the best biomarkers to determine the impact of ionizing
radiation on the organism, actual problem is to find the optimal combination of
different biomarkers. The aim of the work was investigation of the extended set
of biomarkers in distant periods of exposure in people previously assigned to
the radiation risk group, as well as the identification of genetic disorders in
the process of radiotherapy. The object of the study were 37 residents of
districts, where at the beginning of this century radioactive sources were
discovered, and 6 oncology patients in the course of radiotherapy. Chromosome
disorders, the overall level of DNA cells single-stranded damage by comet-assay
method and a method of level detection of buccal micronuclei in were
investigated. The results showed heterogeneity of different organism response
to irradiation. Determination of absorbed dose, identification of various
genetic disorders in individuals exposed to identical doses of radiation,
offers the opportunity to judge the individual biological effect and is very
important for individual preventive activities. Tab. 1, Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.3.4.10.
Role of nitric oxide (NO) in microcirculation changes during Crush syndrome.
/N. Gamkrelidze, T. Sanikidze, N. Pavliashvili, N. Kipiani, M. Namoradze/.
Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of Scientific Works. – 2014. – v.
XLVIII. – pp. 43-45. – geo.; abs.: eng.
Crush Syndrome is severe form of traumatic
injury that develops due to soft tissues, mainly muscular tissue alterations, especially at post compression period. The purpose of the research was to study FeS-NO and Free
Nitric Oxide (NO) changes in microcirculation during crush syndrome. The experiments were carried out on laboratory rats with the use of crush syndrome
standard modeling methods
during different
regimens of compression and post compression periods. Free NO was investigated by electronic-paramagnetic resonance
(EPR) method, - with the use of spin
traps. Reliability of the results
was determined with the use of
variational statistics - Student’s
t-test method. the results
indicate that FeS-NO and free NO is increased (due to eNOS activation) in compression. FeS-NO
remains nearly the same, free NO is relatively decreased in post compression (due to eNOS deactivation). The results contribute to NO role determination in microcirculation disorders during crush syndrome. Tab.
1, Ref. 26.
Auth.
b4.1. Agriculture, forestry and fishery
b15.4.1.1. Problems of monitoring forests in Georgia
and ways of their solutions. /L.
Gigineishvili, Z. Chitidze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). –
pp.21-26. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Taking care of and
preservation of versatility of forests is impossible without their monitoring
and periodical inventory-accounting. Traditional methods: measuring of areas
occupied by different species of forest vegetation, taxation of trees, fixation
of diseases and centers of other harmful influences have proved to be
insufficient. Due to the climate change, global warming and anthropogenic
pollution of environment, the forest, as the nature’s biggest ecosystem, has
fallen into the gravest conditions. For improving the system of monitoring, it
became necessary to utilize geographical-informational system – GIS,
global-positioning system – GPS, DZ technologies for remote earth-probing and
analysis. According to the decision of the government, the Georgian Technical
University was assigned a big and ambitious mission to create a Faculty of
Agrarian Sciences and Bio-systems Engineering. Within the frames of partnership
between the Forest-Technical Department and a Belarus company Belinvestels a
project has been launched for creation of geo-informational system (GIS) Formap
professional for Android and iOs operation system mobile phones, smartphones
and i-Pads. It will be possible to monitor the forest areas on the basis of
powers of local forestry with following the FAO standards. Students accepted in
the Forest-Agrarian Sector of the Technical University will acquire
international level scientific-practical skills without a tuition fee. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.2. Definition of morphological, basic chemical
and physical properties of distributed in Zelkova common area soils. /J. Lomidze, m.
Gogotishvili/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). – pp. 138-141.
– geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In this paper are
considered the morphological, mechanical and some chemical and physical
properties of soils formed under Zelkova. It is defined that the considered
soils, which are set forth in the loess loams, dealluvial sedimentary rocks,
belong to medium and light loams. The large content of sediment fractions in
these soils is stipulated due high content of sediment fractions in
soil-forming rocks − in clay-slates, sandstones and loessial deposits.
According to the humus content, they belong to humic weak soils. Soil reaction
(PH) at the top horizon of soil is neutral, in lower horizon − soils are
characterized by alkaline reaction. Soils are characterized by a high content
of carbonates. Tab. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.3. The dynamics of changes in terpenes during
alcoholic fermentation in the grapes and must of Rkatsiteli Muscat. /T.Kituashvili, M. Khositashvili, G. Buishvili, T.
Khositashvili/. GEN. – 2014. – #2. – pp. 96-98. – geo.; abs.: eng.
The paper deals with
the dynamics of changes in terpenes during alcoholic fermentation in the grapes
and must of Rkatsiteli Muscat. It was revealed that an increase in the
concentration of all terpene compounds proceeded up to the accumulation of 18%
sugar, following which the concentration of terpenes remained unchanged. When
the concentration of sugar reached 21-22%, the concentration of terpenes
decreased gradually. The reduction in the total concentration of terpenes was
related to the accumulation of spirit in the fermentation area. Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.4. Accumulation and distribution of Cd, Zn, Cu
and Mn in barley. /O.
Rcheulishvili, N. Metreveli, T. Kalabegishvili, A. Rcheulishvili, N.
Rcheulishvili, T. Korpela, L. Tugushi, A. Abashidze/. GEN. – 2014. – #3. – pp.
61-66. – eng.; abs.: rus.
The paper deals with
the accumulation and distribution of chemical elements in edible plants. The
edible plants growing in the polluted environment absorb large amounts of
chemical elements and accumulate them in different organs. Such plants could be
a hazard to people’s health when they are used as food. Hence it is of great
importance to study the concentrations of various elements in edible plants. In
this work, the accumulation and distribution of Cd, Zn, Cu and Mn in barley was
studied. The average concentrations of these elements in the roots, stems and
leaves of the plant were determined at different stages of its growth. The
obtained results allow assessing the risks associated with consuming the plants
grown in the polluted environment. Fig. 2, Tab. 6, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.4.1.5. Fruit diseases during the storage. /Sh. Kanchaveli/. GEN. – 2014. – #4. – pp. 84-87. –
rus.; abs.: eng.
Basic
fruit diseases during storage are discussed, stating the primary ecological
requirements for each pathogen. It was established that fruit is damaged in
storage by a great deal of parasites; the number of kinds of fungi registered
under these conditions exceeds 50. The main ones are the representatives of
genera: Monilia, Penicillium,
Fusicladium, Gloeosporium, Botritis, Fusarium, Alternaria, Sporotrichum,
Gloeodes, Leptothyrium etc. It is shown that during the fruit storage, the
temperature rate is of great importance. The temperature of fruit storage must
be about 2–30C with a slight variation. Humidity in the storage must
be relatively high (75 – 80%). Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.6. Unfavorable environmental factors influence
the Imereti tangerine populations. /N. Kipiani, N. Chachkhiani-Anasashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. –
2015. – #1(11). – pp. 99-102. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Broad-leaved mandarin
Unshiu populations are widely spread in Imereti region. They are relatively
productive and high-quality fruits. In addition to varietal characteristics,
the plant and harvest are influenced by a complex biochemical and physiological
processes that are going to plant vegetation process, as well as environmental
factors (drought, frost, humidity, excessive rainfall), and malignant diseases.
We have studied unfavorable environmental factors (drought) on the yield of
mandarin populations. It is established that for mandarin long-term dry winds
and high temperature is harmful. Drought reduces the harvest, as well as the
quality, because citrus leaves have the ability to take away moisture from
fruits, which leads to dropping, less resistance to disease and loss. Fig. 3,
Tab. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.7. Regulatory of mutual influence of saturated
groundwater and flow patterns. /D. Gubeladze/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.
103-106. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper deals with the issue of underground
streaming movement in the ground. The induced (filtration) streaming dependence
on streaming hydraulic opposition is revealed. The dependence is established
between determination of integral characters and capacity. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.4.1.8.
Grinding of dried species. /N.
Alkhanashvili, M. Demeniyk/. Agrarian-economic Science and Technologies. 2015. – #3. – pp. 25-29.
- geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The final processes in the technological cycle of dried mono-species are drying and grinding. To dry the spicy-aromatic raw materials we have offered the natural as well as the artificial drying. The natural drying is recommended for farmer economies with small productivity, having no drying equipment. The natural drying makes it possible to dry the raw materials according to the natural humidity level - this under conditions of non-regulated parameters for the spicy-aromatic raw materials constitutes 12-14%. For quality grinding of dried mono-species, with minimal energy expenses, the spicy-aromatic semi-fabricate humidity must be no more than 8-10%. Because of the mentioned, we have offered to produce the herbaceous spicy-aromatic production with intermissive cycle, during it in the direct planting place in the farmer field they will be dried to 14-20%. Further processing of the semi-fabricates, produced in different regions and farms (drying to 8-10% humidity and grinding) will be implemented directly in the central production of the species, equipped with drying devices for the semi-fabricates drying and grinding machines. Tab. 1, fig. 1.
Auth.
b15.4.1.9. Significance
of new technologies in plants selection. /V. Kobalia/. Novation. – 2015. – #5. – pp. 37-41. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In the development phase of the plants selection its
efficient to use new technologies as are: clonal micro-reproduction of the
plants, callus and haploids crops, somatic hybridization, suspension crops,
cellular selection and genetic engineering which give opportunity of making
basic material and reproduction means for plants selection. In recent years, in
Georgia, there were established first commercial biotechnological laboratories
where practical activities together with specific researches are held. In the
future in agrarian universities and research establishments it is essential to
be created laboratories and to be solved the problems faced in the agriculture,
including selection of subtropical plants by in vitro technologies. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.4.1.10. Bases
of permanent commerce and business of citrus. /G. Geladze, I. Kapanadze, G. Getsdze, Sh. Kapanadze/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 42-45. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Permanent commerce and business of citrus requires the
existence of commercial grades and populations in each period of the year. In
particular, winter grades should include: tangerine Unshiu (C. unshiu Marc.) and naval orange
varietiesThomson and Drim (C. sinensis os. var. Tomson navel, Dream navel),
Caucasian citrus (C. Caucasus kap.), pumpkin-like citrus (C. pomelo Lush.), Duncan grapefruit, grapefruit Koroliok (C.
grandis var. redpulp), spring grades and populations: Natsudaidai
(C.natsudaidai Tan.) and Pompelmus seadless (Grapefruit var. marsh seadless),
summer genera and populations: lemon Sipibay (C. limonia var. sipibay shlicow).
Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.11. Influence
of methods of bilberry extract preparation on the biologically active extracts.
/N. Sinauridze, N.
Gogishvili, Chokhonelidze, G. Gorgodze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 46-51.
– geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The obtained results of experimental studies show that the
methods of raw materials pretreatment and approaches to it influence both the
yield of biologically active hydrophilic extracting substances and antioxidant
activity of the produced extracts. It has been established that under
conditions of using the wet weight or vacuum it is preferable, as far as
possible, to use the dried-up raw materials. The use of the dried-up raw
materials is comparatively ineffective at the temperature of 60 0C.
The extraction efficiency is significantly reduced under conditions of raw
materials pretreatment at high temperature. Tab. 1. Fig. 5. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.4.1.12. Research
of agro-ecological landscape for vineyards on Imereti humus-calcareous soils. /R. Lortkipanidze, N. Avalishvili/. Novation. – 2015. –
15. – pp. 52-55. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The typical and alkali
soils are distinguished in the type of humus-calcareous soils. According to the
nature of the soil-forming rocks, limestone (developed on limestone) and merger
(developed on merger) families are distinguished in the typical subtype. These
soils are characterized by high economic value. Sand in the soil bears positive
impact on soil watery, airy and thermal properties. At present, a large number
of these soils are used for annual and perennial crops in Imereti region. The
results of the research confirm that due to winegrowing purposes the Imereti
region’s humus-calcareous soils are the best agro-ecological landscape base
for vine planting. Tab. 2, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.4.1.13. The agrarian sector is an important field of the economy of Georgia. /D. Silagadze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 92-95.
– geo.; abs. geo., eng., rus.
The article highlights the agrarian sector as an important
field of economy. Agriculture has always held an important role in the economy
of Georgia. In 1990, the share of agriculture in GDP was 29.7%, but the ruin of
Soviet Union paralyzed the sector. Production significantly decreased. The work
aimed at studying the situation in agriculture and highlighting the impediments
in its development, its normal functioning, also considering new approaches on
the part of the government which should support the strengthening of the
agrarian sector and revival of Georgian village in the future. In the period of
research we used statistic showings, strategic development plan of 2014-2015
and found internet materials. We have determined the basic directions to be
implemented in the future, especially given the current priority course of
agriculture in the country. Ref .4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.14. Black chokeberry. /M. Meladze/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 161-166. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article is devoted to a brief botanical description and
biological features of the black chokeberry, its use for some orchard crops in
the form of a rootstock, in particular for pears, workers and green development
professionals serving the resort area. Also noted is the medicinal value and
properties of chokeberry fruits, their biochemical composition, indicating the
therapeutic use. The article is intended for a wide range of readers, farmers
and nature lovers. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.15. Growth
and development of blue cranberries in Baghdati District. /M. Tabagari, I. Skhiladze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15.
– pp. 134-137. – geo.; abs.: eng., rus.
The article describes the growth and development of
cranberry according to varieties (Toro, Bluegold, Chandler, Blueray), that are
in the soil and climatic conditions of the Baghdati area. In experimental
plants are clearly seen indicators of plant growth, of the volume of the crown,
the number of branches and leaves, as well as of growth and development. As a
result of phenological observations, the best growth and development are
characterized of the varieties - Chandler and Blueray. Ref 2.
Auth.
b15.4.1.16. Agro-environmental
monitoring of intermediate crops in a young hazelnut plantation. /R. Lordkipanidze, M. Kheladze/. Novation. – 2015. –
#15. – pp. 138-142. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
On the basis of agro-environmental monitoring it was found
how grow up hazelnuts on alluvial soils poor in nutritious elements following
their corresponding cultivation, in particular, by intercropping in a young
hazelnut plantation. For the purpose of increasing fertility of the soil, it is
best of all to use one-year intermediate legumes (soybean, alfalfa, vetch,
etc.) as they develop root nodes inhabited by bacteria that are fixing
atmospheric nitrogen and the biologically pure nitrogen is accumulated in the
soil as it takes place in a case of applying manure and nitrogen fertilizers.
Tab. 2. Ref . 1.
Auth.
b15.4.1.17. The risk assessment indicator systems and main criteria in farms. /M. Shalamberize/. Novation. –
2015. – #15. – pp. 143-146. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The problem of economic risk in Georgia is particularly
urgent on farms and its proper assessment and management is mainly dependent on
the economic growth of the whole process. Generally, agricultural risk
assessment and management by different researchers is defined differently. The
risk is expressed as a free action, a possible threat, any activity related to
the production and marketing process, less income, losses, etc. Accordingly,
farmers are regarded as indicators of risk assessment systems, which is
expected to significantly decrease the risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, the
manager will be required to ensure a high scientific-practical level of
governance decisions. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.4.1.18. Impact
of different form of plants on frost-resistance of Georgian lemon. /N. Kipiani/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 151-154.
– geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The work highlights results of the impact of
different plants on frost-resistance of Georgian lemon. The industrial spread
of the crop is mostly restricted due to unprofitable extreme factors of
environment; namely, due to periodical low temperature plants are often
damaged. In some cases many of them die. Frost-resistance is a physiological
property of the plant, which can be conditioned by such biological originality
thereof as the starting and ending period of vegetation. From the results of
damage of Georgian lemon grafted to different plants it is shown that
trifoliate, early fruiting plants and ordinary trifoliate plants are better
than citrus plants. Tab. 1. Fig. 1. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.4.1.19.
The agrotechnology of chokeberry
aronia. /M.
Meladze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 155-160. – geo.; abs.: geo .,eng.,
rus.
The paper deals with different methods of
breeding chokeberry, the planting periods and techniques. Considered in detail
are also the questions of obtaining planting material in breeding seedlings of
softwood cuttings in order to preserve the posterity valuable economic
properties of the parent plant; advantages of this method of reproduction, its
high efficiency, performance technique works, the use of greenhouses and
poly-tunnels in obtaining seedlings. The paper presents and other reproductions
chokeberry aronia quite woody cuttings, grafting, horizontal and vertical
layering, root shoots, dividing the bush, by micro cloning (in vitro). Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.20. The
agricultural policymakers in Georgia, problems, opportunities and alternatives. /N. Rukhaia-Mosemgvdlishvili/.
Economics. – 2015. – #5-6.
– pp. 6-16. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Georgian agricultural sector is in such a condition
that only the thoughtful and properly selected comprehensive agrarian policies
can stimulate its development. Agricultural policy is carried out as a result
of a cooperation of the hierarchical and network agents in the market. Their
proper coordination is necessary for developing the effective policies and
action plans. The governmental regulations must encourage businesses to invest
in the agricultural sector, indicating about the growth of export volume with
legislative, taxation and subsidy policies. The “network of economic agents”-
commodity exchanges, consulting and marketing organizations - should be
established to ensure a market coordination and promotion of relations with
foreign investors or partners. The article describes the current model of
Georgian agricultural policy management and coordination problems that exist
between the various structures involved. The aim of the article is to discuss
the ways of reduction of the negative consequences of a low coordination level
between the various governmental and non-governmental structures. There is the
schematic model of agricultural policy management, in which there is provided
the platform for a coordinated cooperation of the central government, regional
governments and business. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.21. Mulching – soil conversation tool. /F.
Lortkipanidze, E. Kechkhoshvili/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
161-165. – geo.; abs.:geo., eng., rus.
Mulching
issues are discussed in the article. It is estimated that mulching is an
important method for maintaining moisture in soil and reducing the weed control
costs. Introduction of organic mulch improves soil structure and enriches its
organic matter. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.4.1.22. Forecasting origin of wave in small depth flows during linear soil
erosion. /O. Natishvili, T. Urushadze, G. Gavardashvili/. V International Scientific
and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. – July 16-19.
– 2015. – pp. 203-213. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper
is dedicated to the problem, which has not studied yet by scientists and
highlights impact of waves upon the intensity of soil erosion in the case of
forming the shallow flows on slopes. Methods, forecasting origin of waves on
the free surface of slope runoff both in the water and sediment flows, are
offered. According to the theoretical study, influence of wave formation on the
soil erosion intensity should be considered in existing computational
dependencies using the correction coefficient Vâ = 1,5V for average flow velocity in
cross section. Ref. 18.
Auth.
b15.4.1.23. Renewed
checklist of bees (hymenoptera, apoidea) from Georgia. /G. Kirkitadze, G. Japoshvili/. Annals of
Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #1. – pp. 20-32. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
Bees
are one of the most diverse insect groups in the world. Bees have a special
importance for ecosystems. Almost 75% of agricultural production depends on
pollination intensity. Many of bees are used in green houses for increasing
yield. Bees are not well protected against influence of different factors,
which can affect their number decline. For conservation of bees the knowledge
of their importance, their distributional data completeness are very important.
During last 30 years taxonomic status of bees distributed in Georgia had not
been revised. Complete list of Georgian bees was incorporated in the list of
Caucasus bees in 1981. Since that time we made a first complete list of all
bees distributed in Georgia, with taxonomic changes had been done during last
33 years. Totally it made 356 species belonging to 46 different genera and 6
families. We made more than 150 changes in the names of families, genera and
species recorded and published from Georgia. The most abundant family was
family Apidae with 107 species. It must be noted
that 41 species of Bombus have been registered in Georgia, which are composing
Bombus fauna of Caucasus with additional 3 species. We were not able to find
validity of Bombus georgicus Vogt. Therefore we did not
include this species in the list. Ref. 37.
Auth.
b15.4.1.24. Intermediate
crops in a young feijoa plantation on Imereti alluvial soils. /N.Santeladze/. Annals of
Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #1. – pp. 43-45. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
The intermediate legume crops increase soil productivity,
improve structure, positively effect the soil microflora, suppress weeds. They
are sources of enrichment of the low productive soil with organic substances
and are used as a green fertilizer. In plantation of the young feijoa, sowing
maize and soya between lines rises soil fertility and at intensive land use
additional yield is obtained without damaging basic crop. In addition, author
receive additional yield from interim crops. The significance of sowing interim
crops is that they protect feijoa plants from high temperature and winds. Well-
grown soya plant does not allow weeds to grow which is important for farming
and nature protection. After planting feijoa on a pilot land author have
considered the above mentioned and made the test according to the following
schedule: control (without intermediate crops), maize for seed, soya for seed, maize+ soya mixed, Soya as a green fertilizer and for tilling
in the soil in the stage of florescence In autumn, according to the following
versions of harvesting, we have taken sample of the soil in the depth of 0-20,
20-40, 40-60. After relevant preparing of the soil we have determined humus %
and number of feeding elements in order to know what kind of influence the
intermediate crops have done on chemical composition of the soil. In the period
of testing we have been done phonological observation on growing and
development of intermediate crops. According to the above mentioned author can
make a report that by sowing intermediate crops (maize, soya) author have
received additional harvest; fertility of the ground will be grown that may
increase harvest of feijoa crop; alternative of mineral nitrogen can be made in
the form of green fertilizer. Tab. 2. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.4.1.25. Microscopic fungi – aspergillus versicolor D1 – the active
producer of protein. /I. Dzalamidze, N. Zakariashvili, L. Kutateladze, T. Urushadze, R. Khvedelidze,
I.Khokhashvili, T.Aleksidze/. Annals of Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #1. – pp. 67-70. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
On the earth biomass resources which
generally consist of cellulose are evaluated at 7,2*1011 tons. At the
same time, a serious obstacle to start using plant cellulose containing raw
materials widely is their insolubility, absence of cheap and available
utilization technology of cellulose substances. To create a technology of
enzyme hydrolysis of plant waste can be a way to solve the problem. However,
creation of such technologies is currently slowed down because of low activity
and high cost of cellulose enzyme preparations. Thus to create cheap and active
cellulose enzyme preparations which would keep their stability in a wide pH as
well as temperature range is of the most important concern. To receive
protein-rich biomass under submerged fermentation conditions, screening of
microscopic fungi cultures has been performed. Thermophilic strain of Aspergillus versicolor D1,
the active producer of cellulase was selected. Due to established nontoxicity
of the strain, possibility of its biomass application as a food additive has
been demonstrated. To reach maximum content of protein in biomass, optimization
of cultivation conditions for A.
versicolor D-1 was
performed. Optimal parameters for cultivation – duration, temperature, initial
pH of nutrient medium and inoculum age – were established. Performed
experiments enabled to receive protein-rich, non-toxic biomass (12%) under
submerged fermentation conditions of A.
versicolor D-1 on wheat bran, which may be used as food additive in
cattle breeding. Fig. 4, Tab. 1. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.4.1.26. Urban and peri-urban forests of
Tbilisi. /T. Patarkalashvili/. Annals of Agrarian Science. –
2015. – vol. 13. – #1. – pp. 79-83. – eng.; abs.: eng.,
rus.
The present-day condition of urban and
peri-urban forests and other green spaces of Tbilisi has been considered in the
article. Historical documents assert that Tbilisi and its outskirts were
covered with forests but most of them were destroyed in early and middle ages
by foreign invaders. The destruction was continued at the early stage of
capitalism development in Georgia. To satisfy the increased demand for wood materials,
clear cuttings took place in peri-urban forests of Tbilisi. In this extensive
exploitation of local forests local as well as foreign capitalists took part
who never troubled to keep reasonable principles of forest cuttings. They cut
trees mainly near roads, villages and rivers. The extensive exploitation
continued later too as there was no other source of energy in the country.
People used wood for heating and cooking. After such aggressive exploitation
most of peri-urban forest became degraded and by scientific assessment are of 4th-5thgrowth
with low growth capacity. But in spite of degraded condition these forests have
very important socio-ecological importance for the city such as: soil
protection and water regulation, recreational and other useful functions. All
Tbilisi urban and peri-urban forests need reconstruction by indigenous Georgian
oak–trees of seed origin. The ecological situation in the city is very hard,
especially in the centre. The air is polluted with constantly increasing number
of cars. Most of them are old and do not satisfy minimal ecological standards.
Comparatively large green spaces are located in the suburbs and have very
limited influence on the central, most polluted part of the city. In the
sixties of the 20th century
Tbilisi took the 15th place
among 16 Soviet Republic with 12,5 m2 green space per citizen. From
that time the population of the city nearly doubled, but the total amount of
green spaces remained the same. It is underlined in the article that decisive
measures must be taken by city authorities to improve the situation. Ref.
15.
Auth.
b15.4.1.27. Botanical diversity of forest
ecosystem of the lower part of the Enguri Basin (Upper Svaneti). /Sh.
Shetekauri/. Annals of Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #1. – pp. 84-89. – eng.; abs.: eng.,
rus.
Botanical diversity of forest ecosystem of
the lower part of the Enguri Basin (Upper Svaneti) has been studied. The relief
types and historical-climatic factors underline specific, genetic, ecosystemic diversity
and distribution of vertical belts. Natural environment of the study area has
been under the increasing anthropogenic impact for a long time. The
phytolandscape of this area is formed mainly by mixed decidouos and dark
coniferous forests. In the lower part of the forest belt broad- leaved forests
predominate. Relatively dry and sunny slopes are occupied by oak forests (Quercus iberica),
hornbeam-oak forests (Carpinus
caucasica, Quercus iberica) and oriental hornbeam-oak forests (Carpinus orientalis, Quercus iberica) ;
relatively less sunny slopes are under chestnut forests (Castanea sativa), hornbeam
-chestnut forests (Carpinus
caucasica, Castanea sativa), beech-hornbeam-chestnut forests (Fagus orientalis, Carpinus caucasica,
Castanea sativa) with Colchis evergreen underwood (Black Sea holly
-Ilex colchica, common
rhododendron –Rhododendron
ponticum, cherry laurel – Laurocerasus
officinalis); in moist habitats beech forests dominate mixed with
chestnut and boxtree (Buxus
colchica) with calcareous weathered soils in places. High mountain
oak forest (Quercus
macranthera) hemixerophilous formation in Svaneti is presented only
on small areas (the Mulkhura and Dolra gorges, surroundings of the villages
Kala and Guli). Enguri bellflower (Campanula
engurensis), a local endemic species of Svaneti, is found on the
rocks located on the right side of the Enguri River (near and between the
tunnels - N42.57.879; EO42.12.226; and H=620-630 m). This species was recorded
in this area in 1938.The following rare endemic species of the Caucasus are
found on the rocks: valerian (Valerianajelenevskyi),
ragwort (Senecio massagetovii),
saxifrage (Saxifragasub
verticillata). For this area Phytolacca
americana, Elsholtzi aciliata, Siegesbeckia orientalis, and Acalypha australis should be considered as so-called neophytic
plants. Their presence indicates an expansion of eurytopic plants at the
mentioned section of the Enguri River. Ref. 22.
Auth.
b5.4.1.28. Peculiarities of andosols of
the Adjara-Trialeti Range. /T. Urushadze, T. Kvrivishvili/. Annals of Agrarian Science. –
2015. – vol. 13. – #2. – pp. 44-51. – eng.; abs.: eng.,
rus.
The research aimed at identifying the
correlation between some of the soils in the volcanic zone of high mountains
and one of the groups of WRB – andosols. The paper gives the description of
andosols spread in volcanic zones of The Adjara-Trialeti Mountains. Andosols
areal involves mountain-meadow soils which are formed on andesitebasalts,
andesites and diabases. Volcanic rocks formed on andosols, like their world
analogues, are characterized by the upper of the dark (sometimes black) color,
well-expressed grain structure, loose structure, light texture and> 10% of
sediment fractions content, acidic reaction, deep humification, in the upper
horizons mostly 5% humus content, high absorption capacity and unsaturation of
bases. The study confirmed the identification of mountain-meadow soils with
andosols by andik / vitrik recorded in their profiles. According to WRB
diagnostic criteria, vitric properties prevail in the studied soils, evidenced
by the volume weight, oxalate soluble one and a half rust, phosphorus detention
and organic carbon quantitative indicators. Ecological, morphological,
physical, physical-chemical and chemical properties of the studied soils
correlate with one of WRB group of soils -andosols. Tab.
3. Ref. 21.
Auth.
b5.4.1.29. Evaluation of organic carbon stock in soils of beech forests of Eastern
Georgia. /G. Vachnadze,
G. Tsereteli, Z. Tiginashvili, B. Aptsiauri, E. Nakaidze/. Annals of Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #2. – pp. 81-88. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
The soil is the main reservoir of carbon in the
biosphere. To determine general biomass of groves with dominating beech
widely-spread in Eastern Georgia and accumulated in them carbon stock, stock of
organic substances in soil we have selected pilot regions with different
locations – Shida Kakheti and Kvemo Kartli. In beech forests of Eastern Georgia
soil depth is 0,60-0,65 m on average, where the composition of humus is about
181,98 t/hectare, and of carbon -105,36 t/hectare. The total area of beech
forests of Eastern Georgia makes 456 709 hectares, the general stock of humus
in soil makes about 83,11×106 ton, in it 48,12 ×106tons of carbon
is accumulated, that corresponds to176,46×106 tons of carbon dioxide
adsorbed from the atmosphere. Ringens poisons were isolated from sick and dead
rabbits’ appendix and gut squeeze and 24-hour bacterial culture. Serological
types of Clostridium
perfringens were taken from sick with contagious enterotoxaemia as
well as dead rabbits and their pathology has been determined through
immune-biological and neutralizing methods. The immune and biological
experiment has revealed, that the vitality of mice processed by serological
type A was preserved by 75%, but those processed by D and C types- by 10-15%.
Resulting from neutralization experiment the white mice from the experimental
group injected with a mixture of « A » anti-toxic serum and the similar soluble
antigen, have survived by 85%, as the serological antibodies have reliably
neutralized the bacterial soluble toxins, but in case of D and C- by only 10,2%
and 5,3 %. It’s noteworthy that Clostridium
perfringens serological type A has a dramatic role in the system of
rabbits infection pathology and causes mass murrain, which makes from 38-42%. Tab.
3. Ref. 32.
Auth.
b15.4.1.30. For the stimulation of the cooperative
process in a village. /P. Koguashvili/.
Annals of Agrarian Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #2. –
pp. 98-101. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
The work concerns the development of
voluntary cooperative relations and inter-branch integration and also the technological
settlement in rural areas. Under the aegis of the community unions, the most
important locally available resources of the intellectual, economic and
organizational arrangement will be fully highlighted as well as a single cycle
of production, processing and marketing of agricultural products will be
created. Based on social solidarity the cooperative community population will
be in full ownership of the income from sales of the final product and it will
itself decide on earmarking the respective funds for reproduction and/or
handling of common social problems. Implementation of the Community
Entrepreneurial Mobilization Program will bring forth a substantial growth of
incomes of the major portion of the country’s population and dynamic improvement
of its socio-economic situation. Ref. 5.
Auth
b4.2. Animal and dairy science
b15.4.2.1. The problems of improvement of industrial
wool production in Georgia. /T. Kavtaradze/.
Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6.
– pp. 40-49. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article studies the
problems of sheep breeding development in Georgia. Exists the opinion that
sheep-breeding development in Georgia is connected with complex decision of
many problems. It is stated that as a result of successful measures, it is
possible in Georgia to breed two or more million sheep and produce 7-8 tone
wool of high quality. Nowadays in Georgia there is about million sheep and are
produced nearly two thousand tone wool. Raw wool produced in Georgia because of
its low quality is not of industrial significance. It is not demanded and its
market price is very low in the country. In the article the first time proposes
to create wool laboratory and with regard for production of industrial wool, international
standard of wool purchase must be introduced. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.4.2.2. Composition of the rabbit meat and its
significance in human nutrition. /M. Tsintsadze, N. Natroshvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. –
#1(11). – pp. 94-97. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Animal meat is one of
the most important components in human nutrition and contains the main source
of animal proteins and fats. with its chemical composition meat of rabbits
surpasses meat of other species of animals. It is considered to be a dietary
product since in composition of meat proteins is involved almost half of its
quantity, whereas fats are moderately distributed. The article presents the
methods of storage of rabbit meat as well as chemical composition of meat of
various species of animals. Tab. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.4.2.3. Efficient improvement of rabbit fur against
the background of wastes application. /M. Tsintsadze, N. Natroshvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. –
#1(11). – pp. 97-99. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
As it is known in the
world market the fur of valuable animals are in great demand. However the
population of these animals has sharply reduced recently. The high body weight
and the fur quality are in primary dependence with the quality of feeding regime.
As a result of studies, we have found out that addition of silkworm larvae
flour into the rabbits diet reduces the feed costs by 5%. The article presents
details of the chemical composition of flour and quality of rabbit fur. Tab. 2,
Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.4.2.4. Content
of heavy metals in animal hair and its relation with ecological state of the
pastures in Tetritskaro Municipality of Georgia. /T. Chelidze, L. Enukidze, M.
Chankashvili, T. Loladze/. Annals of Agrarian
Science. – 2015. – vol. 13. – #2. – pp. 67-71. – eng.; abs.: eng., rus.
The work is dedicated to the treatment
of the heavy metals (copper, lead, zinc and cadmium) in animals hair
quantitative determination of their content in scalp hear of cow from the one
of the regions of Georgia at two different stages of year – in spring and
autumn. Bio-monitoring of chemical pollutants becomes more and more important
in various countries. This will allow discussing simultaneously the
concentration of toxic compounds in living organism as well as ecological
quality of the pastures. These animals are in the same living space as men and
eat the grass from the pastures. The investigations will be performed by
differential-pulse polarographic methods, which shows that each of four
investigated microelements gives a sharp peak at a certain very specific value
of potential, namely, the value corresponding to the half-wave potential of the
given microelement. Cu = -0,2 V; Pb = -0,5 V; Cd = -0,7 V; Zn = -1,05 V. It is
shown that quantitative concentration of the trace elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) in
the hair of cow as such as plants is characterized by decreasing the
concentration from spring to autumn, and of course, their concentration depends
on the purity of pastures and environmental factors. Depending on our investigations
it was established that the percentage toxic metal in the five deferent age
cows scalp hair (cows belonged to the farmer D.Gogishvili, village – Manglisi,
Tetritskaro Municipality) was maximal in spring and reduced concentrations in
autumn1.5–2 times, but does not exceed the limits allowed by international
standards. This fact is explain that, on the one hand, in winter months they
eat hay and other try foods, whilst, on the other hand, in spring they eat
growing grass. The latter, they eat adult grass which contains of heavy metals
significantly lass then in the spring. Consequently, in this region there is
not any need to plan of any works concerning cleaning the soil in spite of the
fact, that this region is located near the Bolnisi Municipality, where soil is
very polluted by heavy metals. Ref. 18.
Auth.
b4.4. Agricultural
biotechnologies
b15.4.4.1. Higher basidial fungi isolated from
different zones of Georgia – producers of lignocellulosic enzymes. /N. Tsiklauri, R. Khvedelidze, N. Zakariashvili, T.
Aleksidze, M. Bakradze-Guruli, E. Kvesitadze/. Bulletin of the Georgian
National Academy of Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 8, #1.– pp. 102-108. – eng.; abs.:eng., geo.
Great interest in
basidiomycetes for targeted technological treatment of agro-industrial plant
substrates is conditioned by their ability to produce lignocellulosic enzymes.
The samples of wood-degrading basidiomycetes were collected from different
taxonomic niches of
Georgia to study
biochemistry and physiology of wood-degrading basidiomycetes. 36 strains were
obtained as pure cultures and 29 ones were identified. Producers of
lignocellulosic enzymes were revealed among the test fungi under solid-state
and submerged cultivation conditions. Pleurous ostreatus GV12, Pleurous
ostreatus GK10 and Fomes.sp. KA20 were found to be the best producers of
cellulosic enzymes using orange peel, wheat straw and wheat bran as substrates,
and Ganoderma sp. GM 04 – the best producer of laccase during cultivation on
orange peel waste. The influence of lignocellulose on accumulation of the
enzymes laccase, xylanase and filter paper assay was studied. Tab. 3, Fig. 3,
Ref. 25.
Auth.
b15.4.4.2. Chemical composition
and functional role of oil extracted from seeds of Saperavi grape variety (Vitis vinifera L.). /T. Mchedluri, D.
Margalitashvili, N. Aleksidze/. Bulletin of the
Georgian National Academy of Sciences.– 2014. – Vol. 8. – #1.– pp. 110-113. – eng.; abs.:eng.,
geo.
Chemical composition of
oil, extracted from the seeds of Saperavi grape variety, in particular,
quantitative content of fatty acids, biogenic amines and amino acids and their
influence on physiological activity of white Wistar rats were investigated.
Constituents of grape seed oil were separated using the method of high-pressure
liquid chromatography (WATTERS, USA) on Nova-Pak column C18 (100 mm, 83.2 mm)
and determined on a fluorescent detector (at 270 nm). Effects of extracted
solutions on emotional state of adult Wistar rats were tested in special
experiments and evaluated using Irvin’s scale. Saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolenic and arachidonic
acids), biogenic amines (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline) and amino
acids (aspartic and glutamic acids, asparagine, phenylalanine, tyrosine,
threonine, tryptophane, leucine, methionine, proline, alanine, glycine) were
found to improve functional state of white rats and, as a result, to alleviate
aggressive behavior. Application of grape seed oil in medical practice for
curative purposes seems to be very prospective. Tab. 3, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.5.2.1. Dialogue management using cooperative knowledge. /R. Kutateladze, A.
Kobiashvili, K. Kutateladze/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. – 2015. – #1(495). – pp. 67-73. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
A model of dialogue management in knowledge-based
systems and the ways of supporting mutual understanding between dialogue
participants are shown. Means of Identification and limiting of the utterances
of a dialogue are considered. The approaches to building a dialogue are shown.
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.2. The role of electronic calculations in commercial
banks and the ways of reducing cybercrimes. /L. Gochitashvili, M. Kiknadze, I. Aptsiauri,
M. Shiukashvili/. Transactions of
Technical University of Georgia. - 2015. – #1(495). – pp. 74-78. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
General issues related to the notion of electronic
payment systems, their risks and preventive measures are shown. The role of
electronic commerce in Georgian leading banks and financial organizations is
highlighted. The features of payment systems in the segment of Internet and request of their security are
discussed. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.3. Electronic money, electronic wallet and systems of
online payment. /L. Gochitashvili, I. Aptsiauri/. Transactions of Technical University of Georgia. - 2015. – #1(495). – pp.
79-84. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
General issues related to the notion of
"electronic money" are discussed. A review of electronic scheme on
the basis of payment of electronic money is given. A short description of electronic wallets (E-money, Unipay,
Mobipay, Biometric Wallet) met in Georgia is given. Ref. 34.
Auth.
b15.5.2.4. Forming of
conditions increasing the innovative activity in modern Russian production. /A Kuprin, A.Sobolev/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2014. – #3(31). – pp.27-32.- rus.; abs.: rus., geo., eng.
The article describes
the current stage of development and integration of economic entities, where
scientific and technological innovations determine the level of
competitiveness. The most significant problem becomes the forming of mechanism
of state supporting and stimulating in development of innovative activity of
modern Russian production. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.5. The prospect of
creation of logistics centers in the Seaport
of Batumi. /I. Amanatashvili, T. Diasamidze/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.39-45.– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
Because of Georgia's
geopolitical situation the Black Sea ports have always played an important role
in the socio-economic development of the country. Of particular mention is
their function in the long-term increase in cargo traffic under modern
conditions. Given the importance of seaports and goal of increasing turnover in
the Trans-Caucasian highway, the setting up of logistics centers is required. A
logistics center will provide a fractional relationship between shippers and
freight forwarders. The article deals with the question of the establishment of
logistics centers in the seaport of Batumi. Tab. 3, Ref.5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.6. Project management
and its importance. /M. Lomidze, Ę. Keldishvili/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2014. – #3(31). – pp.61-66.– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The considered in
article technologies of projects and programs planning and management are not
fundamentally different and methods are basically the same, but there are the
stages through which every project is going with a certain intensity. As has
already been mentioned, the government’ political will is of much importance in
the structural reform process in Georgial and it is directly proportional to
the possibility of success of the reforms. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.7. Issues of growth
of export potential and customs relations.
/S. Maisuradze, T.
Kamkhadze, Ts. Elgendarashvili/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. –
#3(31). – pp.103-108.– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The paper considers the
importance of carrying out foreign trade and economic relations in a proper
manner that in turn is related with customs. The activation of customs
activities contributes to the reduction of smuggling and enforcement of the
state budget revenue. In recent years, Georgia's main export products include
cars (re-export), ferro-alloys, mineral water, fertilizers and some
agricultural products. The growth of export potential and integration on the
European market is essential to a fulfillment of deep and comprehensive free
trade agreement with the EU that provides for the strengthening of the
country's economy. Tab. 2, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.8. Ways of small
and medium business development in Georgia.
/G. Maisuradze, T. Matsiashvili, Z. Kupatadze/.
Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2014. – #3(31). – pp.109-114.– geo.; abs.:
geo., rus., eng.
The article considers
the current market-based economic transformations, whose goal is to establish
regularity of the successful functioning of small and medium business
formations. On the basis of the made analysis, the ways of successful
implementation of the support of small and medium businesses, as a driving
force for economic development, are discussed. Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.9. Features of
optimal management of Georgian seaports. /I. Amanatashvili, T. Diasamidze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2014. – #3(31). – pp.128-134.– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
For a long time, the South
Caucasus has served as a bridge between the East and the West. The Silk Road
that linked Europe to India and China passed through the South Caucasus. Since
the end of the last century the South Caucasus is regarded as one of the
alternative routes between Europe and Asia. Over the past 15 years the oil
pipelines: Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan and Baku-Supsa, Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum gas
pipeline have been put into operation; a marine terminal for oil and oil
products in Kulevi was constructed; the Baku-Tbilisi-Akhalkalaki-Kars railway
is under way. The peculiarities of Georgian sea ports management and the
possibilities of the transport infrastructure and ways of their improvement are
analyzed. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.5.2.10. Issues of recent
investments forecast in Georgia. /M. Lomidze, R. Keldishvili/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 40-47. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article considers
conditions for attracting investments in such fields, the development of which will
promote economic advancement of the country. The promising fields require the
state support that should be expressed in the creation of a flexible
legislative framework and tax system, also in the introduction of certain
incentives to attract investment in these sectors. Fig. 1, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.2.11. The value of an
analytic function of marketing in companies. /T. Kiladze, N. Didishvili/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 118-123. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
The financial success
of an organization often depends on its marketing activities. Finance,
manufacturing, accounting, and other aspects of the company are less important
in the case where there is sufficient demand for products and services. The
marketing analytic function, sometimes called research, is the basis of
marketing activities. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.5.2.12. Role of
production competitiveness and strategies for crisis management in enterprises. /I. Gigauri, G. Tkeshelashvili, T. Kiladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). - pp. 124-130. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The importance of
analysis of the micro and macro environmental factors and the setting of
definite recommendations and strategies in the anti-crisis management of
enterprises on their basis is mentioned, in particular in the raising the
production competitiveness. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.13. Directions of
anti-crisis management of enterprises and improvement of competitiveness of
production in Georgia. /I. Gigauri/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). - pp. 131-136. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Analysis shows that
production competitiveness is influenced by the four main components:
designation of goods, their quality, price and efficiency of use or exploitation.
It should be noted association of market prospects of goods with production
quality and costs is not sufficient. The commodity’s success or failure can be
caused by other (non-commodity) factors. Therefore, topical today is the
development of methodology and specific recommendations for the anti-crisis
management of enterprises to improve the competitiveness of production. Tab. 1,
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.14. Profit Indicators’ analysis and the ways for its’
improvements in residential development companies. /N. Lomidze/. Accounting. – 2015. – #9. – pp. 34-41. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng.
The article deals with the profit indicators’ analysis
and its’ improvements in residential development companies. The analysis was
conducted based on consolidated statements of comprehensive income of two
well-known residential developers: JSC M2 Real Estate Group” and Axis Ltd. Tab.
3, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.5.2.15. Agro-insurance
development prospects in Georgia. /S. Pavliashvili/. Metsniereba
da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 12-17. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The paper noted that
the ownership transformation of land has made it necessary to develop
agro-insurance agriculture. This is the starting point for the development of
farming. This is why it is important to know what actions the government will
do and how consistent will be in this regard. There was discusses the features
of agro-insurance development in Georgia, its possible options for the
implementation. There are given proposals and recommendations. It is concluded
that the development of insurance products and development of related
insurance and credit institutions and their implementation is an important
factor in the development of agricultural sector and defining the profitability
of agricultural activities. Consequently, agro-insurance will promote the
development of agro-sector, which is a precondition for increasing the export
and competitiveness in local markets. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.2.16. International
tourism and global economy. /D.
Jangulashvili, G. Nadirashvili/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 17-30. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The article explores
the formation and development of the International Tourism as the biggest industry
of the world economy. Under the conditions of the formation of social
tendencies and new sectorial structures of the world economy, the role and
significance of International Tourism are highlighted. Tab. 3, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.2.17. Euro integration
requirements and challenges of Georgia in the field of trade. /R. Javakhishvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 30-34. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In the EU-Georgia
association process, establishing democratic values in the country, the economy
of Georgia faces great challenges in the field of the development and
improvement of trade relations. The article emphasizes that on the way to EU
association the country will need a great effort to overcome the tariff, also
non-tariff, first of all the technical, sanitary and phytosanitary barriers in
order to improve customs, tax and legislative systems, to make them closer to
the EU standards and regulations. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.18. The world
economic forecast for 2015 year. /M. Tetruashvili/. Metsniereba
da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.34-38. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
What prospects will the
world economy face for 2015? The result of the analysis done by the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) can be characterized as “not so bad” on the
basis of other several forecasts. Though there are many risks and some of them
are quite essential. According to the forecasts of the International Monetary
Fund, 3.8% global rise is expected in 2015 in comparison with 3.3% in 2014. It
is true that we cannot call such rise an “economic boom”, but it is a fact that
such indicator has not been observed since 2011. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.19. Theoretical
aspects of the of state fiscal policy problems. /G. Tsaava/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 38-42. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The contradictions
between the state interests and the interests of tax payers expressed in their
“Anti fiscal” behavior and legal nihilism in the payment of taxes, which is one
of the reasons for the formation of the shadow economy. The taxation on the
income of individuals with an uneven load distribution undermines the "tax
fairness" of the population. The current fiscal policy is forcing economic
entities to invest financial resources and build balance not economic, but for
tax reasons, which negatively affects the structure of the investment and
allocation of resources. Fundamentals of economics are now subject to revision
and adjustment in the light of contemporary realities and gain the results and
research over the past decade. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.5.2.20. Peculiarities
and challenges of trade and economic relations between Georgia and Ukraine. /B. Kitsmarishvili, A. Somkhishvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. –
2015. – #1(11). –
pp. 42-46. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Ukraine is the largest trading partner of Georgia from among the CIS member states. For many years, Ukraine has been one of the ten most important trading partners
of Georgia as for
imports and exports of goods.
Increase in trade and economic relations with Ukraine became particularly important
after the introduction of trade
restrictions by Russia in 2006.
Further escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian
crisis puts the
Georgian economy to new
challenges - for traditional
Georgian exports of goods (wine, mineral water, fruit, citrus, etc.) is significantly narrowed
at Ukrainian and Russian
market. Georgian businessmen
and exporters should be actively engaged in the expansion of existing and the search for alternative
markets for domestic products. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.21. Monitoring
trends for the commercial bank's credit portfolio. /G. Khantadze/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 46-52. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
Assessment and review of a credit portfolio and a credit function of a
bank are the most important factors which should be discussed while assessing
the quality and financial condition of the bank asset. The largest part of a
credit risk arising in bank is mostly connected with the credit portfolio. with
a few exceptions existing problems in credit portfolio causes the bank's
failure as a result of a weak management or some other provisions. Assessment
of credit portfolio is a more global task then a review of individual loans.
Reasonable management and administration of the gross debt accounts including
loan disbursement and its recovery policy are too important for a satisfactory
functioning of a bank. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.22. Ways of
improving the monitoring of the implementation of regional development programs
of tourism. /N. Ghvedashvili, O. Gabedava /. Metsniereba da
Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 52-56. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Information collected
through the monitoring about the condition of the tourism in the region is the
basis for the further development of this field. Monitoring of the development
of tourism in the region provides full information about the condition of this
field to regional governing bodies, as well as about the ongoing processes and
the social and ecological situations formed with the development of this field
in the region. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.23. Management
of personal finances. /G.
Nanuashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba.
– 2015. – #1(11).
– pp. 56-61. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The management of
personal finances is a person’s affair, which is carried out for the purpose of
personal wealth maximization by regulating the income flows. The aim of the
management of personal finances is the forming of human capital of a concrete
individual, realization of assets profit, rational realization of current
expenses, and management of social and financial risks. Management in the
sphere of personal finances has its peculiarities. Tab. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.24. Policy of modern
hotel as a means of its "survival”. /L. Dolikashvili/. Metsniereba
da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 61-64. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The hotel industry is growing rapidly and dynamically.
There are modern hotel complexes in the tourism market which meet the
international requirements. Today good hotels are no longer enough. They have
almost the same material composition but they should be able to provide
services with international standards and introduce new ones to withstand the
competition among them. This paper discusses the various means introduced in
many countries to attract foreign tourists. The human personality is the key to
success as shown by the achievements of the world hotels. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.25. Problems of
development of securities market in Georgia. /V. Svanadze/. Metsniereba da
Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 64-69. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article is
dedicated to the very important aspect of economic development of Georgia, in
particular, formation of the supportive infrastructure for attracting portfolio
investments to the country. The article presents the importance of the liquid
securities market and the analysis of the essence and causes of the problems
created during the last 20 years of its development. It emphasizes the
legislative and regulatory issues of the securities market, as well as the
negative influence of the banking sector domination over the development of the
infrastructure. The article sets the main measures, which have to be taken for
the development of the securities market which mostly includes the
implementation of the recommendations about the legal norms given by the
American experts, as well as introduction of the mechanism of public offering
of securities and retirement savings system. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.26. Singapore's
economic model. /I.
Tetruashvili/. Metsniereba da
Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 69-72. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The economic model of Singapore is unique, on and to
partnership of private and public sector. The state is controlled the
enterprises which create more than a half of gross domestic product. In the
development, Singapore is right to a free trade regime, to export stimulation,
to open economy which was directed on attraction multinational to a komrani.
Ref. 3.
Auth.
15.5.2.27. Comparison of
fixed and floating currency exchange rates. /G. Menaphire/. Metsniereba da
Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 72-77. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Stability of national currency for the economy and its exchange rate
towards the international currencies is of vital importance. The paper deals
with the fixed and floating currency
exchange rates, their content and administration system in detail. Positive and
negative sides and comparative analysis, essence of stable currency is
defined in the paper. Examples from dynamics of exchange rate of Georgian
national currency are also reviewed. Stability of Georgian currency is
discussed as well. Fig. 1, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.28. Feature of
anti-crisis management of state regulation of commercial banks under modern
conditions. /L. Jangulashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. –
2015. – #1(11). –
pp. 77-79. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
As a result of the
economic research done by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 2009 the
recession process connected with the financial crisis is going on in the most
complicated and long-lasting period and is developing simultaneously in some
countries. There are many regulatory actions made in world practice, though the
confidence seems to be the most hindrance factor. Modern crisis is also called
a confidence crisis which implies that the banks and clients do not trust each
other. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.29. The problems of
the quality development of tourism production. /I. Vatsadze/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 79-84. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
In this article the
views of the famous scientists over tourism as a complex social phenomenon of
the contemporary world, over problems to assess and certify the quality of
tourism production are discussed. To solve the above-mentioned problems is the
necessary condition for the integration of Georgia in the space of the world
tourism. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.30. Banking system
development and prospects in some regions of the country. /O. Keshelashvili/. Agrarian-economic Science and
Technologies. 2015. – #3. – pp. 18-24. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.
The annual rate of growth of lending to the Adjara banking institutions amounted to 77.9%, resulting in a credit portfolio reached 393.7 million, including the amount of loans increased by 113%, while foreign currency loans increased by 62%. Its share of the total credit investment is 62.2%. Adjara region's total country‘s bank loans is 6.4%. Issued loans amounted for GEL 760.9 per capita. Significantly expanded the long-term loans. As for short-term loans, their volume increased by 24.6%, and overdue loans decreased by 27.4%. Imereti commercial banks in the economy by branches and service centers loans 191.176 million GEL. In this country, the regions of the total issued loans of about 6.26 percent in the segment. In the region, where per capita average, 382.35 Lari credit is issued. Along with the growth of loans improved lending conditions. The introduction of new banking products. Imereti 11 districts of the city, (in addition to) A bank credits to the amount of 36.4 million. Vegetables and greens credited Imereti manufacturing factories, farmers who produce milk and dairy products, bakeries and small enterprises lomonatis tap. Run, especially should be encouraged to develop micro-finance system, which aims to set up small enterprises in the country, especially in rural areas, efficient and dynamic system; Stimulate the production of beginner farmers by granting preferential credits. Microfinancing should solve the following tasks: Encourage the expansion of banking clients, as clients of microfinance institutions have been formed over time a credit history to apply for services; Non-bank institutions, usually complement and expand the banking system, to facilitate the introduction of non-cash payments in small business and small business customers to bring up.
Auth.
b15.5.2.31. Problems of use
of the international system of units in science and everyday life. /J. Katsitadze, N. Karkashadze, K. Katsitadze/. Agrarian-economic Science and
Technologies. 2015. – #3. – pp. 30-34. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.
The article presents the state of the use of the international system of units in Georgia and it is proved that outdated system of units have been so far applied in scientific publications as well as in educational institutions, technology, economics, business and daily life. For the purpose of expediting the process of integration into the Euro-Atlantic area, it is necessary that an urgent transition should be made to the international system, for which specific recommendations have been made.
Auth.
b15.5.2.32. Using cloud computing
technology in marketing. /O. Gabedava,
S. Pochovyan N. Gabedava, G. Sebiskveradze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015.
– #1(19). – pp.74-78. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article describes
the approach and presentation of the formation of high-tech marketing sales
based on cloud technology. The concept of creation of IT infrastructure in the
form of IT services marketing approach creation of cloud services. Described
comparison of cloud computing technology with traditional information technology,
resulting in cloud technologies are modern and convenient tool of marketing
activity. There are four basic models for cloud services and cloud computing
architecture. Fig.2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.33. Technology of
staff recruitment and determination of competence in the company. /G. Janelidze, B. Meparishvili, T. Meparishvili/.
Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.111-115. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
Success of the company
is significantly depended on the fact, how efficient is every worker in his/her
own position. When number of errors is large in the appointment process and the
company has to pay too dear for every mistake, recruitment is an important
element of personnel policy. The article resents a modern approach of personnel
recruitment and determination of their competence. There is given some
recommendations, which will help the business for stable organizing. Here are
studied the techniques and methods, that are used in the company not only for
satisfying the demand of selection of qualified personnel, but also for
evaluating them effectively. All of it will promote to detect the
problem-solving skill of the personnel in the company. with this approach, the
staff will develop a new vision of strategic priorities, which will cause
evolutionary transformation of the company and not a spontaneous
reorganization. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.34. Management of
delegation of power and responsibility in company. /G. Janelidze, K. Meparishvili/. Automated Control
Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.116- 120. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Competitiveness of the
organization significantly depends on the efficient delegation of power by
levels. The leader of the company has the right to make decisions about any
issue, but in many cases he/she has not enough competence or time and power in
order to make effective decisions, that, in itself, defines the necessity of
delegation of power. The given article presents the different models of
delegation. Also reviewed are the issues about clearly defining of range of
delegation and regulation of responsibility. Are analyzed ordinary and special
cases of delegation of power and responsibility. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.35. Models and
methods for assessing organizational-technical level and credit risks of a
manufacturing company. /G. Surguladze,
T. Pkhakadze/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.128-142. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Designing a model for
determining a manufacturing company's organizational-technical level based on
expert evaluation methods is discussed, as well as its connection with
financial and bank system for the purpose of obtaining a credit. Identification
of requirements to the system of automation of credit risk managers' analytical
business processes is given using UML technology. An algorithm of calculating
credit risk of a firm by bank audit using the system is proposed based on
Altman and Fulmer models. Concept of organizing processes of information
interchange between an organization and a bank within the tandem automated
system is discussed based on service-oriented approach. Modern technologies of
hybrid programming (WPF and WCF packages) are used in Visual Studio.NET
Framework 4.0/4.5 environment. Fig. 8, Tab. 5, Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.5.2.36. Engineering of
the fee payment process in the court system based on business-rules modeling
language. /E. Turkia, D.
Kaliashvili/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.143-147. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article presents
development and creation of business relations simplification services in the
court system between court clerks, citizens, and institutions based on modern
information technologies. To simplify business relationships, issues of
document flow process and fee payment services are discussed. The court fee
payment process is described. The sub-processes and appropriate legislations
rules of this process is presented in form of business-rules modeling language
as well. Process engineering based on business-rules modeling allows to form
flexibly constraints, assumptions, and regulations on the system implementation
stage (both database and user-application side). Fig. 4, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.37. Automating
business processes on the bases of sharepoint designer. /N.Topuria, M. Lomidze, N. Rapava/. Automated
Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.156-160. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Microsoft SharePoint -
one of the most effective platforms for automating and managing business
processes across the enterprise. An additional automation of business processes
will significantly expand the capabilities. The most convenient and effective
tools such visual designers is Microsoft Share Point Designer. The article
considers the steps of business process automation of "Holiday Request
". Designed corresponding ER-model, output form, shows a scenario of
filling variables. Fig. 9, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.38. Agricultural labor employment problems and their
solutions. /M. Shalamberize/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 147-150. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with the problems of labor employment in
the agricultural sector depending on the season, production intensity and a
number of other related factors. Proposals and recommendations on the handling
the labor problems in agriculture are offered and d iscussed. Ref . 2.
Auth.
b15.5.2.39. Georgian pension reform's goals and strategy. /Kh. Todua/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 167-170. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The viability of current pension scheme of Georgia casts
serious doubts, since the World Bank concluded that the demographic trends of
the coming years will be difficult for the existing pension liabilities due to
the fact that people around the world, including Georgia, are aging, and
therefore, the retirement age population is increasing, resulting in an
increase of state obligations in this regard. Therefore, experts believe that
the pension system is facing serious reform needs. The purpose of the study is
to analyze the condition of the pension system in Georgia and its development
trends, also to identify the key characteristics that will enable us to better
understand the problems and to find the ways for their solution. On the basis
of this work, we can conclude, that the pension system in Georgia is in need of
serious reform, thus, it is more expedient implementation of an accumulative
pension scheme. Ref . 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.40. Ways of efficiency gain of productions of light
industry. /T. Uriadmkopheli/.
Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp. 171-174. – eng.; abs.: eng., geo., rus.
The paper discusses
issues related to decision-making
on the optimal solution for increasing
productivity of light industrial processes;
it is shown that the duration of the
production cycle of manufacturing, and hence, the
production process and performance depend not only on the duration of each technological processing operations
products but also on the various breaks in the
implementation of these operations. Suggested are the ways and methods of reducing
production cycle based on the
optimization of composite manufacturing
operations and processes. Fig. 1. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.41. Features of accounting of intangible assets. /Z. Akhaladze, M. Gigolashvili/. Novation. – 2015. –
#15. – pp. 179-184. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with the topical
problems of accounting of intangible assets under conditions of a market
economy. It discusses their peculiarities and proposes the ways of their solving.
Fig.
2. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.42. Efficiency of small enterprises in agriculture. /Z. Akhaladze/. Novation. – 2015. – #15. – pp.
185-191. – geo.; abs.: geo .,eng., rus.
The article deals with the problems of efficiency of small agricultural
enterprises and focusses on the measures to be taken for improving the
effective operation of them. Tab. 3. Fig. 1. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.43. The
theoretical problems and institutional programs for the Internationalization of
SMEs. /B. Koberidze/. Economics.
– 2015. – # 3-4/ - pp. 4-15. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The
paper deals with the basic barriers of internationalization of SMEs. According
to the author, theoretical trends of internationalization are based on a complex
system of different concepts, which characterize the relationship between the
functional structures of the enterprises, as well as their behavior and
settings of resources. The features of Internationalization of the program in
European countries are described and, stating that they are focused on the
small and medium businesses to mitigate the inherent weaknesses in the process
of international market integration and development. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.5.2.44. Investment
for people and not only for the investor and the elite. /R. Shengelia, Zh. Tsiklauri, N. Shengelia/.
Economics. – 2015. – # 3-4. - pp. 16-30. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Overcoming
an investment crisis, and, consequently, increasing the volume of foreign investments
is impossible without the recovery and activation of the domestic investment
activity. Therefore, we need to deal with the problems not just of foreign
investors (to create a desired investment environment at the regional and
company’s level), but also of a recipient country, (the readiness of Georgian
companies to accept foreign capital and its effective usage; Provision of the
country’s economic security and correspondingly a reduction of risks). At the
same time while solving these problems, it is necessary to coincide, balance
the interests of investors, the recipient, and, most importantly, of the
society. Furthermore, we should develop such kind of methods that will be
acceptable not only for both foreign and domestic investors, but also for the
local residents. For the activation of investment activities, investors (both
foreign and local) should be given the benefit of customs, generally taxes, if
they will make investments in: the prioritary fields of the recipient country
(for example in fixed capital); Material wealth and social welfare producing
priority areas ; in the depressed backward regions, etc. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.45. Risk management in commercial banks. /D.Pitiurishvili/. Economics. – 2015. – # 3-4. - pp. 50-58. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.
Nowadays the growing number of banking operations
cause proportionally a growth of the complex risks connected with such
operations. Because of the above mentioned situation, risk management in
commercial banks became a popular question. This article examines already the
existing politics connected with risk management in Georgian commercial banks.
Here are given the answers to the following questions: What kind of nature do
the risks have? How do they classify? What kind of methodology should the banks
use to manage risks? What is the main scheme for functioning the banking risks?
What kind of situation do we have in Georgia in the field of managing
commercial risks politics? the main purpose of the article is to study the main
risk management categories in Georgian commercial banks and to determine the
several recommendations for improving their management. As a result of
examining commercial banks politics, it was cleared out that they don’t make
public their own structure of managing commercial risks. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.46. The methodological approaches to the problem of
decision-making in modern conditions. /E. Baratashvili, I. Makharashvili, M.
Maridashvili, D. Kavtaradze /. Economics. – 2015. – # 3-4. - pp. 125-139. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.’
The article deals one of the main problems in the
management - the decision-making process and its improvement, which was
proposed by psychologists. They include the main strategy that is known as
“decomposition of the problem”. In addition, managerial decisions are grouped
into two types: programmed and non- programmed; There are the details of the
decision-making process and specific characteristics of it in several
countries. Moreover, in the article there are separated the characteristics of
decision-making features in public and private bodies. Tab. 1, Ref. 12.
Auth.
b15.5.2.47. The expected socio-economic results of devaluation of
the national currency in Georgia. /Z. Beshkenadze, Sh. Lominashvili/.
Economics. – 2015. – #5-6.
– pp. 73-89. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The article analyzes several theoretical aspects of
dropping in rate of the currency. The positive and negative results which cause
and presumably will cause a devaluation of the national currency are demonstrated.
Among the negative results are distinguished: inflation, reduction of the home
market purchasing capacity; reduction of supply and deceleration of economic
growth; increasing the dollarization quality of economics; deterioration of a
trading situation; growing budgetary deficiency; development of debt and
financial crisis; impoverishment of the population and aggravation of social
popularization. In positive results there are distinguished: ability to acquire
the competitive advantages for import-alternate enterprises in the home market,
and growing competitiveness in the foreign market. It is substantiated that
social and economic results of scaling devaluation of the national currency is
negative in general. Therefore, the stabilization of the currency is advisable
and the complex arrangements should be taken for this purpose. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.48. “Regional clusters”- the best way for Georgian
farmers to adapt to the requirements of the European market. /N.
Rukhaia-Mosemghvdlishvili/. Economics. – 2015. – #5-6. – pp. 90-99. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng.
Georgia has always been considered as an agricultural
country. Nowadays over half of the population live in regions and are depended
on the income from the agricultural sector. International trade laws and a
liberal tax range, which is currently presented in Georgia, make it necessary
to identify the new market niche where the Georgian products will be
competitive. In our opinion, one such niche is the high-income segment of the
European market, where there is a demand for high-quality, organic products.
We understand that this is a very ambitious proposal and it requires solving a
lot of problems in achieving this goal. The aim of the article is to discuss
the ways of reduction of the negative consequences of the most difficult
agricultural problem in Georgian agricultural field - highly fragmented lands
and very small farmers. There is the model of the farmers’ association, which
will have the opportunity to produce the competitive products and to establish
themselves in the international market. Fig. 1, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.49. About the railway carriage-repair holding company in
Georgia. /N. Kirvalidze/. Economics. –
2015. – #5-6. – pp. 100-111. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
This article discusses the production dynamics,
production export, price formation and trends in the range structure
development of the railway carriage-repair holding company in Georgia. The
measures to be taken for overcoming existing problems are discussed. Tab. 3,
Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.2.50. Economic interests and their role in corporate
relations. /T. Kiladze, I. Tedeevi/. Economics.
– 2015. – #5-6. – pp.
119-129. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The article discusses the relationship between economic
needs and interests, economic interests of business entities, their hierarchy
and the specifics in overbearing and administrative market conditions. As the
interaction of economic interests is implemented at all stages of industrial
and economic relations it follows the task of an optimal agreement. In any
company the internal economic ties generate the interests in groups and
between groups. Therefore, the interests of participants of corporate
governance are discussed from the position of corporation’s owners and hired
managers. The attention is paid to the “owner-agent” problem, which is an
integral part of the corporate relations. The manager-agents’ activity should
serve to shareholders’ well-being, however, in practice, we often see the opposite
actions. The disagreement of interests leads to the collapse of the
organization, so for successful activities and progress it is needed to move
from the condition of the corporate conflict to the balance of interests. Fig.
3, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.2.51. The influence of the industrialization process on the
development of the economic potential of the transitional countries. /G.
Khidesheli, G. Lobjanidze, G. Berdzenishvili/. Economics. – 2015.
– #5-6. – pp. 138-145. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.
The article discusses the discourse of the
industrialization in the post- soviet counties, what obstacles they faced and
what kind of consequences it all had. Therefore, the hypothesis is the
following: if the government has the proper policy towards the industrialization,
the economic potential of the country will boost regardless the different kind
of hurdles. We will try to answer all the questions through the empirical
findings and analysis of the field researchers. Because of the number and
homogeneity of the post -soviet countries the article will have a case study
design and focus on the example of Poland, describe its industrialization
processes and the results that followed. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.5.2.52. The calculation of the amortization of productive
funds of reclamation maintenance organizations of Georgia. /M. Vartanov,
E. Kechkhoshvili, G. Mekhrishvili/. V International Scientific and Technical
Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental protection,
Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp. 86-90. –
rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article
deals with the issue of the depreciation of productive funds of reclamation
maintenance organizations of Georgia. with the transition to a market economy it
has become an objective necessity to implement the Independent investment
policy according to water management organizations. The organizations injected
the accumulated depreciation fund and finally got the opportunity to plan and
implement independently the changes the worn-out parts into the new, more
effective machinery and equipment. In that connection, the issue about choosing
the calculation methods is getting more important. From our point of view, the
most interesting is the method for annuities, when the amortization funds are
accumulated in the special reserve to be used later on buying some new
machinery, mechanisms, equipment and new buildings instead of old ones.
Moreover, this amount will accrue interest on reserve. Tab. 1, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.2.53. Ways to enhance the effectiveness of the
economic operation of irrigation systems. /G. Mekhrishvili/. V International Scientific
and Technical Conference. Modern Problems of Water Management, Environmental
protection, Architecture and Construction. Tbilisi. - July 16-19. – 2015. – pp.
188-191. – rus.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article
provides irrigation water reclamation systems wired Service classification. The
costs of production values and orientation of working time are given in the
work, as well as the reclamation and restoration current infrastructure
(capital) costs of repair standards. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.5.2.54. Development of the innovation and
medical service organization. /R. Kutateladze/. Modern Issues
of Medicine and Management. –
2015. – #2. – pp.107-117. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The paper analyzes the documents adopted by the
government to increase the effectiveness of innovation in Georgia. Measures
taken for the development of information and innovation in the advanced countries
of Germany, USA, etc. are discussed together with their role in enhancing the
competitiveness and in the development of the global healthcare market. The
possibility of sharing this experience in Georgia is considered. Ref.6 .
Auth.
b15.5.2.55. Usefulness of priorities of
motivation principles in healthcare. /A. Katukia, V. Khurtsidze/. Modern
Issues of Medicine and Management. – 2015. – #2. –
pp.147-165. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The paper gives the
application and explores new approaches to the market economy, the role and
importance of motivation in the strategic development of a company, the
implementation of significant changes and the development of recommendations.
The theoretical, methodological and practical issues aimed at the study of the
staff motivation are analyzed in the paper in a systemic way. Fig.3, Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.5.2.56. Investments, investment policy and
investment climate in Georgia. /M. Lomsadze-Kuchava/. Modern
Issues of Medicine and Management. – 2015. – #2. –
pp.166-174. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The article analyzes the investment environment and investment policy in
Georgia. The double definition of an investment is given – the economic or
essential one, according to which the investment is an act of satisfaction of
future needs at the increased volume and the technical one, under which the
investment is the sum of expenses. Both of these aspects are closely
interrelated and determine each other. The paper presents aspects of proper
management of the investment policy and the appropriate recommendations. Fig.
1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.2.57. Strategic
management of innovations in an enterprise. /L. Gvajaia/. Modern Issues of
Medicine and Management. –
2015. – #2. – pp.196-206. –
geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The article considers the problems of economic
significance of strategic management of innovative activities of enterprise
under conditions of a market economy. The problems of formulation of the
strategic goal and development of enterprise concept are underlined. The types
of strategies and techniques of their development are considered. The
significance of the strategic goal for long-term efficient operation of
enterprise is underlined. Fig.1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.5.2.58. Competition
politics in Georgia and overview of oil market. /N. Giorgishvili/. Modern Issues of Medicine and Management. – 2015. – #2. –
pp.207-221. – geo.; abs.: geo., rus.,eng.
The advantages of
competition, the competition policy in Georgia, the disadvantages of the
legislative framework and the measures to be taken are discussed. The most
topical theme in Georgian economy – the oil market analysis – is considered.
Fig. 7, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.5.3.1.
Some aspects of the use of electronic facilities for the management of learning
process. /L.
Imnaishvili, Z. Matsaberidze, N. Kirkitadze/. Automated Control Systems. –
2015. – #1(19). – pp.50 - 55. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article discusses the organizational problems and
their solutions of learning processes management on the basis of modern
information technologies in such objects of higher educational systems, as
large scale public and private universities. Developed are some aspects of automation
of the educational process management of these types of universities. For
automation management of the learning process, it is divided into three stages.
At each stage, the promising spheres in terms of automation are highlighted. A
particular attention is paid to the systemic Issues of the formation of
timetables. The advantages and disadvantages of the using of computer
technologies for the automation of learning process management are analyzed. It
is shown that the existing systems improve the quantitative and qualitative
indicators of the educational process. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.3.2. The Maple software capacities and its use
in teaching of mathematics. /M.
Kevkhishvili, E. Kamkamidze, L. Gachechiladze/. Automated Control Systems. –
2015. – #1(19). – pp.121-124. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article is about the use of IT at mathematics
lessons. It establishes the necessity of the use of different modern types of
software in the process of teaching mathematics. The Maple software is
particularly noteworthy in this context. The article demonstrates that the
development and use of new IT enables to increase significantly the quality of
knowledge, expand the possibilities of transfer of information and control the
knowledge of pupils in the course of the training. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.3.3.
Development of software simulator for training matrix-vector multiplication. /L. Gachechiladze/. Automated
Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp.125-127. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
In article the program training system, developed for
improvement of process of teaching the higher mathematics, is offered. on the
basis of integration of methods program and active teaching, the training
system shows process of training of multiplication of a matrix on a vector.
Such approach allows the student at each level of program teaching as much as
possible to reveal the opportunities, to change parameters of any task and
solve it, etc. Use of training system considerably increases quality of
training of the higher mathematics and makes easier for the student learning
this discipline. Such approach can be successfully applied for effective
training of different sections of the higher mathematics, for example,
derivatives, differentials, integral calculus, mathematical logic, matrix
calculation, etc. The developed approach also can be applied successfully for
training of such subjects as chemistry, physics, etc. Fig. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth
b15.5.3.4. Production of the monitoring samples for
inter-laboratory tests. /N. Abelashvili,
N. Abelashvili/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). – pp. 161-167. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The technique of
research control sample during laboratory trials to establish criteria for the
frequency and its physical values for participating laboratories in proficiency
testing conformity assessment are discussed. During the inter-laboratory tests,
the establishment of their mutual compliance is carried out by finding the
difference between the average and variance in the results of observations of
arithmetic, where, together with Pearson’s criteria Student's criteria can be
also used. Tab. 2, Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.3.5. Complex
systems management. /D. Kavtaradze/. Economics. – 2015. – # 3-4.
- pp. 106-124. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
To solve the problem of education in complex systems
management, special several steps of modeling were elaborated. The System
dynamics models, as educational devices, were grouped in several unites, each
with following different levels of complexity. The ability to manage
successfully each group of models was put into accordance with a new mode of
measurement “competence”. In the article “0” level means that specialist is
basing his imagination on non-true vision of system thinking elements and
managements in given problem area. The second step – “1” of competence
evaluates a situation of non-existing imagination of system thinking elements
and managements in given problem area at all. Level “2” means that specialist correctly
determines a complexity of given complex area and suggests the possible
decisions to implement them in management. Level “3” confirms that the
specialist, in the problem management area, suggests implement innovation, and
is ready to participate in group discussion of problem solving. Level “4” means
that specialist manages practically the system of given complexity with using
usual innovations in solving problems with tutor participation. Level “5” means
that trainee is ready to manage complex system (with tutor consulting) on all
possible scale of system behavior, to apply the managerial innovative
technologies, to suggest the working hypothesis and to forecast the system and
human behavior. on the level “6” the specialist is capable to forecast the
results of his own management in all possible conditions of the given system
and is able to define the modes and directions of the managerial technologies
and participants’ functions and relations. The highest level – “7” confirms the
specialist’s ability to educate students and his colleagues to implement the
simulation models and system approach in his educational and managerial
activity. In the proposed module more than 40 different exercises, models and
simulation games are available at the Moscow State University. The evaluation
of the results is available in direct way of self-evaluation, group discussion
and is not a subject of the professor formal estimation. The Practical
education is based on individual and group research, multidisciplinary consulting
and discussion and open huge possibilities to common decision making, obtain
elements of system thinking and conflict in advance recognizing, avoiding,
solving. The participation of assistance, group psychology specialist is highly
recommended. The achieved level of participant competence in complex system
management could be important to each person as group evaluation that make it
more valid. Fig. 1, Tab. 1, Ref.9.
Auth.
b15.5.4.1. Evaluation of relative value of jobs and some aspects
of its automation. /G. Dzidziguri, Z. Zurabishvili, Sh. Gongladze, N. Chaduneli/. Transactions of Technical University of Georgia. -
2015. – #1(495). – Pp. 85-91. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The importance and role of job evaluation in the
process of introduction of an organization’s human resources management system,
as well as some of the approaches and methods of job evaluation are considered.
Some aspects of automation of this process are discussed; a procedure of job
evaluation within the organization is proposed. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.4.2.
Motivational function of the personnel assessment at JSC “Unicredit Bulbank”. /V. Slavianska/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 17-23. – eng.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
Performance appraisal is one of the most
important motivational mechanisms and respectively instruments for human
resource management in the organization. Its great importance provoked the
research interest exactly to the process of personnel assessment as a practical
realization and generated motivational effects in the biggest Bulgarian bank,
and namely – JSC UniCredit Bulbank.
The paper presents results of a study conducted at several offices of the bank, situated in
Burgas. Ref. 1.
Auth.
b15.5.4.3. Ecopolis urbsocium: past, present & future. /G. Jolia/. Economics. – 2015. – # 3-4. - pp. 68-105. – geo.;
abs.: geo., eng.
The mass inhabitation of population in the cities and
negligent attitude towards nature made the ecological situation very critical.
Many projects for city constructions have been collaborated (e.g.
“UN-Habitat”), the solving ways for many global ecological problems have been
determined (e.g. UN concept of sustainable development), resources for cities
have been evaluated, regional unions have been strengthened the ecological
requirements for the long-term strategy, etc. Despite this fact, the growth and
development of cities in the modern world and the current situation are very
alarming and require universal attention. Ref. 16.
Auth.
b15.5.4.4. The political and economic organization basis of blood
heredity in the country is to maintain the continuity of the paternal family
permanently. /E. Takalandze/. Economics. –
2015. – #5-6. – pp. 17-46. –
geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
The article highlights the relevance of the
traditional form (Virginity Institute) of family management and social justice
of the Supreme Astrophysical laws. It is proved that this institution is based
on the understanding of the development of masculine social management requirements.
In the upcoming 2nd Millennium it should be reflected constitutionally in
socio-political and economic system; This article deals with the fact of
ignoring from the government for the need of changing capitalist
political-economic system into National Democratic; it is grounded the
objective necessity of constructing the political-economic system on the
national-democratic ideology in Georgia, for enforcement the Georgian
national-universal mission. In this new work (the Christian-Orthodox religion,
based on the information-scientific source) it has been investigated the
threshold values of Astro-physically identified national human spiritual
characteristics in upcoming 2nd Millennium. It is justified the gradual
transition of the quality of democracy and civic consciousness to a new stage
(from 5th to 6th) in country and social requirements with regard to the
nationalities and the whole mankind. Fig. 1, Ref. 9.
Auth.
b15.5.5.1. Family crime and violence in family. /D. Julukhadze/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.
111-115. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with
the most actual problem – criminal aspects of family crime. Legal nature of
Article 111 in the Criminal Code and some opinions are expressed about
the removal of it from the Criminal Code because it has no criminal nature and
has only statistical meaning. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.5.2. Compensation of the harm caused by medical
institution. /R. Tsintsadze/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 115-121. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
By analysis of the basis and volume of the
responsibility of medical institutions it is found out that both in the case of
medical institution and in other cases of tortious liability, in the
corresponding clause of general character (Article 992) only a part of the
bases of the responsibility that is wrong and is a subject to elimination is
pointed out. For this purpose, Article 992 of the Civil Code of Georgia should
be supplemented with a reference to two more bases of the responsibility - the
«actually caused harm » and «a causal relationship between the caused harm and
illegal act”. Also the duty of tortfeasor to compensate for the harm caused to
persons, which maintenance was assigned to the victim in case of death of the
victim, is analyzed. Questions of euthanasia, remoteness, etc. are also
considered. Ref. 10.
Auth.
b15.5.5.3. Some problems of criminal liability for a
swindle. /V. Abakelia/.
Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp. 125-131. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
Basically, corpus delicti of a swindle is defined
from each action in Western countries, e.g. casuistic definition of swindle is
defined separately unlike in the Georgian Criminal Code, where it is not
defined separately. Definition of Article 180 of the Criminal Code of Georgia
is more similar to that of Russian Code, though it is more refined. The authors
think the in the corpus delicti of
swindle, swindle proper should be more clearly distinguished as a tool of
cheating from the the abuse of trust. Ref. 17.
Auth.
b15.5.5.4. Verdict of jury trial. /K. Koberidze/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. –
#1(11). – pp. 132-136. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The introduction of
jury trials in Georgia immediately triggered public reaction. Lawyers, and not
only they, denote the undoubtedly positive side of jury trial - public
participation in the administration of justice, however, almost everybody notes
that there are a number of problems related to the establishment of this
institution. One of the issues disputed is the validity of a jury verdict,
which is reviewed in the article, in addition to the Georgian legislation and
some of the resolutions by European Court of Human Rights. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.5.5. Violation of securities market as an economic
crime and its legal construction. /O. Mindadze/. Professional’s Voice. – 2015. – #2-3(5). – pp. 21-25. –
geo.; abs.:geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with
one of the types of economic crime -the violation of securities market and its
legal construction. The target of this crime is those public relations which
regulate securities market, i.e. monetary system as well as investors’
interests and statutory rules of business activities. The subject of the crime
is securities prospectus. In other words it can be de fined as a written
notice, electronic or printed message offering securities for sale. The
objective aspect of the crime is: 1) Public offering of securities without the proper
permit and the prospectus. 2) Suspended prospectus. Obviously, these actions
should cause significant harm. Public offering of securities is the issuer’s
offer of direct or indirect sales of securities to at least 100 people or
pre-unspecified amount of individuals. The issuer has the right to enter into
agreement with the securities brokerage company about placing securities.
Georgia Securities Market is regulated by the National Commission which is a
legal entity and independent in its activities. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.5.6. Protection of Intellectual property rights
and related problems in Georgia. /T. Menabde/. Automated Control Systems. – 2015. – #1(19). –
pp.101-104. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The problems of
intellectual property rights protection in Georgia are discussed. The role of a
trademark in terms of commercial designation, also the problems of using
piratic and fabricated production are presented. The article covers a number of
issues associated with intellectual property. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.5.7. Juridical
aspects of the organization of the pharmaceutical activity. /N. Dugashvili, N. Kvizhinadze, N. Nemsitsveridze, T. Chumburidze, T. Kovaliova/. Tbilisi State Medical University. Collection of
Scientific Works. – 2015. – v. XLVIII. - pp.58-60.
– geo.; abs.: eng.
The article deals with a number of problems the
pharmaceutical activity meets in Georgia. The relevant Georgian legislation is
discussed as well as the ways to overcome them. Fig. 6,
Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.6.1. The essence of state integral management
and method of legal regulation. /N. Maisuradze/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.
122-125. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article carefully
deals with the essence of the integral management of the state and methods of
legal regulation such as: free decision-making, responsibility, respect,
confidence, and sincerity, methods of legal transformation and overcoming of
requirements. Bank loans and their delay are also discussed. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.6.2. Reward for leadership. /O. Shurghaia/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.159-163. – geo.; abs.:
geo., eng., rus.
The author discusses
the features that a real leader should possess, as well as the problems associated
with leadership and being a leader. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.6.3. Classical approach to management and its
core principles. /N. Kakauridze/.
Professional’s Voice. – 2015. – #2-3(5). – pp. 31-37. – geo.; abs.:geo., eng.,
rus.
Some thoughts on management
as a significant factor in production and society development are reviewed.
Some reasons about the classical approach by known experts in management are
stated. It is noted that within classical approach the attention is paid to
establishment of the purposes, as to premises of any organizational works. The
extreme attention is given to a thought that determination of the purposes
helps with establishment of priorities in management. In particular, it gives
the chance to de fine the main so-called key divisions and activities, and
those divisions and activities demand special attention. The reasons proved by
practice are given that if there are no officially allocated key divisions and
activities the attention of management in focused on trifles. Some principles
of management in the 21stcentury are given in the conclusion of article. Ref.
6.
Auth.
b15.5.6.4. Conflict
in the process of personnel management. /M.
Samadashvili/. Economics. – 2015. – #5-6. – pp. 112-118. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Conflict involves defiance between the opposed forces,
clashes between their interests and views. Studying and solving the conflict
depends on both theoretical and methodical approaches which should be chosen
correctly. Forthcoming results greatly depend on conflict management. People
don’t often take the problem serious so they don’t take any measures to
eliminate the conflict. This is directly reflected on the efficiency of their
work. Conflict in the organization is the consequence of a non-efficient work
or bad management. It should be immediately solved using the structural
methods. The process of conflict solution involves: analysis and evaluation of
the situation, selecting the strategy for a conflict solution, elaborating a
plan of arrangement and realization. The elimination of the conflict depends on
how the opposing side takes into consideration the factors defining the
conflict solution. Thus, the effective management of conflict process defines
the conflict results (constructive and destructive) that can give rise to
another conflict or eliminate the causes of the conflict. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.6.5. The
training methods for improving top-level managers’ skills in the process of
personnel management. /M. Samadashvili, E.
Gobejishvili/. Economics. – 2015. – #5-6. – pp. 130-137. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.
Business must direct the process of a manager’s
professional development. It should also decide what kind of qualification the
manager should have in order to achieve strategic aims, how to select managers
and help them develop their career. Even in case of self-development business
should give directions and indicate the ways of development. The article
considers the basic methods of personnel qualification improvement (official
and non-official), as well as the competence based on a qualification
improvement strategy. The organizational skills to develop and fulfil its
business strategy, in the light of main factors for business success, greatly
depend on the manager’s abilities. The business success is based on innovations,
qualities and leadership. All this is stipulated by the certain business
requirements and conditions. The mechanic or traditional bureaucratic type of
organization considers the programmed method, which is created beforehand. This
program includes the result-oriented checking system, a lot of courses,
renovation schemes, etc. As for the organic type of organization which is
oriented on the introduction of innovations, uses the methods of paying more
attention to the managers’ skills development, supplying them with
recommendations and probable prospects. Ref. 3.
Auth.
b5.7.
Social and economic geography
b15.5.7.1. Aspects of traffic safety in Georgia. /V. Kharitonashvili, H. Shishinadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding.
– 2014. – #3(31). – pp.164-175.– geo.; abs.: geo., rus., eng.
The
aspects of safety of a vehicle that is the subject of technical and legal
studies and the dependence of its improvement upon improvement of technical and
legal standards regulating it are discussed. Ref. 11.
Auth.
b15.5.7.2. Status of Kutaisi civil transport service
and measures of its improvement. /N. Navadze, M. Navadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015. –
#1(32). – pp. 5-14. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
Transport service of
Kutaisi population carries out only municipal motor transport; the total length
of the city bus network is 155 km, the average length of routes is 15 km, while
the average travel length for one passenger is 6-7 km approximately. The number
of microbuses per 40 routes is over 300, 10 passenger cars servicing 5 routes.
The annual number of transported passengers amounts to about 32 million.
Kutaisi’s geopolitical location received special meaning as a transport
passageway between Europe and Asian countries on the one hand and East and West
Georgia on the other hand. Fig. 2, Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.7.3. Formation of regulatory mechanisms (bodies)
of safety of the railway transport sector.
/L. Lomsadze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015.
– #1(32). – pp. 48-56. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article discusses
one of the railway sector duties determined by “the Association Agreement”-
main aspects of the formation of a safety regulatory body in the European
Union. The institutional frame of existing regulatory bodies in the European
Union is analyzed. The review of the frame showed that the type and
organizational models of regulatory bodies are diverse. Consequently,
effectiveness of the mentioned regulatory bodies varies considerably from
country to country since everybody has different characteristics in terms of
authority, financial resources and staff. The effectiveness of a multi-industry
model of the regulatory body is determined, providing high quality of
independence. Fig. 2, Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.7.4. Developing “Unified method for assessing
risks to ensure safety on European railways”.
/L. Lomsadze, T. Moniava, Z.Goletiani/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). – pp. 57-66. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article reviews
current issue of traffic safety control system formation and actual problems of
developing new method of assessing traffic safety. The article analyzes the
project of developing a unified method for assessing risks to ensure safety on
European railways. In our opinion, the proposed algorithm is a lot advanced;
also its functions are more extended from “risk assessment” to “risk
management”. In probabilistic simulation the Monte-Carlo method is used very
originally, advantage of which is that instead if describing the process with
use of analytical equipment (differential or algebraic equations), random event
is simulated with specially organized procedures. Fig. 4, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.7.5. Assessment of economic efficiency of the
motor transport taking into account outer effects. /V. Kharitonashvili, N.Chichinadze/. Transport and
Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). – pp. 67-76. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
On the basis of
analysis of the outer negative effects influencing economic efficiency of the motor
transport, the possibility of decreasing these effects by formation of a motor
transport depot with high operational quality vehicles proved that it will
decrease the probability of emergence of road and transport accidents and the
volume of harmful substances in exhaust gases. A methodical approach provides
assessment of economic efficiency of the motor transport taking into account
ecological damage and objectivity and reliability of assessment of economic
efficiency, and also definition of real tariffs for service. Tab. 2, Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.7.6. The principle of choice of a vehicle on passenger
traffic by logistic services. /V. Kharitonashvili, D. Pridonashvili, G. Mgebrishvil/. Transport and Machinebuilding. –
2015. – #1(32). – pp. 93-97. – geo.; abs.: geo.,eng., rus.
A classification of the
factors defining satisfaction of consumer requirements to passenger traffic by
logistic service is given. An optimal method of selecting a passenger vehicle
given safety, comfort and reliability of service by method of using the
principle of a flexible priority which is based on tasks of quantitative
characteristics of a priority of criteria in the form of weight coefficients is
given . Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.5.7.7. Perspectives of connection of European and
post-soviet railways. /M. Chikhladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015.
– #1(32). – pp. 102-106. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The Baku-Tbilisi-Kars
new railway line construction project was nominated among the world’s 100
global projects. The project represents a regional and international
initiative. The Baku-Tbilisi-Kars new railway line will facilitate growth of
railway transportation, especially container transportation, support country
economy growth and deepen trade opportunities with European and Asian countries
as well. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.7.8. Containerization and multimodal transport
operator. /M. Chikhladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015.
– #1(32). – pp. 107-111. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The process of containerization
is in progress both regionally and globally. Based on the above, the legal
environment and the relevant legislative harmonization are necessary to ensure
the establishment of a unified transport network, attraction of new cargo flows
and sustainable development of economy in Georgia and the corridor countries.
Ref. 3.
Auth.
b15.5.7.9. Road development challenges and perspectives
in Georgia. /M. Chikhladze/. Transport and Machinebuilding. – 2015.
– #1(32). – pp. 112-117. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The construction of an
east-east highway is a priority task for our country, enabling the connection
of regional transport corridor with the Black Sea ports and supporting an
increase in the transit potential of the country, international trade and
tourism development. Of vital importance is the elaboration of an effective
approach, implying the\r introduction h of tolling systems and
performance-based contracts. Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.7.10. On the equipment of automobile gas filling
compressor stations working on natural gas. /Ŕ. Bezhanishvili, J. Iosebidze, D. Aladashvili, G. Mikadze/. Transport
and Machinebuilding. – 2015. – #1(32). – pp. 173-184. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng.,
rus.
General requirements to the equipping of automobile
gas filling compressor stations working on natural gas are considered;
succession of individual tests of technical equipment (stop, control, safety
fittings; instrumentation and means of automation), as well as succession of
individual hydraulic and pneumatic tests on strength and leak-proofness of
technological gas pipelines are described. A procedure of complex inspection of
the station’s whole technological system, requirements of measures an safety
rules for keeping the gas filling compressor station in operational condition
are given. Problems, concerning technical maintenance and repair of compressor
station are considered. Ref.
Auth.
b15.5.7.11. Culture as an institution in the context
of socio-economic development of country and international business. /G. Bedianashvili/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 6-16. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The essence and
significance of socio-cultural factors in terms of socio-economic development
and international business in the current globalized world are considered. The
features of the main existing approaches to measuring cultural values,
presented the possibility of using indicators of economic freedom with the
purpose to reflect the cultural component in the international business issues.
Fig.4, Ref. 41.
Auth.
b15.5.7.12. Some aspects of the companies’ financial
efficiency evaluation. /L. Gvenetadze,
M. Kapanadze/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 24-32. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The
evaluation of the companies’ financial efficiency maintains the constant
importance. The analysis in the article is concentrated around the producers of
alcoholic beverages. In the article, based on financial statements, determined
are the company's liquidity, profitability level and extent of usage of financial
leverages. Based on the research, the existing problems in the financial
accounting that hinder the effective management of the companies are
considered. Tab. 3. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.7.13. Insurance and
investments. /I. Mamaladze/.
Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6.
– pp. 33-39. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The investment potential of insurance companies and their insurance
activity are discussed. It is noted that the insurance companies’ activity is
most evident in the USA and other developed countries, although it is also
becomes noticeable ib developing countries. As regards the Georgian insurance
market, the government has a strong market position, namely
in medical insurance sector. This conditions the strengthening of research
interest of the mentioned sector. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.5.7.14. Influence of progress of time on Georgian
economy under conditions of globalization. /R. Sarchimelia, N. Davlasheridze/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 50-55. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The effect of progressive changes of time on the Georgian economy under
conditions of globalization is considered. The attitude of the academician Ilia
Vekua to the prospects of economic science and the necessity of research of
economy in math-cybernetics direction in Georgia is discussed. Ref. 7.
Auth.
b15.5.7.15. Peculiarities of statistical accounting of
economics and law violation. /M. Sarchimelia/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 56-63. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The issues of methodological
improvement of statistical accounting of economic information on law violation
and controversial results of law violation punishment toughening under
conditions of shadow economy related to privatization are discussed.
Controversies in economic evaluations of toughening of punishment of offenders
are discussed. Efficiency of using semantic modeling for the purpose of
speeding up economic forecasting and the problem of law toughening on the
minimization of surcharges are advanced. Ref. 15.
Auth.
b15.5.7.16. The role of innovations in the development
of service sphere. /N. Kistauri, M.
Melashvili/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 64-72. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article discusses
the significance of innovations in general, also the role of innovative
management its aim in the development of service sphere and the growth of its
efficiency. Also emphasized are the difficulties and the crisis situation in
Georgia in this aspect, beginning from the first days of transition to market economy.
The role of government in choosing the right innovative policy in the service
sphere and in the economic advance of Georgia is also mentioned. Ref. 4.
Auth.
b15.5.7.17. The essence, role and significance of
strategic marketing in the functioning of a firm. /T. Gogokhia/. Ekonomisti (Economist) – 2014. – #6. – pp. 73-82. – geo.; abs.: geo.,
eng., rus.
The article discusses
the essence, role and significance of strategic marketing of a firm on the
basis of marketing literature review. Ref. 19.
Auth.
b15.5.7.18. Migration and cultural diversity. /L. Ratiani/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.173-177. – ger.; abs.:
ger., geo., eng., rus.
Migration research is a sphere
of operation of non-disciplinary science and a component of research of
spatial mobility. As a rule, it studies spatial mobility of the individual and
groups of people out of limits of borders for a certain time /beyond the
administrative boundary/ by crossing border through a certain period of time,
or at least a long period of time. Migration is considered as a universal
phenomenon and the person as homo
migrans; therefrom comes the increasing mobility of certain people within
globalization, in connection with individualization and pluralism, which allows
the individual to cross territorial, social, and cultural boundaries. Under the
spatial mobility is implied a change in all the positions of an individual
between different units of the spatial system and does not depend on the range
of movement and its frequency. The paper discusses the 2012-2014 data of the
Statistical Service of Georgia. Fig.1, Tab. 1, Ref. 8.
Auth.
b15.5.7.19. The role of environmental monitoring in a
healthy and safe environment. /N. Kashia/. Professional’s Voice.
– 2015. – #2-3(5). – pp. 26-30. – geo.; abs.:geo., eng., rus.
The future of humanity
depends on preserving natural objects in such state that maintain the
ecological balance without endangering human life and health. For this reason,
the role of environmental monitoring is rather important. It includes the
collection of information about changes in the environment and estimation and
prediction of future process. The article mentions the importance of
legislation on the environmental protection and nuclear and radiation effects.
Among the most negative effects is mentioned the contamination caused by motor
transport. Ref. 6.
Auth.
b15.5.8.1. Problems of spoken language. /L. Menteshashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). – pp.
137-140. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
It is difficult to
imagine our existence without speech and thinking. Speech forms a man as
personality, as an active member of society. Speech must be clear and not complicated
artificially. The standard of speech, first of all, is expressed in person’s
culture, education and erudition. Today we hear fluent Georgian less and less.
To eradicate blanks in spoken language, we must pay attention to teaching the
Georgian language and literature at schools; there must be more hours in
standards of Georgian writing at universities. Ref. 5.
Auth.
b15.5.8.2. Standard of speech and writing in the
modern Georgian language. /G.
Iakobashvili, L. Sutidze/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015. – #1(11). –
pp.146-150. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with
a rapid inflow of foreign terms in the Georgian language and other problems
associated with correct and standard speaking and writing. Ref. 2.
Auth.
b15.5.9.1. Influence of technological change on moral
development of man (according to the novel of Mary Shelley “Frankenstein”). /T. Jangulashvili/. Metsniereba da Tskhovreba. – 2015.
– #1(11). – pp. 140-142. – geo.; abs.: geo., eng., rus.
The article deals with
the influence of technological change in the context of modern technology. Mary
Shelley’s “Frankenstein” focuses on man versus nature, particularly, the theme
of scientific development and its contrast to nature. The article shows
relations between men and technology and invasion of technology in modern life.
The author deals with the issues concerning the usage of knowledge for good or
evil design and the inevitability of technological progress in the future. Ref.
4.
Auth.